本文選題：戰(zhàn)后上海 + 上海中華基督教女青年會(huì)托兒所�。� 參考：《上海師范大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：20世紀(jì)初，近代式托兒所在歐美、蘇聯(lián)已得到普遍的發(fā)展，在老解放區(qū)也有一定規(guī)模，然而在國(guó)統(tǒng)區(qū)下的上海，此項(xiàng)事業(yè)卻發(fā)展緩慢。抗戰(zhàn)勝利后，各地紛紛復(fù)員，上海作為全國(guó)最發(fā)達(dá)的工商業(yè)中心，女工及職業(yè)婦女人數(shù)眾多。在職業(yè)與育兒間，婦女面臨著兩難選擇，這使得一般家庭孩子的托管問(wèn)題成為社會(huì)亟待解決的一大難題。社會(huì)的這種需求為上海托兒所事業(yè)的發(fā)展帶來(lái)了機(jī)遇與挑戰(zhàn)。 在社會(huì)的積極倡導(dǎo)下，各類托兒所機(jī)構(gòu)應(yīng)運(yùn)而生，呈蓬勃發(fā)展之勢(shì)，并在社會(huì)各界的廣泛參與與支持下，取得了一定的成效。然而，戰(zhàn)后上海復(fù)雜多變的社會(huì)環(huán)境，也讓托兒所這一新興事物在前進(jìn)的道路中形成了自己的特點(diǎn)與不足。 上海中華基督教女青年會(huì)成立于1908年，是民國(guó)時(shí)期婦女界、青年界影響較大的民間婦女組織之一，該會(huì)歷經(jīng)百年歷史，至今仍活躍于社會(huì)各界。托兒所是該會(huì)二十世紀(jì)四十年代開(kāi)展的重要事工之一。上海中華基督教女青年會(huì)托兒所作為滬上托兒所組織中的奠基者，在兒童保教、托兒所運(yùn)動(dòng)及兒童福利事業(yè)的推廣上都有著突出貢獻(xiàn)，并在組織管理、資源動(dòng)員，育兒經(jīng)驗(yàn)等方面都有其獨(dú)到之處。它倡導(dǎo)并踐行著近代新式兒童保育理念，引領(lǐng)并推動(dòng)了滬上托兒所行業(yè)的整體構(gòu)建，是上海托兒所組織中的成功典范。 本文通過(guò)對(duì)戰(zhàn)后上海托兒所，特別是對(duì)上海中華基督教女青年會(huì)托兒所的發(fā)展情況進(jìn)行個(gè)案考察，展現(xiàn)抗戰(zhàn)勝利初期以及內(nèi)戰(zhàn)期間上海兒童的生活情況，進(jìn)而探討這一時(shí)期上海兒童保育及兒童福利事業(yè)的發(fā)展概況及特點(diǎn)。此外，通過(guò)對(duì)上海中華基督教女青年會(huì)主辦的托兒所事業(yè)的詳細(xì)研究，進(jìn)而揭示這一源于外國(guó)的非純粹本土的民間婦女團(tuán)體是如何保持長(zhǎng)久生命力的原因。最后，通過(guò)對(duì)上海中華基督教女青年會(huì)托兒所成功經(jīng)驗(yàn)與不足的深入分析，，以史為鑒，對(duì)當(dāng)前我國(guó)兒童保教事業(yè)乃至兒童福利事業(yè)的建設(shè)提供歷史反思。
[Abstract]:At the beginning of the 20th century, modern nurseries in Europe and America, the Soviet Union has been widely developed, in the old liberated areas also have a certain scale, but in the state-controlled areas of Shanghai, the development of this cause is slow.After the victory of the War of Resistance against Japan, various places were demobilized. Shanghai, as the most developed industrial and commercial center in the country, had a large number of women workers and working women.In the career and childcare, women are faced with a dilemma, which makes the custody of children in general family become a big problem to be solved.This kind of social demand brings opportunities and challenges to the development of Shanghai nurseries.Under the active advocacy of the society, all kinds of nurseries came into being, showing the trend of vigorous development, and with the broad participation and support of all walks of life, certain results have been achieved.However, the complicated and changeable social environment in postwar Shanghai also made nursery, a new thing, form its own characteristics and shortcomings in the way forward.The Chinese Young Women's Christian Association of Shanghai was founded in 1908. It is one of the folk women's organizations in the women's circle and the youth circle in the Republic of China. It has a history of one hundred years and is still active in all walks of life.The nursery was one of the important ministry that the association carried out in the 1940 s.As the founder of the Shanghai Nursery Organization, YWCA has made outstanding contributions to the promotion of child care, nursery movement and child welfare, as well as organization, management and resource mobilization.Parenting experience and other aspects have their own unique.It advocates and practices the modern concept of child care, leads and promotes the overall construction of Shanghai nursery industry, and is a successful example in Shanghai nursery organization.Through a case study of the development of nurseries in Shanghai after the war, especially of the Chinese Young Women's Christian Association in Shanghai, this paper shows the living conditions of Shanghai children in the early years of the victory of the War of Resistance against Japan and during the civil war.Then it discusses the development and characteristics of child care and welfare in Shanghai during this period.In addition, through a detailed study of the cr 貓 ches sponsored by the Chinese Young Women's Christian Association in Shanghai, this paper reveals the reasons why this non-native folk women's group, which originated from foreign countries, has maintained its long-term vitality.Finally, through the in-depth analysis of the successful experiences and shortcomings of Shanghai Chinese Young Women's Christian Association (YWCA) nurseries, this paper draws lessons from history and provides a historical reflection on the construction of children's care and welfare in China at present.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：K266

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