本文選題：商鞅　切入點(diǎn)：《商君書》　出處：《中國政法大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：作為先秦法家的代表人物之一的商鞅,是戰(zhàn)國中期杰出的思想家、政治改革家、實(shí)踐家和軍事家。因其在秦國推行的成功政治改革,他成為中國歷史上舉足輕重的人物,被梁啟超列為中國六大政治家之一。而論述其政治思想和軍事思想的《商君書》也成為影響著中國千百年來政治發(fā)展的重要法學(xué)著作。對商鞅的政治思想的研究也同時(shí)成為各代學(xué)者研究的必須,繼而形成了所謂的“商君學(xué)派”。 歷史上,對于商鞅以及《商君書》中所闡述的政治思想的評價(jià)是褒貶不一的,一方面,在中國兩千多年的發(fā)展中,在儒、法、道、宗教等多種意識文化參雜融合的背景和各個(gè)時(shí)期出于不同政治目的的需要,無論社會或個(gè)人都難免產(chǎn)生強(qiáng)烈而不同的價(jià)值取向和感情色彩;另一方面,由于《商君書》中各篇的作者與出處在各個(gè)時(shí)期的研究中都有較大爭論,可以說是一直懸而未決的“難題”。但是,要透徹了解商君及其政治思想,又不可繞過這些研究與評價(jià)。這也成為商鞅政治思想研究中必經(jīng)的一個(gè)重要環(huán)節(jié);第三,在歷史發(fā)展中,隨著不同的政治需求,商鞅的形象作為一種功能化的工具,一再的被人們提出,或謳歌、或詆毀,實(shí)際上無非都是出于“托古改制”或“鑒古辯今”的目的,最終為了實(shí)現(xiàn)和滿足不同階層的政治要求。 本文正是以這一目標(biāo)為出發(fā)點(diǎn),以歷史為線索,在簡要分析商鞅政治思想的基礎(chǔ)上,將先秦到西漢時(shí)期的部分主要著作作為研究材料,系統(tǒng)地梳理這些材料中包含著的對于商鞅思想甚至是對于法家的各種看法,闡述其中的政治文化、政治價(jià)值傾向、政治作用與商鞅思想的關(guān)系,以及這些與商鞅有關(guān)的政治價(jià)值傾向產(chǎn)生的主要原因,進(jìn)而從商鞅形象的視角為商鞅的政治思想研究提供另一種認(rèn)識和理解的維度。
[Abstract]:Shang Yang, one of the representative figures of the Legalists in the Pre-Qin Dynasty, was an outstanding thinker, political reformer, practitioner and strategist in the middle period of the warring States period. Because of his successful political reform in Qin, he became a pivotal figure in the history of China. Liang Qichao is listed as one of the six great politicians in China. The Book of Shang Jun, which discusses his political and military thoughts, has also become an important legal work that has influenced the political development of China for thousands of years. A study of Shang Yang's political thought. At the same time, it has become a must for all generations of scholars to study, Then formed the so-called "Shang Jun School". In history, there have been mixed reviews of the political ideas expressed by Shang Yang and the Book of the Lord of Shang. On the one hand, in the course of more than two thousand years of development in China, in Confucianism, law, and Taoism, The background of the mixed integration of various cultures, such as religion, and the need for different political purposes in various periods inevitably produce strong and different value orientations and emotional colors in both societies and individuals; on the other hand, Since the authors and provenances of the various articles in the Book of the Lord of Shang have been controversial in various periods of research, they can be said to be a "difficult problem" that has been unresolved all along. However, it is necessary to thoroughly understand Shang Jun and his political thoughts. It also becomes an important link in the study of Shang Yang's political thoughts. Third, in the historical development, with different political needs, Shang Yang's image is used as a functional tool. People have repeatedly proposed, or eulogized, or vilified, in fact, are all out of the "Togu reform" or "ancient debate", and ultimately to achieve and meet the political requirements of different strata. On the basis of brief analysis of Shang Yang's political thoughts, this paper takes this goal as the starting point, takes history as the clue, and takes some main works from the Pre-Qin Dynasty to the Western Han Dynasty as the research materials. Systematically combing all kinds of views about Shang Yang's thought and even legalism contained in these materials, expounding the relationship between political culture, political value tendency, political function and Shang Yang's thought. And the main causes of these political value tendencies related to Shang Yang, and then from the perspective of the image of commercial martingale to provide another dimension of understanding and understanding for Shang Yang's political thought research.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D09

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