本文關(guān)鍵詞： 金融危機(jī) 資本主義中心國(guó)家 邊緣國(guó)家 替代　出處：《中國(guó)政法大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：馬克思主義史是一個(gè)“替代”理論的發(fā)展史,并且“替代”問(wèn)題沒(méi)有僅僅停留在理論的層面上,還出現(xiàn)了很多從根本上改造社會(huì)的實(shí)踐活動(dòng)。發(fā)達(dá)資本主義國(guó)家與邊緣國(guó)家具有不同的國(guó)情,因此是否存在統(tǒng)一的實(shí)踐方式,或者如果不存在同一路徑它們將分別采取什么樣的實(shí)踐方式,都是值得繼續(xù)探索的。20世紀(jì)80—90年代以來(lái),反資本主義全球化浪潮洶涌澎湃。2008年金融危機(jī)爆發(fā)后,受影響的社會(huì)階層將不斷擴(kuò)大,這有利于鼓勵(lì)、聚集、形成廣泛的社會(huì)力量并提出許多社會(huì)替代方案。 要實(shí)現(xiàn)社會(huì)主義對(duì)資本主義的替代需要實(shí)現(xiàn)三個(gè)因素：被排斥階級(jí)革命意識(shí)的覺(jué)醒,社會(huì)主義目標(biāo)的明確以及理論的正確性。縱觀各種“替代”實(shí)踐,暴力革命與體制改革相結(jié)合是資本主義中心國(guó)家與邊緣國(guó)家的“替代”實(shí)踐普遍運(yùn)用的路徑。無(wú)產(chǎn)階級(jí)革命的暴力方式是建立社會(huì)主義的重要方式和手段。在國(guó)際共產(chǎn)主義運(yùn)動(dòng)史上能不能采取和平方式建立社會(huì)主義,是一個(gè)爭(zhēng)論已久的重大問(wèn)題。馬克思和恩格斯認(rèn)為革命的和平發(fā)展是有條件的。實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)資本主義的替代也需要社會(huì)主義因素在資本主義內(nèi)部的擴(kuò)展。但是在發(fā)達(dá)資本主義國(guó)家能否通過(guò)體制改革進(jìn)入社會(huì)主義階段,還是進(jìn)入資本主義的另外一個(gè)階段有待觀察。此次金融危機(jī)的爆發(fā)能否醞釀出邊緣國(guó)家的第三次覺(jué)醒也還是個(gè)未知數(shù)。 因此,要討論究竟是通過(guò)暴力革命的方式還是體制改革的方式實(shí)現(xiàn)社會(huì)主義制度對(duì)資本主義制度的替代既不科學(xué)也不現(xiàn)實(shí)。暴力革命與體制改革可以相互促進(jìn),因?yàn)閮烧呔哂邢嗤姆较蛐浴?br/>[Abstract]:The history of Marxism is the history of the development of the theory of "substitution", and the problem of "substitution" does not stop at the theoretical level. There have also been a lot of practical activities to fundamentally transform society. Developed capitalist countries and marginal countries have different national conditions, so whether there is a unified mode of practice, Or if there is no same path, what kind of practice will they take, which is worth exploring. Since the 1980s and 1990s, the wave of anti-capitalist globalization has been surging. After the financial crisis broke out in 2008, The affected social classes will continue to expand, which is conducive to encouraging, gathering, forming a broad social force and proposing many social alternatives. In order to realize the substitution of socialism to capitalism, three factors need to be realized: the awakening of the revolutionary consciousness of excluded class, the clarity of socialist goal and the correctness of theory. The combination of violent revolution and system reform is the path of "substitution" of capitalist countries and marginal countries. The violent way of proletarian revolution is an important way and means to build socialism. Can we build socialism by peaceful means in the history of the international communist movement? Marx and Engels believe that the peaceful development of revolution is conditional. The replacement of capitalism also requires the expansion of socialist factors within capitalism. Whether capitalist countries can enter the socialist stage through structural reform, It remains to be seen whether the outbreak of the financial crisis will produce a third awakening of marginal countries. Therefore, it is neither scientific nor realistic to discuss whether the socialist system should be replaced by the capitalist system by means of violent revolution or institutional reform. Violent revolution and institutional reform can promote each other. Because both have the same directionality.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：D033.3;D091.6

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