本文選題：現(xiàn)代化　切入點(diǎn)：社會(huì)主義　出處：《復(fù)旦大學(xué)》2010年碩士論文

【摘要】： 自鴉片戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)始,中國(guó)被迫開(kāi)啟現(xiàn)代化進(jìn)程,從物質(zhì)、政治到思想文化,在面向西方資本主義現(xiàn)代文明的多方求索中,民族危機(jī)不斷加深。1920年前后,社會(huì)主義作為新的路徑選擇得到廣泛關(guān)注,遂在實(shí)際參與歷史進(jìn)程中成為中國(guó)社會(huì)發(fā)展的主導(dǎo)趨向,實(shí)現(xiàn)了民族建國(guó)這一現(xiàn)代化的第一要?jiǎng)?wù)。 理解上述現(xiàn)代化問(wèn)題的中國(guó)解讀,必須立足于中國(guó)近代史面臨的獨(dú)特的歷史課題。作為外源型(防御型)現(xiàn)代化,傳統(tǒng)與現(xiàn)代的緊張以中、西強(qiáng)弱對(duì)比的方式呈現(xiàn),尋求富強(qiáng)成為中國(guó)現(xiàn)代化的現(xiàn)實(shí)要求,國(guó)外各種社會(huì)思潮在御侮救亡的歷史主題中得到闡釋,并在民族主義的歷史語(yǔ)境中接受檢驗(yàn)。民國(guó)成立后,共和政體很快蛻變?yōu)檐娂澱䴔?quán),資本主義發(fā)展遲緩,農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)持續(xù)困頓,西方現(xiàn)代化之路在中國(guó)前景渺茫。此時(shí),俄國(guó)十月革命提供了新的契機(jī),1919年巴黎和會(huì)激起的行動(dòng)主義很快匯入社會(huì)主義,中國(guó)走上了一條非西方的現(xiàn)代化之路,并且現(xiàn)實(shí)地表達(dá)為反西方的民族獨(dú)立斗爭(zhēng)。 社會(huì)主義用之于中國(guó),首先著眼于對(duì)理論的最大實(shí)用性要求,其內(nèi)涵的實(shí)現(xiàn)同樣需要在中國(guó)歷史境遇中得到解讀。1920年前后隨著中國(guó)現(xiàn)代化路徑選擇的轉(zhuǎn)向,新文化運(yùn)動(dòng)的思想啟蒙歸入政治革命的歷史敘事,但缺少資本主義的長(zhǎng)足發(fā)展和充分的現(xiàn)代啟蒙,中國(guó)的社會(huì)主義將同時(shí)面臨各種前現(xiàn)代的困擾和現(xiàn)代性的挑戰(zhàn),從傳統(tǒng)到現(xiàn)代之路任重道遠(yuǎn),這是社會(huì)主義現(xiàn)代化必須面對(duì)和破解的難題。 本文立足于新的時(shí)代平臺(tái),通過(guò)對(duì)1920年前后中國(guó)現(xiàn)代化之路急劇轉(zhuǎn)向的歷史考察,既試圖理解中國(guó)走社會(huì)主義現(xiàn)代化道路之固有邏輯,也希望達(dá)到對(duì)社會(huì)主義(共產(chǎn)主義)從理論到實(shí)踐更深地理解。
[Abstract]:Since the Opium War, China has been forced to start the process of modernization, from material, political to ideological and cultural, in the face of Western capitalist modern civilization, the national crisis deepened.Socialism, as a new path choice, has received extensive attention, and has become the leading trend of Chinese social development in the process of actual participation in the historical process, thus realizing the first important task of the modernization of national nation-building.To understand the above-mentioned modernization problems in China, we must base ourselves on the unique historical issues faced by Chinese modern history.As a foreign type (defensive type) modernization, the tension between tradition and modern is presented in the way of contrast of strength and weakness between the west and the middle. Seeking prosperity and strength becomes the realistic requirement of China's modernization. Various social trends of thought abroad have been explained in the historical theme of resisting aggression and saving the nation.And to be tested in the historical context of nationalism.After the founding of the Republic of China, the Republican regime quickly transformed into a military and gentry regime, the development of capitalism was slow, the agricultural economy continued to be difficult, and the prospect of western modernization in China was slim.At this time, the Russian October Revolution provided a new opportunity. The activism aroused by the Paris Peace Conference in 1919 quickly merged into socialism, and China embarked on a non-Western road of modernization, and expressed in reality as a national independence struggle against the West.The use of socialism in China first focuses on the greatest practical requirements for theory, and the realization of its connotation also needs to be interpreted in the historical circumstances of China.The ideological enlightenment of the New Culture Movement is classified as the historical narrative of the political revolution, but without the substantial development of capitalism and the full modern enlightenment, the socialism of China will face all kinds of pre-modern puzzles and challenges of modernity at the same time.The road from tradition to modernity has a long way to go, which is a difficult problem that socialist modernization must face and solve.Based on the new era platform, this paper attempts to understand the inherent logic of China's socialist modernization road through the historical investigation of the sharp turning of the road of China's modernization around 1920.It is also hoped to achieve a deeper understanding of socialism (communism) from theory to practice.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：復(fù)旦大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：K26

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本文編號(hào)：1724518