發(fā)布時間：2018-04-22 00:33

  本文選題：“移民西北” + “開發(fā)西北”　； 參考：《中央民族大學》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：1927年南京國民政府成立后,便提出了“開發(fā)西北”的口號,同時一些政要和社會人士也積極提倡“開發(fā)西北”,甚至有的國人還制定了開發(fā)西北的詳細計劃。在這些“開發(fā)西北”的言論中,有許多國人還主張遷移東部地區(qū)的人口來開發(fā)西北,并提出了自己的見解,而有的國人鑒于其他原因,也主張向西北移民,這便形成了抗戰(zhàn)前十年的“移民西北”思潮。此思潮形成的原因除了“開發(fā)西北”思潮的影響外,還與當時的國內(nèi)、國際情況密切相關(guān)。從國內(nèi)情況看,近代以來東部地區(qū)的人口壓力,一直以來就是人們提倡向西北移民的重要原因之一。另外,20、30年代蘇聯(lián)、日本對我國西北地區(qū)的滲透,給西北邊防造成了巨大壓力,鑒于西北地區(qū)“地廣人稀”的狀況,國人紛紛主張“移民西北”充實西北的國防力量。從國際情況看,由于20年代末的世界經(jīng)濟危機沉重打擊了東南亞經(jīng)濟,以致這些國家的人員大量失業(yè)。為了維護本國的利益,一些東南亞國家頒布了苛刻的移民條例限制華人入境,這導致了30年代我國移民海外人數(shù)的驟然下降。加之“九·一八”事變后,東北淪陷,中國失去了東北這塊理想的移民地,所以中國在20年代末30年代初的移民狀況并不樂觀。 隨著海外和東北移民道路的堵塞,西北作為一塊移民地,卻漸漸在“九··八”事變后受到了時人的重視,許多國人紛紛主張“移民西北”,并且獻言獻策,以致形成一股思潮。這股思潮的內(nèi)容,以所移人員和移民區(qū)域較為重要。需要指出的是,抗戰(zhàn)前十年時人在積極提倡向西北移民的同時,卻很少有人注意到當時西北的現(xiàn)實狀況,例如20年代末30年代初的西北大旱災,西北人民自救不暇,一旦移民到此“豈不速死”。因此,抗戰(zhàn)前十年的“移民西北”思潮一方面反映了時人對于西北的關(guān)注,另一方面也反映了時人對西北認知的缺乏。
[Abstract]:After the establishment of the Nanjing National Government in 1927, it put forward the slogan of "developing the Northwest". At the same time, some dignitaries and social figures actively advocated "developing the Northwest", and some Chinese even formulated a detailed plan for the development of the Northwest. In these comments on "developing the Northwest," many Chinese also advocated the relocation of the population from the eastern region to exploit the Northwest, and put forward their own views. For other reasons, some people also advocated emigrating to the northwest. This formed ten years before the War of Resistance against Japan, "emigration northwest" trend of thought. In addition to the influence of the trend of thought, it is closely related to the domestic and international situation at that time. From the point of view of the domestic situation, the population pressure in the eastern part of modern times has been one of the important reasons why people advocate to emigrate to the northwest. In addition, the infiltration of the Soviet Union and Japan into the Northwest region of China in the 1930s caused great pressure to the northwest frontier defense. In view of the "extensive population shortage" in the Northwest region, the people of China have advocated "emigrating to the Northwest" to enrich the national defense forces in the Northwest. From the international point of view, the world economic crisis in the late 1920s hit the Southeast Asian economy hard, resulting in a large number of unemployment in these countries. In order to protect their own interests, some Southeast Asian countries have issued strict immigration regulations to restrict the entry of Chinese, which led to a sudden decline in the number of Chinese immigrants overseas in the 1930s. In addition, after the September 18th incident, the Northeast fell, and China lost its ideal place of emigration, so the immigration situation of China in the late 1920s and early 1930s was not optimistic. With the blockage of emigration road from overseas and Northeast China, the Northwest, as an immigrant land, was gradually attached importance to by people after the "September 8th incident". Many Chinese people advocated "emigrating to the Northwest" one after another and offered suggestions and suggestions, which led to the formation of a new trend of thought. The contents of this trend of thought are more important in the areas of migration and migration. It should be pointed out that while people actively advocated emigrating to the northwest ten years before the War of Resistance against Japan, few people noticed the realities of the Northwest at that time. For example, in the late 1920s and the early 1930s, the Northwest's people were unable to save themselves. Once emigrated here, "will not die quickly." Therefore, the thought of "immigrant northwest" in the ten years before the War of Resistance against Japan reflected the attention of the people of the time and the lack of cognition of the northwest at the same time.
【學位授予單位】：中央民族大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：D632.4;K26

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