確立新制度：晚清新式郵政再研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-12-20 09:37
【摘要】：郵政作為現代國家通訊系統的重要組成部分,在人們的日常生活中發(fā)揮了重要的作用。近代中國的新式郵政起源于西人掌控的海關組織內部。雖然晚清社會在改革的浪潮中,不斷充斥著新舊體制的嬗變,但新制度確立的道路似乎總不那么平坦。晚清郵政制度的確立不僅是新式海關努力引進的結果,同時也要看到清政府積極參與的身影。新式海關最初把郵政作為其一個下屬機構來監(jiān)管,給予其資金、人員上的支持。截止到1911年關郵分離,海關憑借自身強大的實力幫助晚清郵政構建了完善的郵政網絡和組織制度,戰(zhàn)勝了驛站、客郵、民信局等勁敵。晚清政府及一些開明人士通過開辦文報局、改驛歸郵等嘗試,企圖建立受清政府掌控的近代郵政系統,盡管這種嘗試都以失敗而告終。1896年清政府正式降旨開辦郵政,雖然主導權仍在海關手中,但政府在政策、法律、財政上的支持則不斷宣示著新式郵政已經是個政府機構。本文旨在從新式郵政與舊式的通信系統網絡和社會關系網絡間的互動交流方面來論述近代郵政的確立過程,并且在論述的過程中,充分關注新式海關和清政府這兩個主導者各自的行動。
[Abstract]:As an important part of modern national communication system, postal service plays an important role in people's daily life. The new postal service of modern China originated from the customs organization controlled by the western people. Although the late Qing Dynasty society was filled with the evolution of the old and new systems in the tide of reform, the road to the establishment of the new system always seemed to be not so smooth. The establishment of the postal system in the late Qing Dynasty was not only the result of the introduction of the new customs, but also the active participation of the Qing government. The new customs initially supervised the postal service as a subsidiary, giving it financial and personnel support. By 1911, customs had helped the post of late Qing Dynasty to build a perfect postal network and organizational system by virtue of its own strong strength, and had defeated the arch-rivals such as post station, passenger post, and people's trust office. The late Qing government and some enlightened people tried to set up a modern postal system under the control of the Qing government by setting up a communication bureau, changing post posts, and so on, although all such attempts ended in failure. In 1896, the Qing government officially downgraded and opened the postal service. While customs still holds the lead, the government's policy, legal and financial support continues to proclaim that the new postal service is already a government agency. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the establishment process of modern postal service from the interactive communication between the new postal service and the old communication system network and social relations network, and in the process of the discussion, Full attention to the new customs and the Qing government, the two leaders of their respective actions.
【學位授予單位】：廈門大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：D691;K252
本文編號：2387806
[Abstract]:As an important part of modern national communication system, postal service plays an important role in people's daily life. The new postal service of modern China originated from the customs organization controlled by the western people. Although the late Qing Dynasty society was filled with the evolution of the old and new systems in the tide of reform, the road to the establishment of the new system always seemed to be not so smooth. The establishment of the postal system in the late Qing Dynasty was not only the result of the introduction of the new customs, but also the active participation of the Qing government. The new customs initially supervised the postal service as a subsidiary, giving it financial and personnel support. By 1911, customs had helped the post of late Qing Dynasty to build a perfect postal network and organizational system by virtue of its own strong strength, and had defeated the arch-rivals such as post station, passenger post, and people's trust office. The late Qing government and some enlightened people tried to set up a modern postal system under the control of the Qing government by setting up a communication bureau, changing post posts, and so on, although all such attempts ended in failure. In 1896, the Qing government officially downgraded and opened the postal service. While customs still holds the lead, the government's policy, legal and financial support continues to proclaim that the new postal service is already a government agency. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the establishment process of modern postal service from the interactive communication between the new postal service and the old communication system network and social relations network, and in the process of the discussion, Full attention to the new customs and the Qing government, the two leaders of their respective actions.
【學位授予單位】：廈門大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：D691;K252
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