發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-03-31 11:08

【摘要】：民國無錫素有“小上海”之譽(yù)。無錫近代化過程中鮮有外國勢(shì)力干預(yù),處處彰顯著當(dāng)?shù)厝俗詮?qiáng)不息的奮斗精神和開闊的國際眼界,其發(fā)達(dá)的工商業(yè)和教育事業(yè)更是民國倡導(dǎo)“實(shí)業(yè)救國”與“教育救國”思想的具體實(shí)踐。然而,1937年爆發(fā)的中日戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中斷了中國近代化的步伐,也損毀了無錫半個(gè)世紀(jì)以來的發(fā)展成果,其戰(zhàn)前發(fā)達(dá)的工商業(yè)毀壞殆盡,教育事業(yè)更是受到重創(chuàng)。 淪陷八年,無錫先后處于日方勢(shì)力、地方勢(shì)力、偽維新政府、汪偽政府勢(shì)力的控制下,在以上勢(shì)力無法觸及的廣大鄉(xiāng)村地區(qū)還有國共兩黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的地下武裝力量和民眾自發(fā)組織的抗日力量。各方力量圍繞侵略和反侵略進(jìn)行了多番較量,其在教育領(lǐng)域內(nèi)的對(duì)抗體現(xiàn)為對(duì)無錫教育權(quán)的激烈爭(zhēng)奪。教育權(quán)爭(zhēng)奪的核心是對(duì)青年人才的爭(zhēng)奪。 各方勢(shì)力在爭(zhēng)奪無錫教育權(quán)問題上可分為兩派,一派是試圖推行奴化教育的勢(shì)力,包括日本以及在其操縱下成立的偽政權(quán)；另一派則是反抗日本奴化教育的力量,包括中共和國民黨秘密組織以及地方愛國人士自發(fā)開展的教育活動(dòng)。在兩大陣營的斗爭(zhēng)中,反奴化教育工作的開展極具風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和困難,但也收到了積極的效果,是抗日戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的重要組成部分,其工作人員的態(tài)度和勇氣是中華民族的寶貴財(cái)富,也是中華文化優(yōu)越性的重要體現(xiàn)。在建設(shè)社會(huì)主義和諧文化的今天,研究反奴化教育仍具有重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。
[Abstract]:Wuxi is known as "Little Shanghai" in the Republic of China. Few foreign forces intervened in the process of modernization in Wuxi, showing everywhere the spirit of self-improvement of the local people and an open international perspective. Its developed industry and commerce and education are the concrete practice of the Republic of China advocating "industrial saving the country" and "education saving the country". However, the Sino-Japanese war broke out in 1937 interrupted the pace of China's modernization and destroyed the development achievements of Wuxi for half a century. The developed industry and commerce before the war were destroyed and education was severely damaged. For eight years, Wuxi has been under the control of Japanese forces, local forces, the pseudo-reform government, and Wang's pseudo-government. In the vast rural areas that these forces cannot reach, there are underground armed forces led by the Kuomintang and Communist Party and anti-Japanese forces organized spontaneously by the people. The confrontation in the field of education is reflected in the fierce struggle for the right to education in Wuxi. The core of the right to education is the competition for young talents. The forces of all sides can be divided into two groups on the issue of the right to education in Wuxi. One is the forces trying to promote the education of enslavement, including Japan and the false regime set up under its control; Another group is the resistance to Japanese enslavement education, including secret organizations of the Communist Party of China and the Kuomintang, as well as voluntary educational activities by local patriots. In the struggle between the two camps, the development of anti-slavery education is extremely risky and difficult, but it has also received positive results and is an important part of the War of Resistance against Japan, and the attitude and courage of its staff members are the precious wealth of the Chinese nation. It is also an important embodiment of the superiority of Chinese culture. In the construction of socialist harmonious culture today, the study of anti-slavery education is still of great practical significance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：K265;G639.29

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