本文選題：江南 + 傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)村金融　； 參考：《蘇州大學(xué)》2011年博士論文

【摘要】：農(nóng)村金融是指農(nóng)村貨幣資金的融通以及與此有關(guān)的各種經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)的總稱,主要為農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)和農(nóng)民生活提供資金保障,在農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展中占有重要地位。民國(guó)時(shí)期的江南農(nóng)村金融,主要由傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)村金融與現(xiàn)代農(nóng)村金融組成,二者在矛盾斗爭(zhēng)與相互合作中生存發(fā)展,具有典型的二元金融結(jié)構(gòu)特征。江南農(nóng)村傳統(tǒng)金融包括傳統(tǒng)高利貸借貸關(guān)系以及典當(dāng)、錢莊、合會(huì)等傳統(tǒng)金融組織,江南農(nóng)村現(xiàn)代金融包括銀行在江南農(nóng)村的農(nóng)貸活動(dòng)以及銀行農(nóng)貸的中介——農(nóng)村信用合作社和農(nóng)業(yè)倉(cāng)庫(kù)等現(xiàn)代金融組織。 高利貸,是農(nóng)村傳統(tǒng)借貸關(guān)系中的最基本的層次,在民國(guó)時(shí)期江南農(nóng)村得到延續(xù)與發(fā)展。江南農(nóng)村高利貸主要有貨幣借貸、實(shí)物借貸及二者衍生的其他借貸形式,是江南農(nóng)村農(nóng)民最主要的借款來(lái)源。高利貸借貸的消極影響和負(fù)面作用十分明顯,但能夠長(zhǎng)期存在并繼續(xù)發(fā)展,說(shuō)明在江南農(nóng)村有其存在的社會(huì)基礎(chǔ)和經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ)。 典當(dāng)、錢莊和合會(huì)是江南農(nóng)村傳統(tǒng)金融組織的代表,民國(guó)時(shí)期在逐步衰落中發(fā)展。典當(dāng)、錢莊和合會(huì),在組織管理、運(yùn)作經(jīng)營(yíng)上,均呈現(xiàn)出不同的特點(diǎn),在江南農(nóng)村借貸中占有重要地位,具有一定的社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)功能。因此,要復(fù)興江南農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì),不能忽視傳統(tǒng)金融組織的作用,應(yīng)該充分認(rèn)識(shí)和發(fā)揮傳統(tǒng)金融組織的功能。 銀行是現(xiàn)代金融組織的典型代表,是社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的必然產(chǎn)物。北洋政府和國(guó)民政府出于維護(hù)自身統(tǒng)治的需要,積極規(guī)劃現(xiàn)代農(nóng)村金融體系,籌設(shè)現(xiàn)代農(nóng)村金融網(wǎng)絡(luò),以銀行的農(nóng)貸活動(dòng)為標(biāo)志的江南農(nóng)村現(xiàn)代金融逐步建立和發(fā)展。銀行在江南農(nóng)村的農(nóng)貸活動(dòng),緩解了江南農(nóng)村金融危機(jī),促進(jìn)了江南農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇和發(fā)展,但不能從根本解決問(wèn)題。 信用合作社和農(nóng)業(yè)倉(cāng)庫(kù)是銀行農(nóng)村放款的中介,是江南農(nóng)村現(xiàn)代金融組織�，F(xiàn)代農(nóng)村金融組織與傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)村金融組織相比,具有組織機(jī)構(gòu)健全、法律法規(guī)完善、業(yè)務(wù)經(jīng)營(yíng)多樣等特點(diǎn),對(duì)傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)村金融形成一定的沖擊力,對(duì)江南農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)和農(nóng)民生活產(chǎn)生了一定的積極影響,但由于自身的制度設(shè)計(jì)上和執(zhí)行上的缺陷,還不能完全取代傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)村金融,更不可能從根本上改變江南農(nóng)村的現(xiàn)狀。 民國(guó)時(shí)期江南農(nóng)村金融的發(fā)展實(shí)際上是從傳統(tǒng)金融向現(xiàn)代金融的轉(zhuǎn)型,促使民國(guó)時(shí)期江南農(nóng)村金融轉(zhuǎn)型的因素是多方面的,既有外國(guó)銀行侵入的影響,也有江南農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)嬗變、現(xiàn)代農(nóng)村金融理論宣傳和政府積極參與等的共同推動(dòng)。民國(guó)時(shí)期江南農(nóng)村金融呈現(xiàn)出二元金融結(jié)構(gòu)、混合發(fā)展模式、政府強(qiáng)制主導(dǎo)與農(nóng)民被動(dòng)接受等特征。民國(guó)時(shí)期江南農(nóng)村金融的轉(zhuǎn)型是近代江南農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)現(xiàn)代化的重要組成部分之一,由于種種原因,這一時(shí)期江南農(nóng)村金融的轉(zhuǎn)型是不成功的,但也給我們提供了一些重要的經(jīng)驗(yàn)與啟迪。
[Abstract]:Rural finance refers to the rural monetary fund financing and the related economic activities, mainly for funding agricultural production and farmers' life, occupies an important position in the development of rural economy. Jiangnan Rural Finance, mainly from the traditional rural finance and modern rural finance, the two contradictions in the survival and development the struggle and cooperation, with a typical two yuan financial structure. Jiangnan traditional rural finance including traditional usury and pawn, banks, will the traditional financial organizations, including Jiangnan rural modern financial bank in the rural southern bank credit intermediary nongdai activities and rural credit cooperatives and agricultural warehouse and other modern financial organizations.
Usury, is the traditional rural lending relationship in the most basic level, continue and develop in the period of the Republic of China. Rural Jiangnan Jiangnan Rural Usury mainly in the form of money lending, lending and borrowing two derivatives, is the main Jiangnan Rural farmers borrowing sources. The negative impact of usury and the negative effect is very obvious however, the long-term existence and continued development, stating the existence basis of society and economy in the rural areas in the south.
Pawn, banks and is representative of Jiangnan traditional rural financial organization, the development in the Republic of China on the wane. Pawn, and banks will, in the organization and management, operation management, are showing different characteristics, occupies an important position in Jiangnan rural lending, has a certain social and economic function. Therefore, to the revival of the rural economy, can not ignore the role of the traditional financial organizations, should fully understand and play the functions of the traditional financial organizations.
The bank is a typical representative of the modern financial organizations, is the inevitable product of social development. The Beiyang government and the national government for the maintenance of their rule needs, actively planning a modern rural financial system, the establishment of modern rural financial network, the bank nongdai activities as a symbol of the Jiangnan Rural Modern Financial establishment and development in the rural areas in the south bank. The agricultural activities, alleviate the rural financial crisis, promoting the rural economy recovery and development, but can not fundamentally solve the problem.
Credit cooperatives and agricultural warehouse is an intermediary bank lending is rural, rural financial organization in modern Jiangnan modern rural financial organization. Compared with the traditional rural financial organization, has perfect organization, perfect laws and regulations and characteristics of business diversity, the traditional rural finance a certain impact on the rural economy and farmers, life a positive impact, but because of the defects of the system design and implementation of the, also can not completely replace the traditional rural finance, cannot change the status of rural southern fundamentally.
The rural financial development in the Republic of China is actually from the traditional to the modern transformation of the financial finance, factors which contribute to the period of the Republic of China Jiangnan Rural financial transition is various, both the intrusion of the foreign bank, also has the rural economy evolution, promoting the modern rural financial theory propaganda and the government is actively involved in the period of the Republic of South of the Yangtze River. Rural finance has two yuan of financial structure, mixed development pattern, the government forced farmers with the leading passive feature. The rural financial transformation in the Republic of China is an important part of modern Jiangnan rural modernization, due to various reasons, this period of transition of the rural financial is not successful, but we also provide some important experience and enlightenment.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘇州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：K258;F832.9

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