本文選題：九一八事變 + 蔣汪合作��； 參考：《社會科學(xué)輯刊》2014年04期

【摘要】：九一八事變爆發(fā)后,為了應(yīng)對嚴(yán)重的國難危機(jī),蔣介石其建國理念發(fā)生深刻的轉(zhuǎn)變,由軍事領(lǐng)域轉(zhuǎn)向國家的政權(quán)建設(shè),從注重通過軍事手段來消滅政治對手,轉(zhuǎn)向組織、干部和教育等政治建設(shè)方面的抗衡。以蔣介石為首的中央與以胡漢民為政治領(lǐng)袖、兩廣地方實力派為武力依托的西南之間的關(guān)系便是在這一背景下展開的。"西南問題"是1930年代中央政府在推行統(tǒng)一化政策過程中的最大障礙,也是對蔣的和平統(tǒng)一政策的最大考驗。蔣在確立"對內(nèi)以政治建設(shè)為目的"的基本政策的同時,決定對以陳濟(jì)棠為首的西南地方實力派采取聯(lián)絡(luò)、妥協(xié)的政策。1933年熱河形勢岌岌可危之際,蔣不得不對西南放手,開始探索雙方"分工合作"之道,提出由西南方面負(fù)責(zé)"剿共",中央則專責(zé)華北方面的"御侮"。蔣借合作"剿共"之機(jī),積極拉攏廣東地方實力派陳濟(jì)棠,成功遏制了塘沽協(xié)定簽訂前后西南內(nèi)部元老派準(zhǔn)備積極聯(lián)合北方的馮玉祥發(fā)動軍事倒蔣的預(yù)謀。
[Abstract]:After the outbreak of the September 18 incident, in order to cope with the serious national crisis, Jiang Jieshi's concept of founding a country underwent a profound transformation, from the military field to the building of the state's political power, and from the emphasis on eliminating political opponents through military means to the organization. Cadres and education and other aspects of political construction counterbalance. It is against this background that the relationship between the Central Committee headed by Jiang Jieshi and the Southwest China, with Hu Han-min as the political leader and the local powerful factions in the two Guangdong provinces as the backing of the armed forces, was launched against this background. " The Southwest issue was the biggest obstacle in the process of implementing the unification policy in 1930's, and it was also the biggest test of Chiang's policy of peaceful unification. While establishing the basic policy of "political construction at home", Chiang decided to adopt a policy of liaison and compromise to the southwestern powerful factions, headed by Chen Jitang. When the situation in the Rehe River in 1933 was at risk, he had to let go of the southwest. The two sides began to explore the "division of labor and cooperation," and proposed that the southwest should be responsible for "suppressing the Communist Party", while the Central Committee was responsible for "resisting aggression" in North China. Jiang took the opportunity of cooperation to "suppress the Communist Party" and actively wooed Chen Jitang, a powerful local faction in Guangdong, and succeeded in containing the premeditated military overthrow by Feng Yuxiang in the southwest of the interior of the Yuan Dynasty before and after the signing of the Tanggu Agreement.
【作者單位】： 中國社會科學(xué)院近代史所;
【分類號】：K262.9

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