發(fā)布時間：2018-03-20 07:32

  本文選題：彭湃　切入點：農(nóng)民　出處：《上海師范大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：本文以海豐農(nóng)民的革命性與保守性切入點,展開闡述了彭湃是如何破解農(nóng)民的保守性,激活與發(fā)展農(nóng)民的革命性。經(jīng)過革命實踐,彭湃探索出動員農(nóng)民的一系列經(jīng)驗。具體說,他從思想機制、利益機制、組織機制三個方面成功將農(nóng)民組織起來。首先,在思想機制上,本文主要講述了如何培養(yǎng)農(nóng)民的階級意識。彭湃通過比較農(nóng)民與地主的付出與收獲,使農(nóng)民產(chǎn)生絕對剝奪感,從而形成農(nóng)民對自己的社會弱者角色的認(rèn)知,以這種身份認(rèn)同與辨別為基礎(chǔ),成功地把階級意識嵌入到農(nóng)民的思想中。其次,在利益機制上,本文講述了彭湃通過步步為營、由小及大的策略,逐步打破傳統(tǒng)規(guī)則,成功激活與加強了農(nóng)民的利益訴求,并把這種樸素的利益訴求巧妙地納入到農(nóng)會組織框架中,使之成為農(nóng)會運動的動力。面對農(nóng)民日益增進的利益訴求,彭湃采取經(jīng)濟斗爭與政治斗爭的手段,來滿足農(nóng)民的愿望。在組織機制上,本文陳述農(nóng)民與農(nóng)會之間形成一種保護與被保護的共同體,廣大底層農(nóng)民的積極加入壯大了農(nóng)會。而農(nóng)會又因其為農(nóng)民提供的多方面爭取利益的渠道,吸引了更多農(nóng)民的加入。最后,本文概括了農(nóng)民動員的政治后果。一方面是農(nóng)民大量加入農(nóng)會,農(nóng)民運動風(fēng)起云涌。但另一方面,則由于地主與農(nóng)會之間你來我往的斗爭,進一步強化了農(nóng)民的階級意識。本文還進而分析農(nóng)民在利益欲望的膨脹下,以及在與地主生死存亡斗爭的互動過程中,最終演化為激進的革命恐怖行為的過程。最后,農(nóng)會也受制于農(nóng)民的革命樸素欲望,通過進一步激化矛盾來強化階級斗爭的決策,然而由于力量對比不利于農(nóng)民,最終導(dǎo)致農(nóng)民運動受到鎮(zhèn)壓轉(zhuǎn)向低潮。 海豐農(nóng)民運動在中國革命史上具有重要的歷史地位,海豐農(nóng)民運動的革命性是無庸置疑的,本文指出,它的不成熟性、粗放性與激進性,是革命發(fā)展初期階段難以避免的,同時也是與中國革命發(fā)展初期階段的歷史環(huán)境條件相聯(lián)系的,當(dāng)中國革命步步深入,中國革命者的政治思維與政治經(jīng)驗進一步在斗爭中成熟,海豐農(nóng)民運動所體現(xiàn)的缺點也逐漸被新一代革命者克服,這一段歷史為人們提供的經(jīng)驗教訓(xùn)將納入到中國人的思想寶庫中。
[Abstract]:Based on the revolutionary and conservative point of view of Haifeng peasants, this paper expounds how Peng Pai cracked the conservatism of peasants, activated and developed their revolutionary nature. After the revolutionary practice, Peng Pai explored a series of experiences in mobilizing peasants. He successfully organized the peasants from three aspects: ideological mechanism, benefit mechanism and organizational mechanism. First, in the ideological mechanism, this paper mainly describes how to cultivate the class consciousness of peasants. Peng Pai compares the efforts and gains of peasants and landlords. In order to make farmers feel absolutely deprived and form their cognition of the role of the weak in their society, they successfully embed class awareness into the peasants' thoughts on the basis of this identity and discrimination. Secondly, in the interest mechanism, This paper tells that Peng Pai gradually broke the traditional rules and succeeded in activating and strengthening the peasants' interest demands through the step by step, by small and large strategies, and skillfully brought this simple interest appeal into the framework of the peasant association organization. To make it the driving force of the peasant association movement. In the face of the increasing interest demands of the peasants, Peng Pai adopted the means of economic and political struggle to satisfy the peasants' wishes. In terms of organizational mechanism, This paper states that there is a community of protection and protection between farmers and peasant associations, and the active participation of the peasants at the bottom has strengthened the farmers' associations. Finally, this paper summarizes the political consequences of peasant mobilization. On the one hand, the peasants have joined peasant associations in large numbers, and the peasant movement is surging. On the other hand, due to the struggle between the landlords and peasant associations, It further strengthens the class consciousness of the peasants. This paper also analyzes the process of the peasants in the expansion of interest desire, and in the interactive process of the struggle against the landlord, which eventually evolved into a radical revolutionary terrorist act. Finally, Peasant associations are also constrained by the peasants' desire for revolutionary simplicity and intensify the decision of class struggle by further intensifying contradictions. However, because the contrast of power is not favorable to the peasants, the peasant movement is finally suppressed and turned to a low tide. The Haifeng peasant movement has an important historical position in the history of Chinese revolution. The revolutionary nature of the Haifeng peasant movement is beyond doubt. This paper points out that its immature, extensive and radical nature is inevitable in the early stage of revolution development. At the same time, it is also linked to the historical environmental conditions in the early stages of the development of the Chinese revolution. As the Chinese revolution deepened step by step, the political thinking and experience of the Chinese revolutionaries were further matured in the struggle. The shortcomings embodied in the Haifeng peasant movement were gradually overcome by the new generation of revolutionaries, and the experience and lessons provided by this period of history will be brought into the Chinese thought treasury.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：K262

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