本文關(guān)鍵詞： 正義 公平正義 羅爾斯 政治秩序觀 政治理想圖景　出處：《復(fù)旦大學(xué)》2012年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：本文旨在提出(抑或建構(gòu))一個(gè)有學(xué)術(shù)意義的“理論問題”——即“羅爾斯政治秩序觀問題”；該問題是,“羅爾斯政治秩序觀及其文化基礎(chǔ)”(即“羅爾斯政治秩序觀論題”)作為羅爾斯理論中的一個(gè)知識(shí)性問題,對(duì)我們中國人而言何以會(huì)成為一個(gè)“理論問題”? 本文的現(xiàn)實(shí)問題意識(shí)分為兩個(gè)方面： 一方面,基于我們對(duì)正義概念的辨析,以及對(duì)自鴉片戰(zhàn)爭以來中國社會(huì)正義概念內(nèi)涵演變情況的考察,當(dāng)下中國社會(huì)盛行著內(nèi)涵源自于西方文化體之羅爾斯“社會(huì)”(即“約指‘國家”’)意義上公平正義觀的正義概念,代表中國社會(huì)的中國共產(chǎn)黨和中國政府用以(預(yù)設(shè)著羅爾斯域內(nèi)政治秩序觀/國內(nèi)政治秩序觀的)“社會(huì)”意義上公平正義觀念為內(nèi)涵的正義概念來審視(甚或處理)當(dāng)下中國的社會(huì)問題可能會(huì)深刻觸及當(dāng)下中國現(xiàn)存的政治秩序,可能具有一定程度的政治風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。 另一方面,同樣基于我們對(duì)自鴉片戰(zhàn)爭以來中國社會(huì)正義概念內(nèi)涵演變情況的考察,隨著新中國的成立,以及中國的日益崛起和強(qiáng)大,代表中國社會(huì)的中國共產(chǎn)黨和中國政府越來越傾向于用內(nèi)涵源自于中國文化體之正義概念來審視(甚或處理)國際領(lǐng)域國家間的事務(wù)活動(dòng),然而,當(dāng)我們這樣做時(shí),我們會(huì)面臨一種外交困境,該外交困境則是源自于(預(yù)設(shè)羅爾斯域際政治秩序觀/國際政治秩序觀之)羅爾斯萬民法思想(以“社會(huì)”意義上公平正義觀念為內(nèi)核)對(duì)現(xiàn)代國際法基本原則之普適性的有力辯護(hù)。 本文這兩方面的現(xiàn)實(shí)問題意識(shí)意味著,我們須要對(duì)“羅爾斯的政治秩序觀(包括他的域內(nèi)政治秩序觀和域際政治秩序觀)及其文化基礎(chǔ)”(即“羅爾斯政治秩序觀論題”)進(jìn)行學(xué)術(shù)探究,因而,如果我們的研究表明,羅爾斯政治秩序觀的文化基礎(chǔ)是源自于西方社會(huì)的基督教文化,那么,基于中國文化體與西方文化體間所存在之明顯且巨大的差異,我們似乎可以認(rèn)為,本文所關(guān)注的現(xiàn)實(shí)問題在一定程度上是確實(shí)存在的。 很明顯,我們對(duì)本文現(xiàn)實(shí)問題意識(shí)的回應(yīng)是一種學(xué)術(shù)回應(yīng)。既如此,那么,首先,我們須基于本文的現(xiàn)實(shí)問題意識(shí)型構(gòu)出(或建構(gòu)出)一個(gè)“理論問題”。只有這樣,我們的學(xué)術(shù)行為才可能具有學(xué)術(shù)意義。其次,才涉及到我們對(duì)該“理論問題”的全面回答。不過,基于本文研究目的的設(shè)定,本文研究旨在完成“第-步”——即對(duì)筆者于本文中的現(xiàn)實(shí)問題意識(shí)進(jìn)行問題化的理論處理,力圖建構(gòu)-個(gè)“理論問題”(即“羅爾斯政治秩序觀問題”),而“第二步”(即“對(duì)羅爾斯政治秩序觀問題的全面回答”)的完成,則是本文之后階段的研究主旨。 基于本文的研究目的,本文分為六章,其主要內(nèi)容如下： 第1章《導(dǎo)言：直覺問題意識(shí)與本文論述框架》在對(duì)正義概念進(jìn)行辨析之后,主要勾勒出筆者于本文中的直覺問題意識(shí)、明確本文研究目的、交待本文的論述框架。 第2章《羅爾斯政治秩序觀論題的問題化(Ⅰ)：直覺問題意識(shí)的論證和深化》主要對(duì)本文第1章《導(dǎo)言》中的直覺問題意識(shí)進(jìn)行強(qiáng)化(甚或論證)和深化,表明羅爾斯政治秩序觀論題對(duì)我們中國人而言確實(shí)是一個(gè)重要問題,而不僅僅是一個(gè)只存在“可能性”的問題,或羅爾斯理論中的一個(gè)知識(shí)性問題。這一章主要表明羅爾斯政治秩序觀論題具有“理論問題”的普遍性特征。 第3章《羅爾斯政治秩序觀論題的問題化(Ⅱ)：羅爾斯政治秩序觀論題的新穎性考察》主要考察羅爾斯政治秩序觀論題的新穎性。這一章主要表明羅爾斯政治秩序觀論題具有“理論問題”的新穎性特征。 第4章《羅爾斯政治秩序觀問題的研究進(jìn)路問題：基于相關(guān)羅爾斯研究博士學(xué)位論文之研究進(jìn)路的思考》主要為羅爾斯政治秩序觀問題尋找一種合適的研究進(jìn)路。在本文第2章和第3章基本完成對(duì)羅爾斯政治秩序觀問題的理論建構(gòu)后,這一章的寫作目的旨在避免因“羅爾斯政治秩序觀問題找不到一種合適的研究進(jìn)路”這一情況而對(duì)羅爾斯政治秩序觀問題之“理論問題”品格所可能會(huì)產(chǎn)生的消減。 第5章《羅爾斯政治秩序觀問題的預(yù)設(shè)問題：對(duì)羅爾斯政治秩序觀問題的初步回答》主要對(duì)羅爾斯政治秩序觀問題進(jìn)行初步回答。因?yàn)楸疚闹荚谔岢隽_爾斯政治秩序觀問題,這預(yù)設(shè)著“羅爾斯政治秩序觀問題是有解的”,但是,這樣一種預(yù)設(shè)并不是當(dāng)然成立的,因而,我們需要于這一章中對(duì)羅爾斯政治秩序觀問題進(jìn)行初步回答以避免“羅爾斯政治秩序觀問題無解”這一情況而對(duì)羅爾斯政治秩序觀問題之“理論問題”品格所可能會(huì)產(chǎn)生的嚴(yán)重消減。 第6章《結(jié)論》對(duì)全文進(jìn)行總結(jié),整體性地勾勒出“筆者對(duì)本文的現(xiàn)實(shí)問題意識(shí)進(jìn)行問題化理論處理、提出羅爾斯政治秩序觀問題”的過程,表明本文是如何完成其預(yù)期理論目的(即“提出‘羅爾斯政治秩序觀問題”)的。
[Abstract]:The aim of this paper is to put forward ( or construct ) a " theoretical question " of academic significance , " The question of Rawls ' political order " , which is a question of knowledge in Rawls ' theory of political order and its cultural basis ( that is , " Rawls Political Order " ) as a knowledge problem in the theory of Rawls , which will become a " theoretical issue " for our Chinese people ? The reality problem consciousness in this paper is divided into two aspects : On the one hand , based on the differentiation of the concept of justice and the evolution of the concept of social justice in China since the Opium War , the concept of justice in the sense of fairness and justice in the sense of fairness and justice in the sense of fairness and justice in the sense of fairness and justice in the sense of fairness and justice in the sense of fairness and justice in the sense of fairness and justice in the sense of fairness and justice in the sense of fairness and justice in the sense of fairness and justice in the sense of fairness and justice in the sense of fairness and justice in the sense of fairness and justice in the sense of fairness and justice in the meaning of " society " of western culture . On the other hand , on the basis of our investigation of the evolution of the concept of Chinese social justice since the Opium War , with the establishment of the new China and the growing and powerful China , the Chinese Communist Party and the Chinese government , representing the Chinese society , are more and more inclined to look at ( or deal with ) the affairs activities among the countries in the international arena . However , when we do so , we will face a diplomatic dilemma , which is a strong defence of the universality of the basic principles of modern international law from the Rawls ' s thoughts of Rawls , which is based on the concept of social political order and international political order . The realistic problem consciousness of the two aspects in this paper means that we need to carry out an academic inquiry into Rawls ' view of political order , including the view of political order and the view of the inter - domain political order and the cultural foundation of the " Rawls Political Order " . Therefore , if our research shows that the cultural basis of Rawls ' political order is the Christian culture derived from the western society , it seems that the reality problem of the present article is indeed real . It is obvious that our response to the real problem consciousness in this paper is an academic response . So , firstly , we must construct ( or construct ) a " theoretical question " based on the reality problem consciousness type . Only in this way , our academic behavior may have academic significance . Secondly , this paper deals with the theoretical treatment of the " step - step " , that is , the problem of the reality problem consciousness , and tries to construct a " theoretical question " ( that is , " Rawls Political Order View " ) . ) , and " second step " ( that is , " full answer to the question of Rawls ' political order " ) is the subject of the study at the later stage of this article . Based on the research object , this paper is divided into six chapters , its main contents are as follows : The first chapter introduces the concept of intuitions : the consciousness of intuition and the framework stipulated in this paper . After the analysis of the concept of justice , the author mainly draws out the intuitions consciousness of the author in this paper , and makes clear the purpose of this paper . In chapter 2 , the question of Rawls ' political order concept ( I ) : The demonstration and deepening of intuition problem consciousness strengthens ( even demonstration ) and deepening of the intuitive question consciousness in the introduction of Chapter 1 . It shows that the topic of Rawls ' political order is really an important issue for our Chinese people , not just a question of " possibility " , or a knowledge problem in Rawls theory . This chapter mainly shows that the topic of Rawls ' political order has the universal character of " theoretical question " . Chapter 3 : The question of Rawls ' political order concept ( 鈪，

本文編號(hào)：1519561