發(fā)布時間：2018-02-08 20:40

  本文關鍵詞： 民國 安化 黑茶業(yè) 產(chǎn)銷　出處：《湘潭大學》2010年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】： 湖南省安化縣位于資江中游,雪峰山脈北段,以其優(yōu)越的地理位置、適宜的氣候,成為著名的茶葉產(chǎn)地,其所產(chǎn)黑茶在明朝時被定為“官茶”,用于“茶馬貿(mào)易”,行銷西北、蘇俄、中亞等地。 民國時期安化黑茶成品有散茶、緊壓茶兩大類,初期,由于安化黑茶作為邊銷茶,外銷蘇俄,內(nèi)銷西北各省,政府較為重視,原在長沙的省立茶業(yè)講習所遷到安化小淹,進行茶葉品種改良,采用機械制茶,成立茶葉公所,銷售上沿用清朝的引票制,商人持票到安化縣采制、運輸、銷售黑茶,安化黑茶業(yè)得到發(fā)展。 抗戰(zhàn)全面爆發(fā)后,由于交通阻絕,安化黑茶大量積壓,為此省茶業(yè)管理處制定黑茶原料收購標準,貸款在安化設廠試壓新產(chǎn)品——黑茶磚,成功后用于對蘇以物易物,同時在銷售上,改引票制為統(tǒng)購統(tǒng)銷,在一定程度上解決了黑茶積壓問題,黑茶業(yè)也有所起色。 抗戰(zhàn)勝利后,由于捐稅加重,貨幣貶值,茶農(nóng)毀茶種糧,茶葉連年減產(chǎn),又兼交通運輸困難等多種原因,安化黑茶業(yè)在生產(chǎn)、運輸、銷售等面臨困境,黑茶業(yè)已不如之前,日趨衰落。 民國時期,安化黑茶業(yè)經(jīng)歷前期的繁盛,到抗戰(zhàn)及后期雖經(jīng)各方努力,終至衰落。然而黑茶作為一種重要的經(jīng)濟作物,給安化帶來經(jīng)濟收入,豐富了安化人民的社會生活,同時作為邊銷茶,又起到加強民族團結、鞏固邊防的作用。其生產(chǎn)制作、改良經(jīng)驗、衰落的原因值得今天借鑒。從中可以看到安定的社會環(huán)境,便利的交通,優(yōu)良的茶葉品質、制作技術的提高對安化黑茶業(yè)的發(fā)展至關重要。
[Abstract]:Anhua County in Hunan Province is located in the middle reaches of Zijiang River and the northern part of Xuefeng Mountains. With its superior geographical location and suitable climate, Anhua County has become a famous tea producing area. Its black tea was designated as "official tea" in the Ming Dynasty and used for "tea horse trade", which was marketed in the northwest. Soviet Russia, Central Asia and other places. During the period of the Republic of China, there were two main types of tea produced by Anhua black tea, that is, scattered tea and tight pressing tea. At the beginning of the year, because Anhua black tea was sold as a side tea, exported to Soviet Russia, and sold domestically in the northwest provinces, the government paid more attention to it. The provincial tea industry workshop in Changsha moved to Anhua for small flooding. Tea variety improvement, the use of machinery to make tea, set up tea office, the sale of the Qing Dynasty ticket system, merchants to Anhua County to collect, transport, sell black tea, Anhua black tea industry has been developed. After the outbreak of the War of Resistance against Japan, due to traffic obstruction, Anhua had a large backlog of black tea. For this reason, the provincial tea industry management office set up a standard for the purchase of black tea raw materials, and loans were made to set up a factory in Anhua to test the new product-black tea brick, which, after success, was used for bartering the Soviet Union. At the same time, in the sales, we changed the ticketing system to a certain extent to solve the problem of black tea backlog, black tea industry has also improved. After the victory of the War of Resistance against Japan, due to the increase in taxes, the devaluation of the currency, the destruction of tea crops by tea farmers, the production of tea in successive years, and the difficulties of transportation and transportation, the black tea industry of Anhua faced difficulties in production, transportation and sales, and the black tea industry was already worse off than before. Fading day by day. During the period of the Republic of China, the black tea industry of Anhua experienced its prosperity in the early stage and its decline in the later stages of the War of Resistance against Japan. However, as an important cash crop, black tea brought economic income to Anhua and enriched the social life of the people of Anhua. At the same time, as a side sale of tea, it also plays a role in strengthening national unity and consolidating border defense. The reasons for its production, production, improvement of experience, and decline are worthy of reference today. From this, we can see a stable social environment, convenient transportation, and excellent tea quality. The improvement of production technology is very important to the development of Anhua black tea industry.
【學位授予單位】：湘潭大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：F426.82;F326.12;K258

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本文編號：1496221