發(fā)布時間：2018-05-31 03:28

  本文選題：新桂系 + 三自政策　； 參考：《廣西師范大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：本文以二十世紀三十年代新桂系在廣西鄉(xiāng)村推行基層干部政策為研究對象,以期對新桂系制定基層干部政策的理論、內(nèi)容、影響、以及歷史地位進行深入的研究,以了解當(dāng)時基層干部政策的特點以及對廣西鄉(xiāng)村社會的影響。本文認為新桂系在廣大鄉(xiāng)村推行的基層干部政策,其主觀上是為加強其對鄉(xiāng)村地區(qū)的控制,以鞏固自身統(tǒng)治,防止了蔣介石和共產(chǎn)黨對廣西的滲透,但客觀上促進了廣西鄉(xiāng)村社會發(fā)展。它實行的干部政策也是在當(dāng)時南京國民政府統(tǒng)治中首屈一指的,在當(dāng)時無疑具有一定的進步性。 首先,新桂系推行基層干部政策是以重建鄉(xiāng)村行政體系開始,在鄉(xiāng)村地區(qū)進行鄉(xiāng)村行政編組,把廣西縣以下地區(qū)劃分為鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)村街組織,集公所、民團、學(xué)校為一體構(gòu)建,把新桂系勢力滲入鄉(xiāng)村社會,為新桂系推行基層干部政策打下了很好的基礎(chǔ)。 其次,廣西當(dāng)局以“三自政策”和《廣西建設(shè)綱領(lǐng)》為理論基礎(chǔ)來武裝基層干部,并提出“行新政,用新人”的口號,這些理論為廣西推行基層干部政策奠定了理論基礎(chǔ)。 再次,從基層干部來源入手,以年齡和學(xué)歷為標準,選拔大量的年輕知識分子擔(dān)任基層干部,并對他們進行培訓(xùn),以加強對他們的控制,這些鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)干部改變了鄉(xiāng)村領(lǐng)袖群體結(jié)構(gòu),廣西當(dāng)局給基層干部發(fā)一定的薪水,以保障他們的生活,再加以工作考核,打擊鄉(xiāng)村土豪劣紳,提高社會地位,調(diào)動了他們工作的積極性。事實上基層干部已經(jīng)成為國家正式公務(wù)員。這大大提過了新桂系行政效率。但我們應(yīng)該注意到官僚體制也隨之帶入到鄉(xiāng)村地區(qū)。以致在推行基層干部政策中,存在基層干部濫用權(quán)力現(xiàn)象,且鄉(xiāng)村行政機構(gòu)膨脹,基層干部人數(shù)的增加,無疑加重了廣西人民的負擔(dān)。 總之,新桂系推行的基層干部政策在一定程度上改變了廣西鄉(xiāng)村權(quán)力構(gòu)成,即鄉(xiāng)紳、宗族和少數(shù)民族領(lǐng)袖對鄉(xiāng)村政權(quán)控制減弱,使國家權(quán)力深入到廣大農(nóng)村地區(qū),有利于培養(yǎng)鄉(xiāng)民國家意識,盡管新桂系實行基層干部政策主觀上是以鞏固政權(quán),防止蔣介石對其滲透,但實際上推動了廣西鄉(xiāng)村社會的發(fā)展,增強廣西的地方實力,這也是在南京國民政府統(tǒng)治區(qū)域中基層干部政策推行時間最長、規(guī)模最大,推行地區(qū)最廣,影響最深遠的一次涉鄉(xiāng)村領(lǐng)袖群體的改變。
[Abstract]:This paper takes the implementation of grassroots cadre policy in Guangxi rural areas in the 1930s as the object of study, with a view to deeply studying the theory, content, influence and historical status of the formulation of grass-roots cadre policy in Xinguizi. In order to understand the characteristics of grass-roots cadres policy and the impact on rural society in Guangxi. This paper holds that the grass-roots cadre policy carried out by Xinguizi in the vast rural areas is subjectively aimed at strengthening its control over the rural areas in order to consolidate its own rule and prevent the infiltration of the Jiang Jieshi and the Communist Party into Guangxi. But it promotes the development of Guangxi rural society objectively. Its cadre policy was second to none in the Nanjing National Government at that time and was undoubtedly progressive at that time. First of all, the implementation of the grassroots cadre policy in Xinguizi is to start with the reconstruction of the rural administrative system, to organize rural administration in rural areas, and to divide the areas below the county of Guangxi into township, village and street organizations, and to set up public offices, militia groups, and schools as one body. Infiltrating the forces of the new Guangxi into the rural society has laid a good foundation for the implementation of the grassroots cadre policy. Secondly, the Guangxi authorities armed the grassroots cadres on the theoretical basis of the "three-self policy" and the "Guangxi Construction Program" and put forward the slogan of "carrying out new policies and using new people", which laid a theoretical foundation for Guangxi to carry out the policy of cadres at the grass-roots level. Thirdly, starting from the sources of grass-roots cadres, selecting a large number of young intellectuals as grass-roots cadres and training them in order to strengthen control over them, according to their age and educational background, These township cadres have changed the group structure of rural leaders, and the Guangxi authorities have given grassroots cadres a certain salary in order to ensure their livelihood, to carry out work tests, to crack down on local tyrants and evil gentry in rural areas, and to raise their social status. They were motivated to work. In fact, grassroots cadres have become official civil servants. This greatly raised the administrative efficiency of the new Guangxi. But we should pay attention to the bureaucracy brought into the rural areas. As a result, in carrying out the policy of grassroots cadres, there exists the phenomenon of abusing power of grassroots cadres, and the expansion of rural administrative institutions and the increase of the number of grass-roots cadres undoubtedly increase the burden of the people of Guangxi. In a word, the grassroots cadre policy carried out by Xinguizi has, to a certain extent, changed the composition of rural power in Guangxi. That is, the control of rural political power by the squire, clan and ethnic minority leaders has weakened, and the state power has penetrated into the vast rural areas. It is conducive to the cultivation of the national consciousness of the villagers. Although the implementation of the grassroots cadre policy in Xinguizi is subjectively aimed at consolidating political power and preventing Jiang Jieshi from infiltrating it, it actually promotes the development of rural society in Guangxi and strengthens the local strength of Guangxi. This is also the longest time, the largest scale, the most extensive area and the most far-reaching change of the rural leaders in the area ruled by the Nanjing National Government.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：D262.3;K265

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本文編號：1958108