【摘要】：中東鐵路與東蒙古地區(qū)的關系問題不僅僅是中俄關系和沙俄侵略蒙古地區(qū)史的組成部分,也是內蒙古近代發(fā)展史上的一個特殊階段的研究課題。它的內容包括中東鐵路的修建、運營及主權演變和東蒙古地區(qū)社會變遷的過程。本文利用中外各種基本史料中有關中俄交涉和國際關系的資料,力求從更為客觀的視角和多元的框架來審視和重現(xiàn)這段多種因素交織,多種層次重疊和多種史實共存的歷史。 全文正文由五個部分組成。 第一章,“中東鐵路的建設與當時的東蒙古”；對中東鐵路的勘察測量、動工興建到中東鐵路公司、華俄道勝銀行的產生以及與其對應建立的東三省鐵路鐵路交涉局等作了概略的記述。而重點則是對中東鐵路經(jīng)過的蒙旗境內的線路、車站、行車與客運狀況進行了詳細的研究和考證。 第二章,“中東鐵路對蒙旗權益的侵奪”；主要分析研究中東鐵路公司通過與清政府、吉黑兩省和呼倫貝爾蒙旗簽訂的種種不平等“條約”、“合同”攫取的占地、開礦、伐木、漁捕等特權、專權和優(yōu)先權,同時探討鐵路公司超出規(guī)定范圍侵占和掠奪蒙旗各種資源的過程。 第三章,“中東鐵路與東蒙古的畜牧業(yè)、農業(yè)及工商業(yè)”；主要論述的問題有：首先,大批俄國人進入鐵路沿線東蒙古地區(qū)經(jīng)營牧場和各種加工制造業(yè),改變了原有的畜牧業(yè)經(jīng)濟結構的同時帶來了防疫、畜牧改良措施和近代工業(yè)管理模式和技術設備。其次,大量中國內地移民進入和進行開墾使東蒙古地區(qū)的社會矛盾更為復雜和加劇。再次,中俄在蒙古地區(qū)傳統(tǒng)貿易的性質發(fā)生了變化,海拉爾、滿洲里等車站成為農畜產品集散中心。工商業(yè)的發(fā)展刺激了新興城鎮(zhèn)的興起。 第四章,“中東鐵路與東蒙古地區(qū)的政治、軍事、文化活動”,首先提出俄國派駐護路軍實際上造成局部軍事占領的結論。其次,烏泰俄債案為例論述了沙俄通過道勝銀行,將其政治經(jīng)濟勢力滲透到各蒙旗的行為。再次,對與中東鐵路直接或間接有關的呼倫貝爾和烏泰、巴布扎布的“獨立”“自治”運動進行了更深層次的研究。 第五章,“中東鐵路與東蒙古地區(qū)的國際競爭”主要以中東鐵路的修建、日俄三次《密約》、美國的“門戶開放政策”和“中東路事件”等為實例,論述了圍繞中東鐵路的國際國內斗爭對東蒙古地區(qū)的影響以及最后將中東鐵路售賣給日偽的過程。
[Abstract]:The relationship between Middle East Railway and East Mongolia is not only a part of Sino-Russian relations and the history of Russian aggression against Mongolia, but also a special research topic in the history of modern development of Inner Mongolia. Its contents include the construction, operation and sovereignty evolution of Middle East railway and the process of social change in East Mongolia. This paper makes use of the data of Sino-Russian negotiations and international relations from all kinds of basic historical materials of China and foreign countries, and tries to examine and reproduce the history of the coexistence of various factors, overlapping levels and historical facts from a more objective angle of view and a pluralistic framework. The text consists of five parts. Chapter one, "Middle East Railway Construction and East Mongolia at that time"; The survey and survey of the Middle East Railway, the construction of the Middle East Railway Corporation, the emergence of the Hua-Russia Daosheng Bank and the railway negotiation bureau of the three provinces corresponding to it are briefly described. The emphasis is on the route, station, traffic and passenger transportation of the Middle East Railway. The second chapter, "the Middle East railway encroaches on the Mongolian flag rights and interests"; Mainly analyzing and studying the Middle East Railway Company through the various unequal "treaties" signed with the Qing Government, Jilin and Black provinces and Hulunbeir Banner, the "contract" to seize land, mining, logging, fishing and other privileges, monopoly and priority. At the same time, the paper discusses the process of railway company encroaching on and plundering all kinds of resources of Mongolian flag beyond the prescribed scope. Chapter three, "Middle East Railway and Animal Husbandry, Agriculture, Industry and Commerce in Eastern Mongolia"; The main problems discussed are as follows: first, a large number of Russians entered the East Mongolia region along the railway line to run pastures and various processing manufacturing industries, which changed the original animal husbandry economic structure and brought about epidemic prevention at the same time. Animal husbandry improvement measures and modern industrial management model and technical equipment. Secondly, a large number of mainland Chinese immigrants entering and reclaiming make the social contradictions in East Mongolia more complicated and intensified. Third, the nature of traditional trade between China and Russia in Mongolia has changed, Hailar, Manzhouli and other stations have become agricultural and livestock products distribution center. The development of industry and commerce stimulated the rise of new towns. Chapter four, "the Middle East Railway and the political, military and Cultural activities of the Eastern Mongolia region", first puts forward the conclusion that the Russian army stationed on the road actually caused the partial military occupation. Secondly, the Utai-Russian debt case discusses the behavior of Russia infiltrating its political and economic forces into every Mongolian flag through the Daosheng Bank. Thirdly, the "independence" and "autonomy" movement of Hulunbeir, Utay and Babzab, which are directly or indirectly related to the Middle East Railway, are studied in a deeper level. Chapter five, "International Competition between Middle East Railway and East Mongolia", mainly takes the construction of Middle East Railway, three times of "secret treaty" between Japan and Russia, "Open door Policy" and "Middle East Road incident" of the United States as examples. This paper discusses the influence of the international and domestic struggle around the Middle East Railway on the East Mongolia region and the process of selling the Middle East Railway to the Japanese puppet.
【學位授予單位】：內蒙古大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：K251

【引證文獻】

相關博士學位論文 前2條

1 穆丹萍;近代哈爾濱地區(qū)俄國企業(yè)研究（1898-1926）[D];東北師范大學;2012年

2 斯欽巴圖;東蒙古殖民地社會與文化的變動（1931-1945）[D];內蒙古大學;2013年

相關碩士學位論文 前1條

1 李志遠;清代呼倫貝爾地區(qū)中俄邊境若干問題研究[D];內蒙古大學;2013年

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本文編號：2356513