【摘要】：林紹年是清末時(shí)期一位比較有清譽(yù)的官員,曾任滇、黔、桂、豫四省巡撫,軍機(jī)大臣等,也兼署過(guò)云貴總督。 林紹年任巡撫和軍機(jī)大臣時(shí),正是清末新政時(shí)期。林紹年對(duì)新政持比較積極的態(tài)度:他是第一個(gè)在上奏中明確提出君主立憲的地方督撫,也積極支持了轄區(qū)內(nèi)的國(guó)會(huì)請(qǐng)?jiān)高\(yùn)動(dòng)。他積極實(shí)施“開(kāi)官智”,先后開(kāi)辦了廣西政法講習(xí)所和河南法政學(xué)堂。在對(duì)外關(guān)系上,他主張“聯(lián)日抗俄”,收回東北,南防法國(guó),明確指出“無(wú)論聯(lián)俄、聯(lián)英、聯(lián)美,皆不可恃”,要求清政府積極改革。他積極實(shí)踐教育救國(guó)的思想,努力發(fā)展任職地方的教育事業(yè),一方面大規(guī)模的派遣留學(xué)生,另一方面努力興建新式學(xué)堂,培養(yǎng)新政所需的各種人才。他主張幣制改革,要求仿制銅元,堅(jiān)持銀本位制,鑄造銀元。他對(duì)新軍的編練、綠營(yíng)的裁汰、團(tuán)營(yíng)的編練,警察的設(shè)立等進(jìn)行了嘗試,并且重視提高軍官素質(zhì),大力派遣軍事留學(xué)生,設(shè)立各類(lèi)軍事學(xué)堂。他積極實(shí)行獄政改革,建立模范監(jiān)獄,裁撤紅差店、創(chuàng)設(shè)新羈所等。 林紹年通過(guò)自己的努力,推動(dòng)了所任地方新政的實(shí)施,為轄區(qū)特別是滇、黔、桂等偏遠(yuǎn)地方邁向近代,起了重要促進(jìn)作用。但另一方面,由于受到社會(huì)歷史條件和自身?xiàng)l件的限制,他的新政思想和作為,也不可避免的存在一定的局限性。
[Abstract]:Lin Shao-nien was a famous official in the late Qing Dynasty. He served as governor of Yunnan, Guizhou, Guangxi and Henan provinces, military aircraft minister, etc., and also served as governor of Yunnan, Guizhou, Guangxi and Henan provinces. When Lin Shao-nien was governor and minister of military aircraft, it was the late Qing Dynasty. Lin Shao-nien had a more positive attitude toward the New deal: he was the first local governor to explicitly propose a constitutional monarchy in the upper stage, and he also actively supported the Congressional petition movement in the jurisdiction. He actively implemented "opening officials and wisdom," and opened successively Guangxi political Law Institute and Henan School of Jurisprudence. In terms of foreign relations, he advocated "joining Japan against Russia," recovering the Northeast and defending France from the south, and clearly pointed out that "neither Russia, Britain, nor the United States can rely on it," and demanded that the Qing government should actively reform. He actively practiced the idea of education to save the country and made great efforts to develop the educational undertakings in the places where he held office. On the one hand, he sent overseas students on a large scale, on the other hand, he worked hard to build new schools and cultivate all kinds of talents needed by the New deal. He advocated the reform of the currency system, called for the imitation of copper yuan, adhere to the silver standard system, cast silver yuan. He tried to make up the new army, cut out the green battalion, train the regiment, set up the police, and attach importance to improving the quality of the officers, sending the military students abroad and setting up all kinds of military schools. He actively implemented prison reform, the establishment of model prisons, the abolition of red shops, the creation of new detention. Through his own efforts, Lin Shao-nien promoted the implementation of the new local policies, which played an important role in promoting the development of modern times in remote areas such as Yunnan, Guizhou and Guangxi. On the other hand, due to the limitation of social and historical conditions and his own conditions, his New deal thought and action inevitably have certain limitations.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：K257

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