本文選題：葛蘭西　切入點(diǎn)：國(guó)家　出處：《揚(yáng)州大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：葛蘭西是20世紀(jì)具有重大影響的馬克思主義理論家之一,他的霸權(quán)思想不但指導(dǎo)了歐洲的無產(chǎn)階級(jí)革命,而且豐富了馬克思主義內(nèi)涵,為豐富馬克思主義理論做出了貢獻(xiàn)。在他的霸權(quán)思想中,對(duì)國(guó)家作出了新的界定,認(rèn)為國(guó)家屬于上層建筑；他認(rèn)識(shí)到西方資產(chǎn)階級(jí)社會(huì)中市民社會(huì)的重要性,重新對(duì)市民社會(huì)作出了界定,把市民社會(huì)理解為上層建筑中構(gòu)成國(guó)家的重要力量,是保護(hù)國(guó)家的重要堡壘；他重新劃分了知識(shí)分子階層,認(rèn)為知識(shí)分子可以劃分為傳統(tǒng)知識(shí)分子和有機(jī)知識(shí)分子,并且強(qiáng)調(diào)了形成新知識(shí)分子階層對(duì)確立無產(chǎn)階級(jí)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)權(quán)的作用,指出無產(chǎn)階級(jí)要通過知識(shí)分子階層,特別是有機(jī)知識(shí)分子階層,培養(yǎng)無產(chǎn)階級(jí)的力量,承擔(dān)無產(chǎn)階級(jí)革命思想的宣傳教育。 葛蘭西的霸權(quán)思想在意大利無產(chǎn)階級(jí)革命實(shí)踐的基礎(chǔ)上、不斷完善并得到檢驗(yàn),是具體革命實(shí)踐與革命環(huán)境相結(jié)合的產(chǎn)物,是對(duì)馬克思主義相關(guān)理論的新發(fā)展,對(duì)我國(guó)社會(huì)主義事業(yè)仍然具有深刻的指導(dǎo)意義。因此進(jìn)一步研究葛蘭西的霸權(quán)思想,厘清并更好地運(yùn)用他的霸權(quán)思想,對(duì)于推進(jìn)我國(guó)社會(huì)主義政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)和思想文化建設(shè),具有重要的意義。本文由五個(gè)部分構(gòu)成： 第一部分前言,簡(jiǎn)要論述了本文選題的意義和理由,以及對(duì)葛蘭西霸權(quán)思想的研究現(xiàn)狀。目前學(xué)術(shù)界的分歧主要在如何理解他的國(guó)家思想,因此本文對(duì)不同觀點(diǎn)進(jìn)行了分類整合并做了簡(jiǎn)要的概括,并認(rèn)為,盡管目前研究成果頗豐,但針對(duì)他的完整霸權(quán)思想的研究還不是很全面,因此本文研究具有價(jià)值。該部分還介紹了本文的創(chuàng)新之處和研究的方法,希望在吸收、借鑒前人研究的基礎(chǔ)上,力爭(zhēng)系統(tǒng)、準(zhǔn)確地詮釋這一思想。 第二部是分析葛蘭西霸權(quán)思想產(chǎn)生的背景和淵源。這一部分是從他的霸權(quán)思想產(chǎn)生的過程進(jìn)行探討。本文不是按照他的生平順序作為研究他思想發(fā)展的脈絡(luò),而是根據(jù)當(dāng)時(shí)他所處的國(guó)內(nèi)、國(guó)際環(huán)境,分析對(duì)他思想產(chǎn)生的影響,進(jìn)而通過結(jié)合影響他的學(xué)術(shù)淵源來研究分析這一思想的產(chǎn)生和形成。 第三部分是對(duì)葛蘭西霸權(quán)思想的界定。分析了霸權(quán)思想的外延與內(nèi)涵,本文認(rèn)為他的霸權(quán)思想的外延就是霸權(quán),就是實(shí)現(xiàn)上層建筑的絕對(duì)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)權(quán),它的內(nèi)涵就是領(lǐng)導(dǎo)權(quán)。并且將霸權(quán)與領(lǐng)導(dǎo)權(quán)的作用范圍做了分析與說明,進(jìn)而得出他的霸權(quán)思想的內(nèi)涵包括三個(gè)方面,就是實(shí)現(xiàn)政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)和文化的霸權(quán),他的霸權(quán)思想是政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化霸權(quán)的總體構(gòu)架。 第四部分對(duì)霸權(quán)思想進(jìn)行了解讀。一是國(guó)家理論與市民社會(huì)的關(guān)系解讀,分析了他的國(guó)家觀,認(rèn)為葛蘭西的國(guó)家是政治國(guó)家和市民社會(huì)的結(jié)合體,并且闡釋了國(guó)家與市民社會(huì)之間的作用關(guān)系；二是市民社會(huì)理論與知識(shí)分子階層的關(guān)系解讀,探討了葛蘭西關(guān)于市民社會(huì)和知識(shí)分子階層相互作用的思想；三是國(guó)家與知識(shí)分子階層的關(guān)系解讀,分析了葛蘭西關(guān)于國(guó)家對(duì)知識(shí)分子階層的作用——主導(dǎo)知識(shí)分子階層方向,并且能夠保護(hù)知識(shí)分子階層的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)權(quán)地位,進(jìn)而分析了國(guó)家與知識(shí)分子階層之間的相互作用和關(guān)系；最后是對(duì)國(guó)家、市民社會(huì)和知識(shí)分子階層關(guān)系的整體解讀,通過對(duì)以上關(guān)系的解讀,進(jìn)一步分析研究他們之間的結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)成和作用力,認(rèn)為這三者之間緊密聯(lián)系、相互促進(jìn),是共同構(gòu)成國(guó)家堡壘的重要力量。 第五部分探討了葛蘭西霸權(quán)思想的現(xiàn)代價(jià)值。本部分首先闡述了霸權(quán)思想對(duì)我國(guó)社會(huì)主義建設(shè)的啟示,論述了新時(shí)期重視學(xué)習(xí)研究霸權(quán)思想的意義,提出要從我國(guó)具體的國(guó)情出發(fā),借鑒其政治霸權(quán)思想,通過重視國(guó)家機(jī)器以外的維護(hù)社會(huì)安全的力量,強(qiáng)調(diào)民生與文化意識(shí)的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)權(quán)的結(jié)合促進(jìn)新時(shí)期的國(guó)家價(jià)值的實(shí)現(xiàn),要重視及教育方式和理念的轉(zhuǎn)變,進(jìn)而促進(jìn)我國(guó)思想文化的發(fā)展；其次,本部分通過對(duì)我國(guó)具有悠久的德育思想史,將市民社會(huì)中增添具有我國(guó)特色的德育思想,并闡述了思想教育與德育思想結(jié)合的作用,通過借鑒市民社會(huì)的思想進(jìn)一步認(rèn)識(shí)到不斷吸收德育的市民社會(huì),是構(gòu)建我國(guó)和諧社會(huì)的有力保證；最后,本部分對(duì)葛蘭西霸權(quán)思想中的重要階層——知識(shí)分子階層的培育和形成做出了思考,強(qiáng)調(diào)了知識(shí)分子的作用和意義,并且探求了發(fā)展、培養(yǎng)知識(shí)分子的路徑及方式方法�？傊�,將葛蘭西的霸權(quán)思想與我國(guó)社會(huì)主義建設(shè)相結(jié)合,在研究中吸取其思想中的精華和科學(xué)內(nèi)涵,并以此為借鑒來指導(dǎo)和促進(jìn)我國(guó)社會(huì)主義的建設(shè)事業(yè),是本文研究?jī)r(jià)值的體現(xiàn)。
[Abstract]:Gramsci is one of the twentieth Century Marx doctrine has great influence theorist, his hegemony theory not only guided the European proletarian revolution, but also enriched the connotation of the Marx doctrine, make a contribution to enrich Marx theory. In his hegemony thoughts, make a new definition to the country, that the country belongs to the superstructure; he realized the importance of the civil society of western bourgeois society, re defines the civil society, civil society to understand a country's important force for the superstructure, is to protect the nation's important fortress; he divided the intellectual class again, that the intellectuals can be divided into traditional intellectuals and organic intellectuals, and emphasizes the formation of new intellectuals on the establishment of proletarian leadership role, pointed out that the proletariat must through the intellectual class,. It is not an organic intellectual class, to cultivate the power of the proletariat and to bear the propaganda and education of the revolutionary thought of the proletariat.
Gramsci's hegemony thoughts in Italy based on the practice of the proletarian revolution, and constantly improve the product is to be tested, concrete revolutionary practice and revolutionary environment combination, is a new development of the theories of the Marx doctrine, still has a profound significance for China's socialist cause. Therefore further study of Gramsci's hegemony theory, clarify and better use of his hegemonic ideology, for promoting China's socialist political, economic and cultural construction, is of great significance. This paper consists of five parts:
The first part is the preface, briefly discusses the reason and significance of the topic, and the research status of Gramsci ideological hegemony in academic circles at present. The main difference in how to understand the idea of his country, so the different views are classified integration and made a brief summary, and that, despite the current research achievements, but researches on his whole ideological hegemony is not very comprehensive, so this research is of value. This part also introduces the method of innovation and research, in the hope that the absorption and reference on the basis of previous studies, and strive to system, accurate interpretation of the idea.
The second part is analysis of Gramsci's hegemony thought background and origin. This part is the hegemony of produce from his thought process were discussed. This is not in accordance with the order of his life as he thought development of research, but he was in according to the domestic and international environment, analysis of the influence of his thoughts, and then through a combination of to study the influence of his academic origin of this idea and form.
The third part is the definition of Gramsci ideological hegemony. Analyzed the connotation and extension of ideological hegemony, the extension of his ideological hegemony is hegemony, is to realize the absolute leadership of the superstructure, its connotation is leadership. And the scope of hegemony and leadership to do the analysis and explanation, and then draw the connotation of his ideological hegemony includes three aspects, is to realize the political, economic and cultural hegemony, his thought is the hegemony of politics, economy, architecture and cultural hegemony.
The fourth part is the interpretation of the hegemony of thought. One is the theoretical interpretation of the relationship between state and civil society, analyzes his view of the state, the state that Gramsci is a combination of political state and civil society, and explains between the state and society relations; two is the interpretation of the relationship between the theory of civil society and intellectuals. The discussion of Gramsci's civil society and the intellectual stratum interaction thought; three is the interpretation of the relationship between the state and the intellectuals, the analysis of Gramsci about the role of the state of intellectuals - leading intellectuals, and can protect the intellectual class leadership position, and then analyzes the interaction and relationship between the state and the intellectual stratum finally; for the country, the overall interpretation of civil society and the intellectual stratum relationship, through the The relationship between them is further analyzed, and the structural composition and force between them are further analyzed. It is considered that the close ties between these three elements and mutual promotion are the important forces to form the national fortress together.
The fifth part discusses the modern value of Gramsci's ideological hegemony. This part first elaborated the ideological hegemony of enlightenment to China's socialist construction, discusses the importance of learning of ideological hegemony meaning in the new period, put forward to proceed from China's specific national conditions, draw lessons from its political ideological hegemony, through to the national machine outside the maintenance of social security the power of leadership, emphasizes the combination of people's livelihood and cultural awareness of the new period to promote the realization of national value, should pay attention to the change and educational methods and ideas, and promote the development of Chinese ideology and culture; second, through this part has a long history of moral education in our country, the civil society in added moral thought with Chinese characteristics, and expounds the ideological education and moral education with the role, by referring to the idea of civil society to further realize the moral education of civil society continue to absorb Will, is a powerful guarantee for building a harmonious society in China; finally, made of thinking cultivation and formation of this part of the Gramsci thought important class hegemony intelligentsia, emphasized the importance and significance of intellectuals, and seek the development, cultivation method of path and manner of intellectuals. In short, the combination of Gramsci's hegemony thought and construction of socialist China, absorbing the best ideas and scientific connotation in the study, and as a reference to guide and promote our country's socialist construction, is the embodiment of the value.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：揚(yáng)州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：D091

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