本文關(guān)鍵詞： 集體化 鬧退社 政治應(yīng)對(duì) 適應(yīng)性行為　出處：《安徽史學(xué)》2017年05期 　論文類型：期刊論文

【摘要】：1956年農(nóng)業(yè)社會(huì)主義改造完成后,不少農(nóng)村出現(xiàn)了"鬧、退社"問題。本文通過對(duì)皖西北地區(qū)的研究發(fā)現(xiàn),"鬧、退社"現(xiàn)象出現(xiàn)的原因除了農(nóng)民收入下降,還在于其難以適應(yīng)社會(huì)主義改造提前結(jié)束后的鄉(xiāng)村形勢(shì)轉(zhuǎn)變。文章認(rèn)為,1956年社會(huì)主義改造的提前完成,使鄉(xiāng)村在技術(shù)經(jīng)驗(yàn)和社會(huì)心理兩個(gè)方面都存在著適應(yīng)困難。技術(shù)經(jīng)驗(yàn)障礙主要表現(xiàn)在干部匱乏和集體生產(chǎn)的管理經(jīng)驗(yàn)不足;社會(huì)心理障礙則反映在鄉(xiāng)村的利己主義思想與集體主義原則的矛盾。而政府在"反右"形勢(shì)下以"辯論斗爭(zhēng)"的方式應(yīng)對(duì)適應(yīng)難題,非但未見其效,反而催生了貫穿整個(gè)鄉(xiāng)村集體化時(shí)代的"適應(yīng)性行為"。
[Abstract]:In 1956, after the completion of the socialist transformation of agriculture, many rural areas appeared the problem of "uproar and retreat from the co-operatives". Through the study of the northwest of Anhui Province, this paper found that the phenomenon of "nagging and withdrawing the co-operatives" appeared only because of the decline in the income of the peasants. It is also difficult to adapt to the changes in the rural situation after the socialist transformation has been completed in advance. The article holds that in 1956, the socialist transformation was completed ahead of schedule. It is difficult to adapt to both technical experience and social psychology in rural areas. The main obstacles of technical experience are lack of cadres and lack of management experience in collective production. The social and psychological obstacles are reflected in the contradiction between self-interest and collectivism in the countryside, and the government's "debate and struggle" to cope with the problem of adaptation in the "anti-right" situation, not only has not seen its effectiveness. Instead, it gave birth to the "adaptive behavior" that ran through the whole rural collectivization era.
【作者單位】： 華東政法大學(xué)馬克思主義學(xué)院;
【基金】：“全國(guó)高校思想政治理論課教學(xué)科研團(tuán)隊(duì)擇優(yōu)支持計(jì)劃” “上海市示范馬克思主義學(xué)院項(xiàng)目”資助
【分類號(hào)】：K27

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