本文選題：哈耶克 + 自由主義��； 參考：《沈陽師范大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：本文在政治哲學(xué)的視域下,對(duì)哈耶克的自由主義思想進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)的研究。全文力圖在自由主義這一整體問題背景下對(duì)哈耶克的自由思想進(jìn)行脈絡(luò)梳理,同時(shí)也對(duì)哈耶克獨(dú)特的思想路徑所具有的理論意義和內(nèi)在缺陷進(jìn)行了辯證思考。 本文追溯了哈耶克自由主義理論的產(chǎn)生淵源,探討了哈耶克自由主義思想的理論前提及發(fā)展歷程。世界大戰(zhàn)的爆發(fā),經(jīng)濟(jì)計(jì)劃的應(yīng)運(yùn)而生,法西斯主義的出現(xiàn),凱恩斯主義的興起,社會(huì)主義等思潮對(duì)自由主義的沖擊,這些都是哈耶克自由主義理論產(chǎn)生的時(shí)代背景與社會(huì)歷史原因。同時(shí),本文結(jié)合他早期受到的古典自由主義的影響,論述了他對(duì)古典自由主義的批判繼承,在透視其理論體系的構(gòu)成的過程中剖析了支撐哈耶克自由理論的哲學(xué)基礎(chǔ),即有限理性主義、知識(shí)論和方法論個(gè)人主義。從研究的演進(jìn)理路來看,本文以自由主義的傳統(tǒng)和演變?yōu)榫�索,導(dǎo)引出哈耶克的自由概念,力求對(duì)哈耶克自由概念的內(nèi)涵做出詳盡的梳理,隨之展開對(duì)其自由主義政治哲學(xué)主體內(nèi)容的層次性闡述,展現(xiàn)了整個(gè)理論的建構(gòu)過程和內(nèi)在邏輯。 在哈耶克的學(xué)術(shù)生涯中,他對(duì)自由問題的研究主要圍繞著人類社會(huì)中的自發(fā)秩序展開,在他整個(gè)的自由主義理論體系中,他的自發(fā)秩序理論也是對(duì)其它理論理解和研究的基礎(chǔ),處于核心地位,在對(duì)他的文本研究中不難發(fā)現(xiàn)自發(fā)秩序思想貫穿于哈耶克整個(gè)自由主義理論體系。本文立足于一個(gè)相對(duì)開闊的哲學(xué)視野,發(fā)掘哈耶克重構(gòu)的存在于社會(huì)中的自發(fā)秩序并對(duì)概念進(jìn)行了界說,闡述了它的思想淵源、生成條件與演進(jìn)方式,進(jìn)一步分析了其自發(fā)秩序論的重要意義及理論局限�？梢哉f,本文系統(tǒng)且細(xì)致地介紹了哈耶克的自發(fā)秩序理論。 本文同時(shí)對(duì)自發(fā)秩序下的自由、法律、平等等核心理念及彼此的關(guān)系進(jìn)行了探討。哈耶克一生致力于追求和保障自由,他認(rèn)為必須依賴法律來保障自由。本文通過法律層面推導(dǎo)出正當(dāng)行為規(guī)則觀,進(jìn)而剖析了法律與自由的關(guān)系,邏輯地闡發(fā)哈耶克意義上的法律構(gòu)架,完整地演繹出哈耶克法律保障自由的理論。自由保障理論也使哈耶克的自由觀得以生發(fā)和延展。 哈耶克的自由主義并不是完美無缺的,特別是他對(duì)西方資本主義的鼓吹與對(duì)社會(huì)主義的強(qiáng)烈抨擊形成鮮明的對(duì)比。本文對(duì)哈耶克的自由主義政治哲學(xué)進(jìn)行了理論評(píng)析,并在馬克思的視域下對(duì)哈耶克的自由主義思想予以深刻批判,從辯證的角度理解哈耶克的自由主義,同時(shí)也論述了馬克思人類解放理論的超越性。
[Abstract]:From the perspective of political philosophy, this paper makes a systematic study of Hayek's liberalism. This paper tries to sort out Hayek's freedom thought under the background of the whole problem of liberalism, and at the same time, dialectically ponders the theoretical significance and inherent defects of Hayek's unique thought path. This paper traces the origin of Hayek's liberalism theory, discusses the theoretical premise and development course of Hayek's liberalism thought. The outbreak of the World War, the emergence of economic planning, the emergence of fascism, the rise of Keynesianism, and the impact of socialist trends on liberalism, These are the background of Hayek's liberalism theory and social and historical reasons. At the same time, combined with the influence of his early classical liberalism, this paper discusses his criticism and inheritance of classical liberalism, and analyzes the philosophical basis supporting Hayek's theory of freedom in the process of studying the composition of his theoretical system. They are limited rationalism, knowledge theory and methodological individualism. From the point of view of the evolution of the study, this paper takes the tradition and evolution of liberalism as the clue to guide Hayek's concept of freedom, and tries to make a detailed combing of the connotation of Hayek's concept of freedom. Then it expounds the main content of liberalism political philosophy, and shows the whole theory construction process and internal logic. In Hayek's academic career, his research on freedom mainly revolved around the spontaneous order in human society. In his whole system of liberalism, his theory of spontaneous order is also the basis of understanding and studying other theories. In the core position, it is not difficult to find that the thought of spontaneous order runs through Hayek's whole liberalism theory system in the study of his text. Based on a relatively broad philosophical perspective, this paper explores Hayek's reconstruction of spontaneous order in society, defines the concept, and expounds its ideological origin, conditions of formation and evolution. The important significance and theoretical limitation of its spontaneous order theory are further analyzed. It can be said that this paper systematically and meticulously introduces Hayek's theory of spontaneous order. At the same time, this paper discusses the core concepts of freedom, law and equality under spontaneous order and their relationship. Hayek devoted his life to the pursuit and protection of freedom, he believed that must rely on the law to protect freedom. This paper deduces the view of the rules of legitimate behavior through the legal level, and then analyzes the relationship between law and freedom, logically explains the legal framework in the sense of Hayek, and fully deduces the theory of Hayek's legal protection of freedom. The theory of freedom guarantee also makes Hayek's view of freedom grow and extend. Hayek's liberalism was not perfect, especially his preaching of Western capitalism and his strong attack on socialism. This paper analyzes Hayek's political philosophy of liberalism, criticizes Hayek's thought of liberalism from the perspective of Marx, and understands Hayek's liberalism from a dialectical point of view. At the same time, it also discusses the transcendence of Marx's theory of human liberation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：B089;D09

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本文編號(hào)：1812867