本文選題：軍票 + 抗日戰(zhàn)爭��； 參考：《廣西師范大學(xué)》2010年碩士論文

【摘要】： 軍票是日本政府為了解決戰(zhàn)爭費(fèi)用而發(fā)行的一種特殊貨幣。它在被允許在日軍的占領(lǐng)區(qū)使用,當(dāng)流回國內(nèi)時需要先兌換成日元才能使用。日軍在占領(lǐng)區(qū)的軍費(fèi)中,除軍隊的薪水之外都可以用軍票支付。具體來說,在占領(lǐng)區(qū)征集糧食、布匹,雇傭當(dāng)?shù)匕傩招拗な�、運(yùn)輸補(bǔ)給等都用軍票支付。在抗日戰(zhàn)爭時期,它還是日本方面打擊法幣的重要武器。 日本政府第一次試圖使用軍票是在甲午戰(zhàn)爭的時候。由于日本大藏省提出發(fā)行軍票時,戰(zhàn)局已定,清政府準(zhǔn)備求和。軍票沒有大規(guī)模使用,只在侵占臺灣的派遣軍中使用。在隨后的歷次對外戰(zhàn)爭中,日本都有發(fā)行使用過軍票。包括日俄戰(zhàn)爭、以對德宣戰(zhàn)為名侵占青島的戰(zhàn)爭、出兵西伯利亞作戰(zhàn)、1937年中日戰(zhàn)爭、太平洋戰(zhàn)爭等。 在1937年以前的歷次戰(zhàn)爭中,日本軍票只作為征發(fā)票證而使用,行使諸如“軍隊官兵薪水支出以外的開支”。在中日戰(zhàn)爭轉(zhuǎn)入持久戰(zhàn)以后,在中國派遣軍的要求下,從1938年11月到1943年4月間,軍票作為日占區(qū)一般通貨使用。這是日本軍票史上的頂峰時期。 縱觀日本軍票史,日本在中國發(fā)行使用的軍票為數(shù)最多。抗日戰(zhàn)爭前,中國以白銀作為基本貨幣,日本使用軍票可謂隨心用手。1935年11月,國民政府實行法幣改革,中國脫離重金屬貨幣時代。這讓中國有了對抗日本軍票的武器。因為各種各樣的原因,法幣能夠在抗戰(zhàn)最艱苦的時候保持其作為貨幣的價值。這是國人之大幸,卻是日本軍票的噩夢。 抗日戰(zhàn)爭時期,雖然日本方面采取了各種措施,試圖維持軍票價值,鞏固軍票作為日占區(qū)一般通貨的地位。但是,一方面由于遇到法幣的阻擊;另一方面則是因為日本資源、國力有限,加上中國的抵抗,日本無法從根本上穩(wěn)定軍票價值,最后軍票不得不退出歷史舞臺。
[Abstract]:Military tickets are a special currency issued by the Japanese government to settle the cost of the war. It is allowed to be used in Japanese occupation, and it needs to be converted into yen before it can be used when it flows home. The Japanese military in the occupied areas, except for the salaries of the army can be paid with military tickets. Specifically, collecting grain, cloth, employing local people to build fortifications, transporting supplies and so on in the occupied territories are paid with military tickets. During the War of Resistance against Japan, it was also an important weapon against the French dollar. The Japanese government first tried to use military tickets during the Sino-Japanese War. As Japan's Ministry of Tibet proposed to issue military tickets, the war situation has been decided, the Qing government is ready to seek peace. Military tickets are not used on a large scale, but only in dispatch troops occupying Taiwan. In subsequent foreign wars, Japan issued military tickets. Including the Japan-Russian War, the war of invading Qingdao in the name of declaring war against Germany, sending troops to fight in Siberia, the Sino-Japanese War in 1937, the War of the Pacific, and so on. In previous wars before 1937, the Japanese military tickets were used only for the purpose of issuing tickets. Exercise, for example, "expenses other than salary expenses for officers and soldiers in the army". After the Sino-Japanese War turned into a protracted war, at the request of Chinese troops, from November 1938 to April 1943, military tickets were used as the general currency of the Japanese-occupied area. This is the pinnacle of Japan's military ticket history, where Japan has the largest number of military tickets issued in China. Before the War of Resistance against Japan, China took silver as the basic currency, and Japan used military tickets as its hand. In November 1935, the National Government carried out the reform of the law, leaving China out of the era of heavy metal currency. This gives China a weapon against the Japanese. For a variety of reasons, the dollar was able to maintain its value as a currency in the toughest days of the War of Resistance. This is a great blessing for Chinese people, but a nightmare for Japanese military votes. During the War of Resistance against Japan, although the Japanese side took various measures to maintain the value of military tickets and consolidate their status as the general currency of the Japanese-occupied area. However, on the one hand, due to the obstruction of the law, on the other hand, because of Japan's resources, limited national strength, and China's resistance, Japan was unable to fundamentally stabilize the value of the military ticket, and finally, the military ticket had to withdraw from the historical stage.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：K265

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 劉麗杰;新中國河北省糧票研究（1954-1966）[D];河北師范大學(xué);2013年

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本文編號：1986099