日本對皖南鐵礦區(qū)的控制與掠奪(1912-1945)
[Abstract]:The southern Anhui iron ore area is located in the south of the Yangtze River in Anhui Province, mainly distributed in three counties of Dangtu, Fanchang and Tongling. It is the region with the most iron ore reserves in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River in China. Since the Republic of China, it has become the raw material origin of Japan for a long time. According to the different ways of Japanese control and plunder, this paper divides them into three stages: the period of market control, the period of military occupation, the period of Sino-Japanese joint company: during the first World War, Yufan, Baoxing of the iron ore area in southern Anhui Province, Five commercial enterprises, such as Zhenye, were stimulated by the soaring international iron ore prices and became an important iron ore mining company in China at that time. After World War I, iron prices quickly fell back, companies were in trouble because of lack of funds, weak technology and the saturation of demand caused by domestic steel industry backwardness. At this time, in order to protect the ore demand of its domestic steel production, Japan traded Japanese loans in exchange for the signing of strict sand sales contracts by Anhui Iron Enterprises. Yufan first signed a loan-sand contract with Japanese merchants and developed rapidly, which aroused strong dissatisfaction in southern Anhui society. However, under the pressure of Japanese diplomacy and military, the Chinese finally compromised. Other Anhui iron enterprises have also signed similar contracts with Japanese merchants one after another, resulting in the iron ore area in southern Anhui being controlled by Japan by economic means before the outbreak of the Sino-Japanese total war. After the Sino-Japanese War broke out in 1937, the iron ore area in southern Anhui quickly fell under the military management of the Japanese army in Central China. During the period of military administration, the Japanese troops not only directly transported back the ore stored in the pre-war mining area, but also carried out a large-scale investigation of the mining area, and began to prepare the Huazhong Iron Mine Company, which specializes in mineral exploitation. In November 1938, Huazhong Iron Mine Company was founded on the basis of the secret agreement signed between Japan and the pseudo-Reformin Government, and the Southern Anhui Iron Mine region entered into the stage of Sino-Japanese joint venture. Japan's economic policy in China has matured since the Sino-Japanese War entered the stage of confrontation. In order to strengthen the economic control of Central China occupied area, Japan's "State Policy Company"-Huazhong Zhenxing Company began to control the whole Central China occupied area economy. As its subsidiary, Huazhong Iron Mine Company was reorganized into Huazhong Mining Company due to the expansion of its scope of business. After the establishment of the company, the equipment of various mines and original iron ore enterprises in Wannan iron ore area was invested by the Japanese side in the form of "cash contribution", which was divided into three mining institutes, Taochong, Ma'anshan and Taiping. The articles of association of Huazhong Mining Company have been revised several times. Although the ownership of mineral rights is unsatisfactory, Japan has made remarkable achievements in ore mining. By the end of the war, Japan's defeat in the Pacific had made it harder for Huazhong mining companies to export iron ore. Affected by this, the company collapsed and was sent to the national government after Japan's defeat and surrender. In a word, the iron ore area of southern Anhui province was controlled by this for more than 30 years from the period of World War I to the victory of the War of Resistance against Japan in 1945. The long time and the large amount of plunder have become the worst disaster areas under the plundering policy of Japan. In the process of resource plunder, Japan's economic aggression was closely combined with military affairs, and under the deception of the so-called "Sino-Japanese joint venture" company, the exploitation of Wannan iron ore was in essence a typical colonial plunder, which not only seriously destroyed the ore deposits in the mining area. And Chinese miners were killed and injured, resulting in a "man for mine" human tragedy.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:南京師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2016
【分類號】:K26
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