本文關(guān)鍵詞： 晚清時(shí)期 廣西 邊疆開(kāi)發(fā)思想 政策實(shí)踐　出處：《廣西師范大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：邊疆史地研究作為我國(guó)傳統(tǒng)史學(xué)研究中的重要組成部分,長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)受到治史者的關(guān)注。近代以降,更是經(jīng)歷兩次研究高潮,喚醒了國(guó)人對(duì)邊疆地區(qū)的關(guān)注。自上世紀(jì)80年代起,中國(guó)邊疆史地研究掀起了新一輪的學(xué)術(shù)研究熱潮,至今仍方興未艾。廣西地處華南、西南結(jié)合部,不僅是我國(guó)面向東盟的重要門(mén)戶(hù)和前沿地帶,也是西南地區(qū)最便捷的出海大通道,因此在促進(jìn)區(qū)域協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展、深化與東盟開(kāi)放合作、維護(hù)國(guó)家安全和西南邊疆穩(wěn)定中具有重要戰(zhàn)略地位。從歷史上來(lái)看,廣西為守護(hù)我國(guó)的西南門(mén)戶(hù)作出了重大貢獻(xiàn)。不僅如此,在這片土地上生活的人們,還在具體實(shí)踐活動(dòng)中為地方開(kāi)發(fā)積累了寶貴經(jīng)驗(yàn),從而推動(dòng)了地方社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展。 本文所指“開(kāi)發(fā)”,是指對(duì)政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化教育等各方面的建設(shè)和治理。晚清時(shí)期尤其是中法戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)后,出于應(yīng)對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)外劇烈而復(fù)雜的環(huán)境變遷,以馬丕瑤、張鳴岐、蘇元春等為代表的廣西官員或主動(dòng)、或被動(dòng)的提出了各種開(kāi)發(fā)和建設(shè)廣西的思想主張,并在一定程度上付諸實(shí)踐,取得了一些成效。盡管前賢時(shí)人對(duì)近代廣西的開(kāi)發(fā)活動(dòng)有所述及,但對(duì)晚清時(shí)期廣西開(kāi)發(fā)的思想和實(shí)踐缺乏全面、詳細(xì)的論述,同時(shí)亦缺乏多層次、多角度的理論分析。有鑒于此,本文以晚清時(shí)期中法戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)后至清帝退位間近三十年(1885—1911)為研究時(shí)段,以廣西為研究載體和視域,力圖通過(guò)梳理與研究各種開(kāi)發(fā)、建設(shè)廣西的思想主張和政策,考察具體的歷史實(shí)踐活動(dòng)。同時(shí),通過(guò)共時(shí)性和歷時(shí)性的綜合探討,對(duì)各種思想主張和政策實(shí)踐活動(dòng)進(jìn)行總結(jié)和評(píng)價(jià),從而為當(dāng)前乃至今后一段時(shí)期內(nèi)的區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和構(gòu)建和諧社會(huì)提供歷史的借鑒和現(xiàn)實(shí)的參考。 本文認(rèn)為,中法戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)后,無(wú)論是清政府還是廣西地方政府中的有識(shí)官員,出于國(guó)防的需要,對(duì)廣西地理位置重要性的認(rèn)識(shí)有所提高。于是,他們紛紛提出諸如移民實(shí)邊、修建鐵路、興辦教育等建議,主要涉及農(nóng)業(yè)、工礦業(yè)、交通、文化教育等內(nèi)容。盡管其初衷是“固邊圉”,但客觀(guān)上為廣西的地方社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展做出了貢獻(xiàn)。當(dāng)然,同時(shí)我們也應(yīng)看到,由于受到晚清時(shí)期大環(huán)境的影響,通過(guò)這些措施也并不能完全實(shí)現(xiàn)“固邊圉”的目的,只是在一定程度上有所緩解而已。另外,領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力量、正確的指導(dǎo)思想、符合地方實(shí)際的措施也是不可或缺的重要條件。總之,只有從地方實(shí)際出發(fā),才能制定出正確、有效的開(kāi)發(fā)政策和措施,實(shí)現(xiàn)促進(jìn)和推動(dòng)地方社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的向前發(fā)展。最后,盡管晚清時(shí)期開(kāi)發(fā)廣西的歷史活動(dòng)并沒(méi)有完全實(shí)現(xiàn)“固邊圉”、“靖地方”的目的,但部分獲得成效的經(jīng)驗(yàn)仍值得總結(jié),從而為我們提供一些有益于區(qū)域建設(shè)的建議或啟示。
[Abstract]:The study of frontier history and geography, as an important part of Chinese traditional historiography, has been concerned by historians for a long time. In modern times, it has experienced two research climaxes, which has awakened the attention of Chinese people to the frontier areas. Since -20s, The study of Chinese frontier history and geography has set off a new round of academic research upsurge, and is still in the ascendant. Guangxi is located in South China, the junction of southwest China, and is not only an important gateway and frontier area for China to face ASEAN. It is also the most convenient large sea passage in the southwest, so it has an important strategic position in promoting the coordinated development of the region, deepening the opening and cooperation with ASEAN, and safeguarding national security and the stability of the southwest frontier. Guangxi has made great contributions to guarding the southwestern gateway of our country. Not only that, but also the people living on this land have accumulated valuable experience for local development in concrete practice activities, thus promoting the development of local social economy. The term "development" in this paper refers to the construction and governance of politics, economy, culture and education. In the late Qing Dynasty, especially after the Sino-French War, in order to cope with the drastic and complex changes in the environment at home and abroad, Ma Pi-yao, Zhang Mingqi, Guangxi officials, such as Su Yuanchun and others, either actively or passively put forward various ideological proposals for the development and construction of Guangxi, and put them into practice to a certain extent. Some achievements have been made. Although the development activities of modern Guangxi were described by the former Xianshi people, the thought and practice of Guangxi development in the late Qing Dynasty were not discussed comprehensively and in detail, and at the same time, there was also a lack of multi-level. In view of this, this paper takes nearly 30 years between the Sino-French War in the late Qing Dynasty and the abdication of Emperor Qing Dynasty (1885-1911) as the research period, and takes Guangxi as the research carrier and horizon to try to sort out and study various kinds of development. At the same time, through the Synchronous and diachronic comprehensive discussion, the author summarizes and evaluates various ideological and policy practice activities. So it can provide historical reference and realistic reference for the development of regional economy and the construction of harmonious society. This paper holds that, after the Sino-French War, the knowledgeable officials of the Qing government or the local government of Guangxi, out of the need of national defense, have improved their understanding of the importance of Guangxi's geographical location. The proposals for building railways and setting up education are mainly related to agriculture, industry and mining, transportation, culture and education. Although the original intention is to "consolidate the edge," it has objectively contributed to the local social and economic development in Guangxi. Of course, At the same time, we should also see that due to the influence of the great environment in the late Qing Dynasty, these measures will not completely achieve the purpose of "fixing the edge," but to a certain extent, it will only be alleviated. In addition, the leadership, Correct guiding ideology and measures in line with local realities are also indispensable and important conditions. In short, only by proceeding from local realities can correct and effective development policies and measures be formulated. Finally, although the historical activities in the development of Guangxi in the late Qing Dynasty did not fully realize the purposes of "cramming" and "Jingzhi", some of the successful experiences are still worth summing up. So as to provide us with some beneficial suggestions or inspiration for regional construction.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：K252

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