中共對(duì)于國(guó)民黨北伐的態(tài)度及其演變
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-09-15 19:50
【摘要】：1920年代的北伐是孫中山和國(guó)民黨將革命由南方向北方發(fā)展,以統(tǒng)一中國(guó)和實(shí)行民主政治為目的,帶有反帝反封的革命意義的軍事行動(dòng)。中共立足于國(guó)共合作,對(duì)孫中山和歷次北伐都表明自己的支持或反對(duì)態(tài)度,對(duì)北伐產(chǎn)生了重要影響與作用。大體說(shuō)來(lái),中共對(duì)于北伐的態(tài)度是不斷變化的,經(jīng)歷了由分歧走向統(tǒng)一的演變過(guò)程。在黨內(nèi),中共主要領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人、地方黨組織以及中共中央在對(duì)待國(guó)民黨北伐問(wèn)題上曾存在一定分歧,后在共產(chǎn)國(guó)際的影響與國(guó)民黨的壓力下,中共的北伐態(tài)度趨于比較一致�？傮w上說(shuō),初期中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨反對(duì)北伐,之后隨著國(guó)內(nèi)形勢(shì)的發(fā)展,中共轉(zhuǎn)而改變態(tài)度,積極主張北伐。到了后期,由于“中山艦”事件和“整理黨務(wù)案”,中共領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人對(duì)北伐曾一度采取消極的態(tài)度,但是隨著革命形勢(shì)繼續(xù)發(fā)展,中共最終統(tǒng)一認(rèn)識(shí),繼續(xù)支持北伐。 中共對(duì)于北伐的態(tài)度及其演變,主要受到共產(chǎn)國(guó)際和國(guó)民黨的雙重影響。在共產(chǎn)國(guó)際方面,不僅有民主集中的組織原則,而且有共產(chǎn)國(guó)際在中國(guó)的機(jī)構(gòu)或駐中國(guó)代表直接影響和指導(dǎo)中共開(kāi)展國(guó)民革命。在國(guó)民黨方面,不僅有國(guó)民黨的報(bào)刊輿論對(duì)中共進(jìn)行批評(píng),而且有共產(chǎn)國(guó)際代表同時(shí)擔(dān)任國(guó)民黨政治顧問(wèn)的鮑羅廷施加影響于中共。因此中共對(duì)于北伐的態(tài)度演變是圍繞著共產(chǎn)國(guó)際的策略變化及國(guó)民黨方面的要求而演變。由此在中共黨內(nèi)出現(xiàn)了右傾和機(jī)會(huì)主義錯(cuò)誤。當(dāng)然,中共對(duì)于北伐的態(tài)度,也一定程度上影響著共產(chǎn)國(guó)際的北伐決策,影響著國(guó)民黨的軍事行動(dòng),對(duì)北伐戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)也有重要影響。中共在對(duì)待北伐問(wèn)題上亦存在著重大的不足與失誤,這給中共以極其深刻的經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn),促使中共逐步認(rèn)識(shí)到中國(guó)革命的規(guī)律,不斷走向成熟。
[Abstract]:The Northern Expedition in the 1920s was a military action that Sun Zhongshan and the Kuomintang developed the revolution from south to north with the aim of unifying China and carrying out democratic politics with the revolutionary significance of anti-imperialist and anti-feudal. Based on the cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party of China, the Communist Party of China has expressed its support or opposition to Sun Zhongshan and the previous Northern Expedition, which has had an important influence and effect on the Northern Expedition. In general, the Communist Party's attitude to the Northern Expedition is constantly changing and has undergone a process of evolution from divergence to unification. In the party, the main leaders of the CPC, the local party organizations and the CPC Central Committee had some differences on the issue of the Kuomintang Northern Expedition, but under the influence of the Comintern International and the pressure of the Kuomintang, the attitude of the Communist Party of China towards the Northern Expedition tended to be more consistent. In general, the Chinese Communist Party opposed the Northern Expedition in the early days, and then, as the domestic situation developed, the Communist Party changed its attitude and actively advocated the Northern Expedition. In the late stage, due to the "Zhongshan ship" incident and "sorting out the party affairs case," the Chinese Communist leaders once adopted a negative attitude toward the Northern Expedition, but with the continued development of the revolutionary situation, the CPC finally unified its understanding and continued to support the Northern Expedition. The attitude and evolution of the Communist Party of China toward the Northern Expedition were mainly influenced by the Comintern and the Kuomintang. In the aspect of Comintern, there is not only the organization principle of democratic centralization, but also the organization or representative of Comintern in China, which directly influences and guides the Chinese Communist Party to carry out the national revolution. On the Kuomintang side, not only did the Kuomintang press and public opinion criticize the CPC, but also the representative of Comintern, who was also the political adviser to the Kuomintang, exerted influence on the CPC. Therefore, the Communist Party's attitude toward the Northern Expedition evolved around the strategic changes of the Communist International and the demands of the Kuomintang. This led to right-leaning and opportunistic errors within the Communist Party of China. Of course, the attitude of the Chinese Communists to the Northern Expedition also influenced the decision of the Communist International in the Northern Expedition to a certain extent, affected the Kuomintang's military action, and also had an important impact on the Northern Expedition War. The Communist Party of China also has great shortcomings and mistakes in dealing with the issue of the Northern Expedition, which gives the CPC extremely profound experience and lessons, and urges the CPC to gradually recognize the laws of the Chinese revolution and to continue to mature.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湘潭大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：K262
本文編號(hào)：2244340
[Abstract]:The Northern Expedition in the 1920s was a military action that Sun Zhongshan and the Kuomintang developed the revolution from south to north with the aim of unifying China and carrying out democratic politics with the revolutionary significance of anti-imperialist and anti-feudal. Based on the cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party of China, the Communist Party of China has expressed its support or opposition to Sun Zhongshan and the previous Northern Expedition, which has had an important influence and effect on the Northern Expedition. In general, the Communist Party's attitude to the Northern Expedition is constantly changing and has undergone a process of evolution from divergence to unification. In the party, the main leaders of the CPC, the local party organizations and the CPC Central Committee had some differences on the issue of the Kuomintang Northern Expedition, but under the influence of the Comintern International and the pressure of the Kuomintang, the attitude of the Communist Party of China towards the Northern Expedition tended to be more consistent. In general, the Chinese Communist Party opposed the Northern Expedition in the early days, and then, as the domestic situation developed, the Communist Party changed its attitude and actively advocated the Northern Expedition. In the late stage, due to the "Zhongshan ship" incident and "sorting out the party affairs case," the Chinese Communist leaders once adopted a negative attitude toward the Northern Expedition, but with the continued development of the revolutionary situation, the CPC finally unified its understanding and continued to support the Northern Expedition. The attitude and evolution of the Communist Party of China toward the Northern Expedition were mainly influenced by the Comintern and the Kuomintang. In the aspect of Comintern, there is not only the organization principle of democratic centralization, but also the organization or representative of Comintern in China, which directly influences and guides the Chinese Communist Party to carry out the national revolution. On the Kuomintang side, not only did the Kuomintang press and public opinion criticize the CPC, but also the representative of Comintern, who was also the political adviser to the Kuomintang, exerted influence on the CPC. Therefore, the Communist Party's attitude toward the Northern Expedition evolved around the strategic changes of the Communist International and the demands of the Kuomintang. This led to right-leaning and opportunistic errors within the Communist Party of China. Of course, the attitude of the Chinese Communists to the Northern Expedition also influenced the decision of the Communist International in the Northern Expedition to a certain extent, affected the Kuomintang's military action, and also had an important impact on the Northern Expedition War. The Communist Party of China also has great shortcomings and mistakes in dealing with the issue of the Northern Expedition, which gives the CPC extremely profound experience and lessons, and urges the CPC to gradually recognize the laws of the Chinese revolution and to continue to mature.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湘潭大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：K262
【引證文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條
1 劉向東;中共“一大”至“五大”黨員隊(duì)伍發(fā)展壯大的歷史考察[D];鄭州大學(xué);2012年
，本文編號(hào)：2244340
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