進(jìn)步黨分合研究（1911-1916）
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-09-10 18:41
【摘要】：民國(guó)初年大小政黨林立,隨著政黨政治的發(fā)展逐漸有合并之勢(shì)。進(jìn)步黨由統(tǒng)一黨、共和黨、民主黨合并而成�！胺�(wěn)健主義”與“政治對(duì)抗力”是進(jìn)步黨意識(shí)形態(tài)的核心,也是促成三黨合并的重要因素�？琰h黨員在三黨合并過(guò)程中,扮演協(xié)調(diào)員或聯(lián)絡(luò)員的角色,政治精英集團(tuán)的努力將三黨合并變?yōu)槭聦?shí)。然而受政事影響,三黨合并的過(guò)程充滿了變數(shù)。三黨合并的順序不得不適時(shí)調(diào)整,又受“兩黨提攜”挑戰(zhàn),使三黨合并的進(jìn)程異常緩慢、屢陷停頓。而眾議院的選舉推進(jìn)三黨合并,“宋案”、“大借款”、“中俄蒙古條約”重大政事使三黨合并橫生枝節(jié)。民主黨對(duì)進(jìn)步黨職位的要求,使共和黨大為不滿,從而使三黨合并風(fēng)波再起。加之,三黨內(nèi)部所含的分裂因素,使進(jìn)步黨一開(kāi)始就建立在極不穩(wěn)固的基礎(chǔ)上,并導(dǎo)致進(jìn)步黨后來(lái)的分裂與解散。進(jìn)步黨分裂原因如下:從進(jìn)步黨內(nèi)部來(lái)說(shuō),進(jìn)步黨意識(shí)形態(tài)不夠完整;只重視精英,不重視群眾;注重上層建筑結(jié)構(gòu),其后又參與組閣,因權(quán)力分配不均,分裂為“內(nèi)閣派”與“國(guó)會(huì)派”;政黨領(lǐng)袖也至關(guān)重要,作為該黨黨魁的梁?jiǎn)⒊瑳](méi)有發(fā)揮應(yīng)有的調(diào)和鼎鼐作用,應(yīng)負(fù)一定的責(zé)任。特殊黨員政治身份的變動(dòng),注重政務(wù)、忽視黨務(wù),對(duì)進(jìn)步黨的分裂產(chǎn)生了重要的影響。以上各因素都以時(shí)勢(shì)為轉(zhuǎn)移,時(shí)局一變,牽動(dòng)各因素變動(dòng),或者良性的發(fā)展或者惡性的衰亡。民初建立以民主法治為基礎(chǔ)的新秩序受到時(shí)間和政治環(huán)境的制約,武人政治強(qiáng)盛,文人政治衰落,“不黨主義”的輿論影響、國(guó)民政治觀念尚未形成等因素導(dǎo)致進(jìn)步黨的分裂與解散。進(jìn)步黨的分合過(guò)程,便很好的從斷裂的層面揭示了民初政黨發(fā)展過(guò)程中所遇到的良機(jī)與阻礙。
[Abstract]:In the early years of the Republic of China, political parties, big and small, gradually merged with the development of party politics. The Progressive Party is formed by the merger of the United Party, the Republican Party and the Democratic Party. "conservatism" and "political confrontation" are the core of Progressive Party ideology and an important factor to promote the integration of the three parties. The cross-party members play the role of coordinator or liaison in the process of three-party amalgamation, and the efforts of the political elite turn the three parties into reality. However, under the influence of government, the process of three-party amalgamation is full of variables. The order of the three-party amalgamation has to be adjusted at the right time and challenged by the "two parties", which makes the process of the three-party amalgamation extremely slow and stalled again and again. The election of the House of Representatives promoted the integration of the three parties, the Song case, the "big loan", and the major political affairs of the Sino-Russian Treaty of Mongolia, which led to the merger of the three parties. The Democratic Party's demands for a Progressive Party position have made the Republican Party angry, thus reviving the three-party merger. In addition, the internal division of the three parties led to the initial establishment of the Progressive Party on a highly unstable basis, which led to the subsequent division and dissolution of the Progressive Party. The reasons for the split of the Progressive Party are as follows: within the Progressive Party, the ideology of the Progressive Party is not complete; it only attaches importance to the elite, not the masses; it pays attention to the superstructure and then participates in the formation of the cabinet, as a result of the uneven distribution of power. As the leader of the party, Liang Qichao, as the leader of the party, did not play his due role and should bear certain responsibilities. The change of political identity of special party members, paying attention to government affairs and neglecting party affairs have had an important influence on the division of progressive party. All of the above factors are shifted by the current situation, the situation changes, affect the factors change, or benign development or malignant decline. In the early days of the Republic of China, the establishment of a new order based on democracy and rule of law was restricted by time and political environment. National political concept has not yet formed and other factors leading to the split and dissolution of the Progressive Party. The process of partitioning and cooperation of the Progressive Party reveals the opportunities and obstacles encountered in the process of the development of the political parties in the early Republic of China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：K25
本文編號(hào)：2235289
[Abstract]:In the early years of the Republic of China, political parties, big and small, gradually merged with the development of party politics. The Progressive Party is formed by the merger of the United Party, the Republican Party and the Democratic Party. "conservatism" and "political confrontation" are the core of Progressive Party ideology and an important factor to promote the integration of the three parties. The cross-party members play the role of coordinator or liaison in the process of three-party amalgamation, and the efforts of the political elite turn the three parties into reality. However, under the influence of government, the process of three-party amalgamation is full of variables. The order of the three-party amalgamation has to be adjusted at the right time and challenged by the "two parties", which makes the process of the three-party amalgamation extremely slow and stalled again and again. The election of the House of Representatives promoted the integration of the three parties, the Song case, the "big loan", and the major political affairs of the Sino-Russian Treaty of Mongolia, which led to the merger of the three parties. The Democratic Party's demands for a Progressive Party position have made the Republican Party angry, thus reviving the three-party merger. In addition, the internal division of the three parties led to the initial establishment of the Progressive Party on a highly unstable basis, which led to the subsequent division and dissolution of the Progressive Party. The reasons for the split of the Progressive Party are as follows: within the Progressive Party, the ideology of the Progressive Party is not complete; it only attaches importance to the elite, not the masses; it pays attention to the superstructure and then participates in the formation of the cabinet, as a result of the uneven distribution of power. As the leader of the party, Liang Qichao, as the leader of the party, did not play his due role and should bear certain responsibilities. The change of political identity of special party members, paying attention to government affairs and neglecting party affairs have had an important influence on the division of progressive party. All of the above factors are shifted by the current situation, the situation changes, affect the factors change, or benign development or malignant decline. In the early days of the Republic of China, the establishment of a new order based on democracy and rule of law was restricted by time and political environment. National political concept has not yet formed and other factors leading to the split and dissolution of the Progressive Party. The process of partitioning and cooperation of the Progressive Party reveals the opportunities and obstacles encountered in the process of the development of the political parties in the early Republic of China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：K25
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