本文選題：申匯 + 匯兌網(wǎng)絡(luò)　； 參考：《東華大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：在十九世紀(jì)后半葉到二十世紀(jì)三十年代期間,上海既是全國(guó)范圍內(nèi)最大的轉(zhuǎn)口貿(mào)易中心,也是全國(guó)的商業(yè)中心。金融是經(jīng)濟(jì)的血液,大量的來往款項(xiàng)需要一個(gè)強(qiáng)有力的金融工具來支撐,這個(gè)金融工具須集結(jié)算信貸匯兌于一體,這個(gè)金融工具就是申匯。漢口、天津、青島、重慶、寧波等地都有申匯市場(chǎng),申匯又可稱作“上海頭寸”,申匯正是憑借其特點(diǎn)和優(yōu)勢(shì),能夠?yàn)槠髽I(yè)提供短期融資工具,它是近代銀行貸款和投機(jī)性強(qiáng)的股票市場(chǎng)不能替代的融資手段。因此,對(duì)申匯的研究應(yīng)該是經(jīng)濟(jì)史上的重要內(nèi)容,尤其是金融史。 首先,我們將闡述申匯產(chǎn)生的歷史背景、申匯具體的市場(chǎng)構(gòu)成以及申匯發(fā)揮出來的獨(dú)特作用。近代貨幣制度紊亂但商業(yè)發(fā)展迅速,對(duì)于標(biāo)準(zhǔn)行市的需求旺盛,因此在天津、漢口、重慶等地區(qū)形成了大大小小的申匯市場(chǎng)。申匯是集結(jié)算、匯兌、信貸于一體的金融工具,在近代貨幣制度改革中發(fā)揮了不可替代的作用。 其次,我們將根據(jù)各地申匯市場(chǎng)具體的計(jì)算公式推演出近代中國(guó)的匯兌網(wǎng)絡(luò)。申匯是一種埠際資金調(diào)撥方式,近代中國(guó)金融市場(chǎng)以申匯為線索將各地的申匯市場(chǎng)聯(lián)系起來,形成了以上海為中心的全國(guó)范圍內(nèi)的匯兌體系。并且在天津、漢口、重慶等次級(jí)匯兌中心的輻射下,商埠之間形成了具體的金融網(wǎng)絡(luò),使商埠之間的資金調(diào)撥暢通無阻。 再次,我們將探究申匯的價(jià)格變動(dòng)趨勢(shì)并具體研究其影響因素。我們選取天津、漢口、重慶、青島等地的申匯市場(chǎng)作為分析樣本,研究發(fā)現(xiàn),近代申匯的價(jià)格呈波浪式周期性變動(dòng),并且存在波峰波谷。影響價(jià)格變動(dòng)的因素可以分為經(jīng)濟(jì)原因與非經(jīng)濟(jì)原因,經(jīng)濟(jì)原因就是由申匯計(jì)算公式直接決定申匯價(jià)格,但是也有可能因?yàn)榉墙?jīng)濟(jì)原因?qū)е律陞R換算公式失靈進(jìn)而直接影響申匯價(jià)格。 最后,我們將再回歸到近代經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)中考察申匯。申匯的廣泛使用促進(jìn)了埠際商品流通,匯兌網(wǎng)絡(luò)對(duì)應(yīng)著商品網(wǎng)絡(luò),彼此互為促進(jìn)。申匯的最終結(jié)算地是在上海,上海金融實(shí)力雄厚,申匯的流通完善了埠際之間的結(jié)算體系,提供了標(biāo)準(zhǔn)行市,因此申匯能作為近代全國(guó)統(tǒng)一市場(chǎng)形成的一個(gè)標(biāo)志。 以申匯為主的匯兌是近代經(jīng)濟(jì)和金融活動(dòng)的重要內(nèi)容,為工業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展商埠之間的貨物往來提供了服務(wù)。申匯也是這是近代金融機(jī)構(gòu)所使用的重要工具,其價(jià)格的變動(dòng)不僅體現(xiàn)出“看不見的手”自發(fā)的調(diào)整,也可以很明顯的看到政治社會(huì)因素對(duì)于金融市場(chǎng)的影響。中國(guó)具體國(guó)情產(chǎn)生的具體的申匯制度,對(duì)于現(xiàn)代金融業(yè)的制度建設(shè)也能提供一定的借鑒。研究近代上海金融發(fā)展衍生出來的申匯對(duì)于上海今天的金融市場(chǎng)有借鑒意義,對(duì)于金融工具的開發(fā)更能直接提供借鑒,對(duì)于民間金融的放開無疑更具有指導(dǎo)意義。
[Abstract]:From the second half of the 19th century to the 1930s, Shanghai was the largest entrepot trade center in the whole country and the commercial center of the whole country. Finance is the blood of economy, a large amount of current money needs a strong financial instrument to support, this financial instrument must set settlement credit exchange in one, this financial instrument is foreign exchange. Hankou, Tianjin, Qingdao, Chongqing, Ningbo and other places have foreign exchange claims markets, which can also be called "Shanghai positions". It is precisely by virtue of their characteristics and advantages that they can provide short-term financing tools for enterprises. It is a modern bank loan and speculative stock market can not replace the financing means. Therefore, the study of foreign exchange should be an important part of economic history, especially financial history. First of all, we will explain the historical background, the specific market composition and the unique role of Shen. The modern currency system is disordered but the commercial development is rapid, the demand for the standard market is exuberant, therefore in Tianjin, Hankou, Chongqing and so on the area has formed the large and small foreign exchange market. Foreign exchange is a financial instrument which integrates settlement, exchange and credit, and plays an irreplaceable role in the reform of modern monetary system. Secondly, we will deduce the exchange network of modern China according to the specific formula of foreign exchange market. The application of foreign exchange is a mode of transfer of funds between ports. In modern China, the financial market links the foreign exchange market in various places with the clue of applying for foreign exchange, and forms a nationwide exchange system with Shanghai as the center. And in Tianjin, Hankou, Chongqing and other secondary exchange center radiation, commercial ports between the formation of a specific financial network, the transfer of funds between commercial ports unimpeded. Again, we will explore the price trend of foreign exchange and specific factors affecting it. We choose Tianjin, Hankou, Chongqing, Qingdao and other places as samples to analyze the foreign exchange market. The research shows that the price of foreign exchange claims in modern times fluctuates periodically, and there are peaks and troughs. The factors that affect the price change can be divided into economic reasons and non-economic reasons. Economic reasons are determined directly by the formula for foreign exchange claims. However, it is also possible that non-economic reasons may lead to the failure of the conversion formula of foreign exchange claims, which will directly affect the price of foreign exchange claims. Finally, we will return to the modern economic society to investigate the exchange. The extensive use of foreign exchange promotes the circulation of commodities between ports, and the exchange network promotes each other. The final settlement place of foreign exchange is in Shanghai, Shanghai has a strong financial strength, and the circulation of foreign exchange has improved the settlement system between ports and provided the standard market. Therefore, Shenghuneng is a symbol of the formation of the unified market in modern China. Exchange based on foreign exchange is an important part of economic and financial activities in modern times, which provides services for the exchange of goods between commercial and commercial ports of industrial economic development. This is also an important tool used by modern financial institutions. The price changes not only reflect the spontaneous adjustment of "invisible hand", but also clearly see the influence of political and social factors on the financial market. The specific foreign exchange application system produced by China's specific national conditions can also provide some reference for the system construction of modern financial industry. The study of the foreign exchange derived from the financial development of modern Shanghai has reference significance for Shanghai's financial market today, more direct reference for the development of financial instruments, and undoubtedly more guiding significance for the liberalization of private finance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東華大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：K26;F752.9

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本文編號(hào)：1783015