本文選題：民國(guó)政府　切入點(diǎn)：拉薩動(dòng)亂　出處：《中央民族大學(xué)》2010年碩士論文

【摘要】： 1911年8、9月間,反抗清朝政府“鐵路國(guó)有政策”的四川保路運(yùn)動(dòng)大規(guī)模爆發(fā),并逐漸發(fā)展成武裝暴動(dòng),沉重地打擊了清政府的統(tǒng)治,直接促成了武昌起義,至10月,旨在推翻封建王朝的資產(chǎn)階級(jí)民主革命——辛亥革命在全國(guó)范圍內(nèi)爆發(fā)。新舊政權(quán)交替期間的混亂局勢(shì)對(duì)地處中國(guó)西南邊疆的西藏產(chǎn)生了巨大的影響。駐藏陸軍因內(nèi)地形勢(shì)不明朗而發(fā)生內(nèi)部爭(zhēng)斗進(jìn)而擾及西藏地方軍民,英帝國(guó)主義也乘機(jī)唆使十三世達(dá)賴?yán)锓纯怪醒胝�、�?qū)逐駐藏陸軍,導(dǎo)致駐藏陸軍與藏軍在拉薩展開激烈的斗爭(zhēng),引起藏局動(dòng)蕩；國(guó)體的變更促使一心維護(hù)西藏地方勢(shì)力的達(dá)賴?yán)飳?duì)新的民國(guó)政府不予承認(rèn),更不顧民國(guó)政府的態(tài)度執(zhí)意將駐藏陸軍徹底驅(qū)逐,使得很長(zhǎng)一段歷史時(shí)期內(nèi),中央政府與西藏地方的關(guān)系處于非正常狀態(tài)。 這場(chǎng)動(dòng)亂最先在拉薩爆發(fā),且此后該地一直為主要戰(zhàn)場(chǎng),故而這場(chǎng)以拉薩為主要戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)的整個(gè)西藏地方的動(dòng)亂局勢(shì),在學(xué)界被統(tǒng)稱為“拉薩動(dòng)亂”。西藏地方作為重要的邊疆民族地區(qū),在民族、宗教信仰、統(tǒng)治權(quán)力、交通信息、國(guó)際地位的敏感性等等問題上具有特殊性,故該動(dòng)亂雖是在辛亥革命的大背景下發(fā)生的,但其性質(zhì)并不同于內(nèi)地各省響應(yīng)革命的行為,它難以歸于革命范疇內(nèi),更不屬于辛亥革命起義的一部分。 根據(jù)動(dòng)亂參與者及性質(zhì)的不同,本文以搶劫色拉寺事件為界,將這場(chǎng)動(dòng)亂分成兩個(gè)階段：第一階段,動(dòng)亂參與者限于駐藏陸軍內(nèi)部,性質(zhì)上屬于駐藏陸軍內(nèi)部變亂。變亂先是造成駐軍內(nèi)部的一系列混亂和斗爭(zhēng),搶劫色拉寺之后則亂及藏族僧俗軍民,為此后兩方混戰(zhàn)拉開了帷幕。第二階段,實(shí)際作戰(zhàn)雙方為駐藏陸軍和藏族軍民,性質(zhì)已完全不同于前一階段。開戰(zhàn)之初,尚無外力介入時(shí),其性質(zhì)當(dāng)屬于我國(guó)邊疆民族地區(qū)內(nèi)部戰(zhàn)亂,確切說,是駐藏陸軍的不當(dāng)行為招致藏族軍民的反抗,是一種壓迫與反壓迫的抗?fàn)�；但隨著十三世達(dá)賴在英帝國(guó)主義的挑唆和幫助下,將戰(zhàn)局進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)大,力圖將駐藏陸軍驅(qū)逐出藏時(shí),它不再是一種正當(dāng)?shù)目範(fàn)?而是一種反抗中央政府的動(dòng)亂行為。 根據(jù)動(dòng)亂階段的劃分,本文在撰寫上主要分成兩部分。第一部分即駐藏陸軍內(nèi)部變亂,本部分涉及內(nèi)亂發(fā)生起因、具體過程和情況、性質(zhì)及相關(guān)問題探討等內(nèi)容。第二部分為中央駐藏陸軍與藏軍之開戰(zhàn),在這一部分本文將首先介紹拉薩以外其余駐地的沖突情況,然后再具體描述拉薩戰(zhàn)事,涉及戰(zhàn)事起因、具體過程、“驅(qū)漢”事件辨析、駐藏陸軍被盡數(shù)驅(qū)逐之緣由及十三世達(dá)賴執(zhí)意驅(qū)逐駐藏陸軍的原因。
[Abstract]:In August and September of 1911, the Sichuan Protective Road Movement, which rebelled against the Qing government's "railway state-owned policy", broke out on a large scale and gradually developed into an armed insurrection, which dealt a heavy blow to the rule of the Qing government and directly contributed to the Wuchang uprising until October. The bourgeois democratic revolution aimed at overthrowing the feudal dynasty-the revolution of 1911 broke out throughout the country. The chaos of the old and new regimes had a great impact on Tibet, which is located on the southwestern border of China. The situation in the mainland is not clear and internal strife has taken place, thus disturbing the local army and people in Tibet. The British imperialists also took the opportunity to instigate the 13th Dalai Lama to resist the central government and expel the army stationed in Tibet, which led to the fierce struggle between the army stationed in Tibet and the Tibetan army in Lhasa and caused unrest in the Tibetan Bureau. The changes in the national system prompted the Dalai Lama, who was bent on safeguarding the local forces in Tibet, not to recognize the new Republic of China government, and even more regardless of the attitude of the Republic of China government, to completely expel the army stationed in Tibet, making it possible for a very long period of time in history. Relations between the central government and Tibet are in an abnormal state. The unrest first broke out in Lhasa, and since then it has been the main battlefield. So the unrest in Tibet, where Lhasa is the main battleground, Tibet, as an important borderland ethnic region, has particularity in issues such as nationality, religious belief, ruling power, traffic information, sensitivity to international status, and so on. Therefore, although the turmoil occurred in the background of the Revolution of 1911, its nature is different from the behavior of the inland provinces in response to the revolution, and it is difficult to fall within the scope of the revolution, let alone part of the uprising of the Revolution of 1911. According to the difference between the participants and the nature of the unrest, this paper divides the unrest into two stages: the first stage, the participants in the unrest are confined to the army in Tibet. In nature, it belongs to the internal disorder of the army stationed in Tibet, which first caused a series of chaos and struggle within the garrison, and after robbing the Salah Temple, the chaos and the Tibetan monks and the vulgar soldiers and civilians began the second stage of the melee between the two sides. In actual combat, the two sides are the army stationed in Tibet and the Tibetan army and people, and their nature is completely different from the previous stage. At the beginning of the war, when there was no external force to intervene, the nature of the war should belong to the internal war in the ethnic minority areas in the border areas of our country. To be exact, It was the improper conduct of the army stationed in Tibet that led to resistance from the Tibetan army and the people. It was a struggle against oppression and anti-oppression. However, with the instigation and assistance of British imperialism, the 13th Dalai Lama further expanded the war situation and tried to expel the army from Tibet. It is no longer a legitimate protest, but a revolt against the central government. According to the division of the turbulent period, this article is mainly divided into two parts. The first part is the internal disorder of the Army stationed in Tibet. This part deals with the cause, the specific process and the situation of the civil unrest. The second part is the war between the Central Army stationed in Tibet and the Tibetan Army. In this part, this article will first introduce the conflict situation in other sites outside Lhasa, and then specifically describe the Lhasa war, which involves the causes of the war. In the concrete process, the incident of "expelling Han", the reason why the army in Tibet was expelled as many as possible and the reason why the 13th Dalai insisted on expelling the army in Tibet.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中央民族大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號(hào)】：K258

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