中國(guó)墾業(yè)銀行概述（1926-1937）
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-04-03 08:33
【摘要】：中國(guó)墾業(yè)銀行為北洋政府后期設(shè)立的特種銀行之一,實(shí)際經(jīng)營(yíng)一般商業(yè)銀行的業(yè)務(wù)。該行自1926年成立,歷經(jīng)數(shù)次改組,最終1929年3月成功改組,將總部遷到上海。該行的發(fā)展步入正軌,由于經(jīng)營(yíng)方式靈活,實(shí)力不斷增強(qiáng),曾躋身民國(guó)八大商業(yè)銀行之一。本文以中國(guó)墾業(yè)銀行為研究對(duì)象,選擇1926至1937年作為研究時(shí)段,通過(guò)對(duì)該行的組織結(jié)構(gòu)、紙幣和業(yè)務(wù)的分析,揭示中國(guó)墾業(yè)銀行發(fā)展變化的歷史進(jìn)程。 1926年4月14日,中國(guó)墾業(yè)銀行成立于天津,并取得了紙幣發(fā)行權(quán)。初期銀行業(yè)務(wù)經(jīng)營(yíng)慘淡,只在紙幣發(fā)行方面取得了進(jìn)展。但受到北洋政府政局的的影響,發(fā)展處于停滯狀態(tài),幾經(jīng)改組未獲成功。直至1929年3月改組,將總行遷到上海,各項(xiàng)業(yè)務(wù)發(fā)展迅速。另?yè)苁f(wàn)元,附設(shè)儲(chǔ)蓄部,獨(dú)立經(jīng)營(yíng),會(huì)計(jì)公開(kāi)。1931年設(shè)立地產(chǎn)部,經(jīng)營(yíng)房地產(chǎn)抵押放款。隨著實(shí)力的增強(qiáng),在經(jīng)濟(jì)繁榮和交通發(fā)達(dá)的地方,增設(shè)分支機(jī)構(gòu)。到抗日戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)爆發(fā)前,在上海、天津、北平、寧波、余姚、南京等地共設(shè)立11處分支行或辦事處。 中國(guó)墾業(yè)銀行被稱(chēng)為“寧波系”三行之一。在1929年未改組之前,從創(chuàng)始人至管理人,再到改組的接手人全是寧波人氏,1929年之后其董事會(huì)中皆是以寧波人為核心的江浙籍人員。改組后,即引進(jìn)了先進(jìn)的銀行組織系統(tǒng),部門(mén)各司其職,加強(qiáng)管理,提高了工作效率。該行紙幣流通范圍擴(kuò)展至長(zhǎng)江中下游和華北地區(qū),推動(dòng)了各地代兌機(jī)關(guān)的設(shè)立。為保證紙幣發(fā)行的安全,提高信譽(yù),1932年8月13日起,每月公開(kāi)檢查全部發(fā)行準(zhǔn)備金,直至被取消紙幣發(fā)行權(quán)。儲(chǔ)蓄存款做為重要的資金來(lái)源,墾業(yè)銀行積極開(kāi)展多種形式的存款,存款總額不斷提高。與此同時(shí)注重與同行業(yè)間的合作,開(kāi)展對(duì)政府的放款活動(dòng),并參與了金融界的國(guó)貨運(yùn)動(dòng)。
[Abstract]:China Reclamation Bank is one of the special banks set up in the later period of Beiyang government, which actually operates the business of general commercial banks. Founded in 1926, the bank was restructured several times and successfully reorganized in March 1929, moving its headquarters to Shanghai. The bank's development is on track, with flexible management and growing strength, it once became one of the eight largest commercial banks. This paper takes China Reclamation Bank as the research object, chooses 1926-1937 as the research period, through the analysis of the organization structure, paper money and business of the bank, reveals the historical process of the development and change of China Reclamation Bank. April 14, 1926, China Reclamation Bank was established in Tianjin, and obtained the right to issue paper money. Initial banking operations have been bleak, and only progress has been made in the issue of paper money. However, affected by the political situation of the Northern Foreign Government, the development was in a stagnant state, and the restructuring failed several times. Until March 1929 reorganization, the head office moved to Shanghai, the rapid development of various business. Set aside another 100,000 yuan, attached to the savings department, independent operation, accounting open. 1931 set up a real estate department, operating real estate mortgage loans. Along with the strength enhancement, in the economic prosperity and the transportation developed place, increases the branch office. Before the War of Resistance against Japan, 11 branches or offices were set up in Shanghai, Tianjin, Beiping, Ningbo, Yuyao, Nanjing, etc. China Reclamation Bank is known as "Ningbo Department" one of the three lines. Before the unreshuffled in 1929, the founders to the managers, to the restructured recipients were all Ningbo people, and after 1929 there were Ningbo-centered members of the board of directors of Jiangzhe nationality. After the reorganization, the advanced banking organization system was introduced, the departments carried out their duties, strengthened the management, and improved the efficiency of the work. The bank's currency spread to the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and North China, promoting the establishment of local exchange agencies. To ensure the safety and credibility of the issue of paper money, since August 13, 1932, a monthly public inspection of all reserves for the issue of paper money has been carried out until the right to issue paper money has been revoked. Savings as an important source of funds, Reclamation Bank actively carry out various forms of deposits, the total amount of deposits continue to increase. At the same time, focus on cooperation with the industry, to carry out government lending activities, and participate in the financial community of domestic goods movement.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F832.9;K263
本文編號(hào)：2453071
[Abstract]:China Reclamation Bank is one of the special banks set up in the later period of Beiyang government, which actually operates the business of general commercial banks. Founded in 1926, the bank was restructured several times and successfully reorganized in March 1929, moving its headquarters to Shanghai. The bank's development is on track, with flexible management and growing strength, it once became one of the eight largest commercial banks. This paper takes China Reclamation Bank as the research object, chooses 1926-1937 as the research period, through the analysis of the organization structure, paper money and business of the bank, reveals the historical process of the development and change of China Reclamation Bank. April 14, 1926, China Reclamation Bank was established in Tianjin, and obtained the right to issue paper money. Initial banking operations have been bleak, and only progress has been made in the issue of paper money. However, affected by the political situation of the Northern Foreign Government, the development was in a stagnant state, and the restructuring failed several times. Until March 1929 reorganization, the head office moved to Shanghai, the rapid development of various business. Set aside another 100,000 yuan, attached to the savings department, independent operation, accounting open. 1931 set up a real estate department, operating real estate mortgage loans. Along with the strength enhancement, in the economic prosperity and the transportation developed place, increases the branch office. Before the War of Resistance against Japan, 11 branches or offices were set up in Shanghai, Tianjin, Beiping, Ningbo, Yuyao, Nanjing, etc. China Reclamation Bank is known as "Ningbo Department" one of the three lines. Before the unreshuffled in 1929, the founders to the managers, to the restructured recipients were all Ningbo people, and after 1929 there were Ningbo-centered members of the board of directors of Jiangzhe nationality. After the reorganization, the advanced banking organization system was introduced, the departments carried out their duties, strengthened the management, and improved the efficiency of the work. The bank's currency spread to the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and North China, promoting the establishment of local exchange agencies. To ensure the safety and credibility of the issue of paper money, since August 13, 1932, a monthly public inspection of all reserves for the issue of paper money has been carried out until the right to issue paper money has been revoked. Savings as an important source of funds, Reclamation Bank actively carry out various forms of deposits, the total amount of deposits continue to increase. At the same time, focus on cooperation with the industry, to carry out government lending activities, and participate in the financial community of domestic goods movement.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F832.9;K263
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