本文關(guān)鍵詞： 周恩來 民主革命時期 軍事思想　出處：《山東師范大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：偉大的無產(chǎn)階級軍事家周恩來,作為中國人民解放軍的主要創(chuàng)建人和領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人之一,在長達(dá)半個世紀(jì)的歲月中,不僅是黨的第一代領(lǐng)導(dǎo)集體的核心成員,也長期處于黨對軍隊的指揮中心。在他長期的戎馬生涯中,為中國革命戰(zhàn)爭的勝利和人民軍隊的發(fā)展壯大建立了不可磨滅的功勛,同時也形成了比較豐富和完整的軍事思想,為完善和發(fā)展毛澤東軍事思想做出了重要貢獻(xiàn)。尤其是在黨對軍隊的絕對領(lǐng)導(dǎo)、革命軍隊的政治工作、機(jī)要和電訊工作的開創(chuàng)、第二戰(zhàn)場的開辟、以及軍事統(tǒng)一戰(zhàn)線等方面有著獨到的見解和論述。 周恩來軍事思想的產(chǎn)生不是偶然的,它有著特殊的社會歷史條件。20世紀(jì)前中期戰(zhàn)爭與革命成為時代主題,各種矛盾斗爭異常激烈,中國武裝的革命反對武裝的反革命的需要,是周恩來軍事思想產(chǎn)生、形成的時代背景;長達(dá)幾十年的軍事實踐,是周恩來軍事思想產(chǎn)生、形成的實踐基礎(chǔ)。 馬克思指出,實行無產(chǎn)階級專政的首要條件就是創(chuàng)建和建設(shè)無產(chǎn)階級的軍隊。周恩來在中國革命戰(zhàn)爭的漫長歲月中,經(jīng)過長期武裝斗爭的不斷探索和對豐富治軍經(jīng)驗的總結(jié),不僅創(chuàng)立了一支中國共產(chǎn)黨直接領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下的人民軍隊,而且從理論與實踐的結(jié)合上制定和提出了一整套建軍原則:包括黨對軍隊的絕對領(lǐng)導(dǎo);明確提出政治工作是人民軍隊的生命線等等。成功地解決了在長期處于分散的農(nóng)村游擊戰(zhàn)爭的環(huán)境里,如何把以農(nóng)民為主要成分的革命軍隊建設(shè)成為一支無產(chǎn)階級性質(zhì)的、同人民群眾保持血肉聯(lián)系的新型人民軍隊的問題。 周恩來曾長期在白區(qū)堅持斗爭,在我們黨的第一代領(lǐng)導(dǎo)集體中,他主管白區(qū)工作的時間最長。十年內(nèi)戰(zhàn)時期在白區(qū)工作長達(dá)四年之久,他不僅參與領(lǐng)導(dǎo)軍事戰(zhàn)線的武裝斗爭,又一直是反動統(tǒng)治地區(qū)的地下斗爭的主要領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人;抗戰(zhàn)初期,他是長江局的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人之一,1939年初,就任南方局書記,是黨在國民黨統(tǒng)治區(qū)的各方面工作的總負(fù)責(zé)人;解放戰(zhàn)爭時期,他又兼任中央城市工作部長,負(fù)責(zé)蔣管區(qū)的一切工作,最早闡述了“第二條戰(zhàn)線”的戰(zhàn)略思想。這些均有力地指導(dǎo)了白區(qū)的革命斗爭。 統(tǒng)一戰(zhàn)線,武裝斗爭和黨的建設(shè),是中國共產(chǎn)黨在新民主主義革命中戰(zhàn)勝敵人的三大法寶。周恩來在領(lǐng)導(dǎo)中國革命各個歷史時期,利用他同國民黨軍政要員和地方實力派有過長期交往的身份,把黨的統(tǒng)一戰(zhàn)線理論靈活地運用于軍事領(lǐng)域,充分利用敵人的內(nèi)部矛盾,積極開展統(tǒng)戰(zhàn)工作,取得了突出成就,周恩來因為這種特殊的經(jīng)歷而在軍事統(tǒng)戰(zhàn)方面做出了較黨的其他領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人更突出的貢獻(xiàn)。同時,這一思想的運用,既推進(jìn)了中國革命的歷史進(jìn)程,又為黨的統(tǒng)戰(zhàn)理論與實踐的發(fā)展做出了重大的貢獻(xiàn)。 總之,周恩來在領(lǐng)導(dǎo)和指揮中國革命戰(zhàn)爭的實踐過程中所形成的軍事思想,是馬克思軍事理論與中國革命戰(zhàn)爭和國防建設(shè)具體實踐相結(jié)合的產(chǎn)物,是毛澤東軍事思想的有機(jī)組成部分,是人民軍隊建設(shè)和克敵制勝的法寶。對于新形勢下的國防建設(shè)仍然具有非凡的長遠(yuǎn)的指導(dǎo)意義。
[Abstract]:As one of the main founders and leaders of the Chinese People ' s Liberation Army ( PLA ) , the great proletariat militaries have made important contributions to the victory of China ' s revolutionary war and the development of the people ' s army . In his long - term military career , he has made important contributions to the victory of China ' s revolutionary war and the development of the people ' s army . In particular , it has a unique insight and discussion on the absolute leadership of the army , the political work of the revolutionary army , the opening of the second battlefield , and the military united front . Zhou Enlai ' s military thought is not accidental , it has special social and historical conditions . In the middle of the 20th century , the war and revolution became the theme of the times , the conflicts fought abnormally , the Chinese armed revolution opposed the need of armed counter - revolution , and it was the historical background of Zhou ' s military thought and formed . Marx pointed out that the first and the most important condition for carrying out the dictatorship of the proletariat is to create and construct the army of the proletariat . In the early days of the War of Liberation , he was one of the leaders of the Yangtze River Bureau . In the early days of the War of Liberation , he was one of the leaders of the Yangtze River Bureau . In the early days of the War of Liberation , he served as the general leader of the Party in all aspects of the Kuomintang ' s ruling area . In the early 1939 , he served as the chief minister of the Central City , responsible for all the work of the Communist Party in the Kuomintang areas and expounded the strategic thought of " the second front " . All these strongly guided the revolutionary struggle of the White Area . The united front , the armed struggle and the Party ' s construction are the three great treasures of the Communist Party of China to defeat the enemy in the new - democratic revolution . He has made great contributions to the Party ' s united front theory in the military field by taking full advantage of the internal contradictions of the enemy and making full use of the internal contradictions of the enemy and making full use of the internal contradictions of the enemy and making full use of the internal contradictions of the enemy , and has made great contributions to the development of the Party ' s theory and practice . In short , Zhou Enlai ' s military thought during the course of leading and commanding the Chinese revolutionary war is the product of the combination of Marx ' s military theory with China ' s revolutionary war and the concrete practice of national defense construction . It is the organic part of Mao Zedong ' s military thought . It is the magic weapon of the construction of the people ' s army and the enemy ' s victory . For the new situation , the defense construction still has a remarkable long - term guiding significance .

【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：E092;K26

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