本文選題：蔣介石集團(tuán) + 第一次臺(tái)海危機(jī)�。� 參考：《黑龍江大學(xué)》2010年碩士論文

【摘要】： 朝鮮戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)爆發(fā)后,美國(guó)放棄對(duì)臺(tái)觀望的政策,確立了積極介入臺(tái)灣事務(wù),加緊對(duì)華進(jìn)行戰(zhàn)略遏制的政策。而國(guó)民黨蔣介石集團(tuán)在內(nèi)戰(zhàn)中失敗,敗退臺(tái)灣以后一直企圖借助美國(guó)的力量反攻大陸。因此,朝鮮戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)結(jié)束以后,美、蔣都從各自利益出發(fā),著手加強(qiáng)了軍事聯(lián)盟。在這種形勢(shì)下,中共領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人提出“武力解放臺(tái)灣”的政策,并隨即發(fā)布命令炮擊了金門(mén),第一次臺(tái)海危機(jī)爆發(fā)。在炮擊金門(mén)的同時(shí),大陸發(fā)動(dòng)“一江山島戰(zhàn)役”,迫使駐守大陳島的國(guó)民黨守軍撤回臺(tái)灣,人民解放軍解放了浙東諸島。在第一次臺(tái)海危機(jī)期間,美國(guó)說(shuō)服蔣介石從金門(mén)、馬祖撤兵,企圖策劃“劃峽而治”,使海峽兩岸分裂永久化,遂美蔣間開(kāi)始產(chǎn)生裂隙。 為了緩和第一次臺(tái)海危機(jī)帶來(lái)的緊張局勢(shì),中國(guó)政府通過(guò)萬(wàn)隆會(huì)議等向周邊國(guó)家解釋中國(guó)的政策的同時(shí),又主動(dòng)倡導(dǎo)進(jìn)行中美大使級(jí)會(huì)談。中美大使級(jí)會(huì)談盡管暫時(shí)緩和了臺(tái)海緊張局勢(shì),但由于中美兩國(guó)在臺(tái)灣問(wèn)題上的立場(chǎng)根本對(duì)立,會(huì)談沒(méi)有取得任何實(shí)質(zhì)性成果。第一次臺(tái)海危機(jī)后,中國(guó)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人重新評(píng)估臺(tái)灣問(wèn)題,適時(shí)地提出了“和平解放臺(tái)灣”的政策。對(duì)此,美、蔣反應(yīng)冷淡,繼續(xù)加強(qiáng)了軍事勾結(jié)。鑒于上述形勢(shì),中國(guó)政府決定再次炮擊金門(mén),以期軍事和外交上探測(cè)美蔣勾結(jié)的程度,和美蔣之間存在的裂隙和矛盾。在第二次臺(tái)海危機(jī)中,中國(guó)大陸在“一個(gè)中國(guó)”的問(wèn)題上,采取了“援蔣抗美”的政策,與臺(tái)灣蔣介石集團(tuán)對(duì)美國(guó)的“兩個(gè)中國(guó)”、“一中一臺(tái)”政策共同采取了反對(duì)的態(tài)度。這說(shuō)明在“一個(gè)中國(guó)”問(wèn)題上同為炎黃子孫的海峽兩岸的利益是一致的。
[Abstract]:After the Korean War broke out, the United States gave up its policy of waiting on Taiwan and established a policy of actively intervening in Taiwan affairs and stepping up strategic containment against China. And the Kuomintang Jiang Jieshi group failed in the civil war, and has been trying to counter-attack the mainland with the help of the United States since the defeat of Taiwan. Therefore, after the end of the Korean War, the United States and Chiang Kai-shek set out to strengthen the military alliance in their respective interests. Under such circumstances, the Communist leaders proposed the policy of "liberating Taiwan by force" and immediately issued an order for shelling Kinmen, the first time a Taiwan Strait crisis broke out. At the same time as the shelling of Kinmen, the mainland launched the "Battle of one Jiangshan Island", forcing the Kuomintang garrison stationed in Dachen Island to withdraw to Taiwan, and the people's Liberation Army liberated the islands in eastern Zhejiang. During the first Taiwan Strait crisis, the United States persuaded Jiang Jieshi to withdraw his troops from Kinmen and Matsu in an attempt to "draw an isthmus and govern" so as to make the two sides of the Taiwan Strait split and permanent, thus creating a rift between the United States and Chiang. In order to ease the tension brought about by the first Taiwan Strait crisis, the Chinese government, while explaining China's policies to neighboring countries through meetings such as Wan Long's meeting, also initiatively advocated holding talks at the ambassadorial level between China and the United States. Although the talks at the ambassadorial level between China and the United States have temporarily eased tensions in the Taiwan Strait, the talks have not yielded any substantive results because of the fundamental opposition between China and the United States on the Taiwan issue. After the first Taiwan Strait crisis, the Chinese leader reassessed the Taiwan issue and put forward the policy of "peacefully liberating Taiwan." In this regard, the United States and Chiang Kai-shek continued to intensify military collusion. In view of the above situation, the Chinese government decided to shell Kinmen again in order to explore the extent of military and diplomatic collusion between the United States and Chiang Kai-shek, and the cracks and contradictions between the United States and Chiang Kai-shek. In the second Taiwan Strait crisis, the Chinese mainland adopted the policy of "aiding Chiang's resistance to the United States" on the issue of "one China" and took a common opposition to the "two Chinas" and "one China, one Taiwan" policy of Taiwan's Jiang Jieshi Group. This shows that the interests of the two sides of the strait on the one-China issue are consistent with those of the Chinese people.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：黑龍江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：K27

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