本文選題：常州趙氏　切入點(diǎn)：太平天國　出處：《上海師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：太平天國時期江南的文化家族經(jīng)歷了一場浩劫,面對異文化的太平軍,大部分文化家族都堅(jiān)決抵抗并付出了慘重的代價(jià)。常州趙氏作為晚清時期常州地區(qū)的文化望族,其經(jīng)歷是一典型案例。趙氏先祖早在元朝時期就遷居常州西蓋村。后來主要分為兩支,本支為西蓋趙氏,主要居住在西蓋村。分支為觀莊趙氏,自明初遷居觀莊。明清時期,趙氏家族人才輩出,產(chǎn)生了如明英宗講師趙琬、監(jiān)察御史趙eT、“江南老教書”趙繼鼎等一批文化名人,成為當(dāng)?shù)匚幕�。這一時期,科舉與婚姻的成功不斷鞏固擴(kuò)大著家族的影響力。其家族成員也主動參與和組織地方社會的文化事業(yè),如創(chuàng)辦惜字會,舉辦壽宴,參與龍舟競渡等。可以說常州趙氏在太平天國前已經(jīng)成為常州地區(qū)舉足輕重的文化家族。伴隨著太平軍的不斷進(jìn)軍,趙氏族人自覺擔(dān)負(fù)起了保衛(wèi)地方的責(zé)任。其成員趙起、趙曾向、趙振祚、趙烈文等都積極參與到團(tuán)練組織之中,在1853年到1860年持續(xù)對抗著太平軍。他們一方面配合清軍征收物資以支援前線,另一方面積極維護(hù)地方治安,穩(wěn)定地方秩序。當(dāng)1860年太平軍攻占常州之際,部分族人如趙振祚、趙祿保、趙起等堅(jiān)決抵抗,并最終付出了生命。趙烈文、趙曾向、趙壽仁等族人則倉皇出逃,開始了逃難生活。其逃難經(jīng)歷散見于他們個人的文字記載之中,部分記錄得以幸存下來。戰(zhàn)后趙氏族人陸續(xù)回到常州,面對戰(zhàn)后的凋敝,他們積極參與到家族重建之中。一方面,部分族人如趙壽仁、趙承炳、徐小嫻等開始著手恢復(fù)承載家族創(chuàng)傷的約園。另一方面,族人也力圖通過重修家譜來重建家族記憶。到1886年,隨著重修家譜的完成,趙氏家族的戰(zhàn)后重建也基本結(jié)束�？v觀太平天國時期的常州趙氏,其對太平軍始終持?jǐn)骋晳B(tài)度。常州趙氏戰(zhàn)后的發(fā)展表明家族組織仍然是晚清時期重要的社會團(tuán)體,對戰(zhàn)后秩序的穩(wěn)定起到了積極作用�？梢园l(fā)現(xiàn)趙氏源于常州,其文化世家正是由常州乃至整個江南孕育而成的,因而其族人也堅(jiān)決地捍衛(wèi)家鄉(xiāng)來維持其文化世家的地位。
[Abstract]:In the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom period, the Jiangnan cultural family experienced a catastrophe. In the face of the non-cultural Taiping army, most of the cultural families resolutely resisted and paid a heavy price. Zhao's ancestors moved to Xigai Village in Changzhou as early as the Yuan Dynasty. Later, they were divided into two branches, Xigai Zhao, who mainly lived in Xigai Village, and the branches were Kuanzhuang Zhao, who moved to Guanzhuang from the beginning of the Ming Dynasty and the Ming and Qing dynasties. The Zhao family produced a large number of cultural celebrities, such as Zhao Wan, a lecturer in Ming Yingzong, Zhao Wan, who supervised the imperial history of Zhao et al, and Zhao Jiding, "the old teaching in the south of the Yangtze River," and so on, and became local cultural dignitaries. The success of imperial examination and marriage has continuously consolidated and expanded the influence of the family. Its members also actively participate in and organize the cultural undertakings of the local society, such as setting up a festival of words and holding a birthday banquet. Participate in the dragon boat race and so on. It can be said that before the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, the Zhao family in Changzhou became an important cultural family in Changzhou. With the constant march of the Taiping Army, the Zhao clan consciously assumed the responsibility of defending the local area. Zhao Zengxiang, Zhao Zhenzuo, Zhao Liwen, and so on all actively participated in the regiment training organization, and continued to confront the Taiping Army from 1853 to 1860. On the one hand, they cooperated with the Qing Army to collect supplies to support the front lines, and on the other hand, they actively maintained local public order. Stability of local order. When the Taiping Army captured Changzhou in 1860, some ethnic groups such as Zhao Zhenzuo, Zhao Lubao, and Zhao Qi resolutely resisted, and eventually gave their lives. Zhao Liwen, Zhao once went to, Zhao Shouren and other people fled in a hurry. They began to live in exile. Their escape experiences were scattered in their personal written records, and some of the records survived. After the war, the Zhao people returned to Changzhou one after another to face the post-war desolation. They actively participated in the family reconstruction. On the one hand, some ethnic groups such as Zhao Shouren, Zhao Chengbing and Xu Xiaoxian began to restore the covenant garden bearing the family trauma. On the other hand, By 1886, with the completion of the family tree, the post-war reconstruction of the Zhao family was basically over. Throughout the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, the Zhao family lived in Changzhou. The development of the Chao family in Changzhou showed that the family organization was still an important social organization in the late Qing Dynasty and played a positive role in the stability of the postwar order. It can be found that Zhao originated from Changzhou. Its cultural family was bred by Changzhou and even the whole Jiangnan, so its people also resolutely defended their hometown to maintain their status as cultural clans.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：K254

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