發(fā)布時間：2018-03-14 20:51

  本文選題：辛亥革命　切入點：黃花崗七十二烈士　出處：《近代史研究》2017年02期 　論文類型：期刊論文

【摘要】：民國初年修建的黃花崗七十二烈士陵園曾存在一條飾有骷髏雕塑的墓道,學(xué)界對此的零星討論多止于陵園設(shè)計者潘達(dá)微的個人偏好。事實上,死亡文化在清末民初十分盛行,象征死亡的骷髏符號因此而成為常見的視覺語碼,并隨著時局變化衍生出多種語義。在辛亥革命前,骷髏主要象征民眾苦難和為了改變此種現(xiàn)狀的志士義舉,到了民國初年,政局混亂,民不聊生,現(xiàn)實苦難并沒有因為舉義成功而有所改變,志士的犧牲根本無法獲得革命話語所預(yù)設(shè)的價值兌現(xiàn),象征民眾苦難的骷髏意涵由此延續(xù),而象征志士義舉的情感意蘊(yùn)則發(fā)生了極大逆轉(zhuǎn)——由視死如歸的膽氣和希望轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)樯摕o的失落與彷徨。黃花崗七十二烈士墓的骷髏設(shè)計,正是在這樣一個動態(tài)的意義網(wǎng)絡(luò)中,通過凸顯先烈之死的慘烈與驚怖,追問個體生命的終極價值和辛亥革命的根本意義。
[Abstract]:The 72 Martyrs Cemetery in Huanghuagang, built in the early part of the Republic of China, once had a tomb path decorated with skeleton sculptures. The sporadic discussions in academic circles ended in the personal preferences of the cemetery designer Pan Dawa. In fact, the culture of death was very popular in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China. As a result, the skeleton symbol of death became a common visual code and spawned a variety of semantics over the course of the current situation. Before the Revolution of 1911, the skeleton mainly symbolized the suffering of the people and the noble deeds of the people in order to change the status quo, and in the early years of the Republic of China, The political situation is chaotic, the people are dying, the reality of suffering has not changed because of the success of righteousness, the sacrifice of the people with lofty ideals simply cannot be realized in the value presupposed by the revolutionary discourse, and the skeleton meaning symbolizing the suffering of the people has thus continued. However, the emotional implication of the act of symbolizing the righteousness of Shi Shi has been greatly reversed-from the courage and hope of death to the loss and loss of nothingness in life. The skeleton design of the 72 Martyrs Tomb in Huanghuagang is precisely in such a dynamic meaning network. The ultimate value of individual life and the fundamental significance of the Revolution of 1911 were questioned by highlighting the tragedy and horror of the death of the martyrs.
【作者單位】： 中山大學(xué)社會學(xué)與人類學(xué)學(xué)院;
【基金】：廣東省哲學(xué)社會科學(xué)“十三五”規(guī)劃學(xué)科共建項目“廣東志士與中國近代公益話語的萌芽”(GD16XLS06) 中山大學(xué)人文社會科學(xué)青年教師桐山基金(1709001)的階段性成果
【分類號】：K257
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本文編號：1612845