本文選題：正式制度 + 非正式制度��； 參考：《燕山大學(xué)》2010年碩士論文

【摘要】： 任何社會(huì)秩序的維護(hù)都是正式制度與非正式制度共同作用的結(jié)果。正式制度大多是以文本形式存在的約束人們行為關(guān)系的一系列契約安排,包括政治制度、經(jīng)濟(jì)制度和組織規(guī)章等;非正式制度是人們?cè)陂L(zhǎng)期的社會(huì)交往中無意識(shí)形成并代代相傳的文化傳統(tǒng)。在社會(huì)穩(wěn)定時(shí)期,正式制度與非正式制度相互協(xié)調(diào),共同調(diào)節(jié)并穩(wěn)定社會(huì)關(guān)系;而在社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)型時(shí)期,正式制度與非正式制度之間則會(huì)出現(xiàn)“緊張”并導(dǎo)致社會(huì)秩序混亂,進(jìn)而誘發(fā)制度的變遷。本文以晚清中國(guó)社會(huì)變遷為研究的實(shí)例,用新制度經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的研究方法對(duì)文化傳統(tǒng)與正式制度的相互關(guān)系進(jìn)行研究。 本文的主要內(nèi)容分為以下三個(gè)方面: 第一部分是對(duì)制度的概念、正式制度與非正式制度的概念以及二者的之間的關(guān)系、文化轉(zhuǎn)型與制度變遷的關(guān)系等有關(guān)制度問題研究的基礎(chǔ)理論進(jìn)行的簡(jiǎn)明闡述。 第二部分論述了鴉片戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)后中國(guó)社會(huì)的變化,主要從經(jīng)濟(jì)、政治、文化等方面詳細(xì)論述晚清社會(huì)變遷的具體過程。文章具體描述了中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)中新的發(fā)展趨勢(shì),中國(guó)文化界的新變化以及知識(shí)分子中各種救國(guó)救民的思想和行動(dòng),同時(shí)也闡述了諸如戊戌變法、清末新政、預(yù)備立憲等晚清重大政治事件的原委。 第三部分詳細(xì)論述了晚清中國(guó)社會(huì)變遷中文化傳統(tǒng)與正式制度之間互動(dòng)關(guān)系。鴉片戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)后,中國(guó)社會(huì)正式制度與非正式制度之間的緊張程度明顯加深,外來的新知識(shí)、新觀念不斷傳入,新的經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)逐漸展開,在新觀念的推動(dòng)下,開國(guó)會(huì)、設(shè)議院、民主共和等也登上了中國(guó)的政治舞臺(tái)。但是,由于傳統(tǒng)文化與傳統(tǒng)政治的強(qiáng)大惰性使得這些變革最后均以失敗而告終。
[Abstract]:The maintenance of any social order is the result of the joint action of formal and informal institutions. The formal system is mostly a series of contractual arrangements, including political system, economic system and organizational regulations, which restrict the relationship between people's behavior in the form of text. Informal system is a cultural tradition formed unconsciously and handed down from generation to generation in long-term social interaction. During the period of social stability, formal and informal institutions coordinate with each other to regulate and stabilize social relations, while in the period of social transformation, there will be tension between formal and informal institutions and lead to social disorder. Then it induces institutional changes. Taking the social change of China in the late Qing Dynasty as an example, this paper studies the relationship between cultural tradition and formal institution with the method of new institutional economics. The main content of this paper is divided into the following three aspects: The first part is a brief description of the basic theories of institutional research, such as the concept of institution, the concept of formal institution and informal institution, the relationship between them, the relationship between cultural transformation and institutional change, and so on. The second part discusses the social changes in China after the Opium War, mainly from the economic, political, cultural and other aspects of the specific process of social change in the late Qing Dynasty. The article concretely describes the new development trend in the Chinese economy, the new changes in the Chinese cultural circle and the ideas and actions of the intellectuals to save the nation and save the people. At the same time, it also expounds such as the Reform Movement of 1898, the New deal of the late Qing Dynasty, To prepare for the constitution and other important political events in the late Qing Dynasty. The third part discusses the interaction between the cultural tradition and the formal system in the late Qing Dynasty. After the Opium War, the tension between the formal and informal institutions in Chinese society obviously deepened. New knowledge and new ideas were constantly introduced, and new economic activities began gradually. Under the impetus of the new ideas, the founding assembly set up a parliament. Democracy and republicanism are also on the political stage in China. However, due to the inertia of traditional culture and traditional politics, these changes all ended in failure.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：燕山大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號(hào)】：K252

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本文編號(hào)：1917017