本文關(guān)鍵詞： 公共租界 衛(wèi)生模式 工部局 衛(wèi)生處 衛(wèi)生官 醫(yī)院 公共衛(wèi)生慈善　出處：《復(fù)旦大學(xué)》2012年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：關(guān)于上海租界及其對上海近代化的促進(jìn)作用,已有不少研究成果。這些論著從西方近代科技、文化的引入,東西方生活習(xí)慣的差異與共融,華洋矛盾的產(chǎn)生與調(diào)和等方面入手,探討近代上海租界的發(fā)展。本文的關(guān)注點是上海公共租界中衛(wèi)生模式的發(fā)展,通過對衛(wèi)生問題的探討,來考察公共租界的發(fā)展及其對法租界、華界的影響。主要內(nèi)容有以下四個方面： 1、“衛(wèi)生處”是何時正式出現(xiàn)在工部局的機(jī)構(gòu)當(dāng)中,它是如何運作的； 2、衛(wèi)生處職員的人事問題,如,雇傭、考核、薪酬等等； 3、上海公共租界租界內(nèi)西式醫(yī)院的發(fā)展； 4、工部局以及社會團(tuán)體所進(jìn)行的慈善事業(yè)。 本文首先從客觀的角度來分析,租界內(nèi)早期人口的增長給租界環(huán)境帶來的負(fù)面影響,糾正洋人偏見式地認(rèn)為華人不衛(wèi)生的印象。其次,從“衛(wèi)生處”這個名字的由來著手,論述衛(wèi)生處的成立過程、人事變化、機(jī)構(gòu)職責(zé)等方面的問題。在梳理完工部局相關(guān)內(nèi)容之后,本文將論述西式醫(yī)院在公共租界內(nèi)的發(fā)展,其中的關(guān)鍵是厘清工部局與西式醫(yī)院的關(guān)系、醫(yī)師執(zhí)照制度的建立,揭示工部局是如何實現(xiàn)對界內(nèi)衛(wèi)生機(jī)構(gòu)、衛(wèi)生從業(yè)人員的制度化管理。 在公共租界的衛(wèi)生模式中,早期存在有必要(工部局)和非必要(社會團(tuán)體)的成分。而后者在發(fā)展過程中,越來越重要,由于資金等方面的因素,社會團(tuán)體的力量越來越不可忽視,這在戰(zhàn)爭時期表現(xiàn)得尤為明顯。本文將從醫(yī)院建設(shè)和慈善事業(yè)兩大部分來闡述工部局和社會團(tuán)體在租界衛(wèi)生建設(shè)中的作用。 在厘清公共租界衛(wèi)生模式中的主體、活動內(nèi)容之后,本文將事業(yè)擴(kuò)大到公共租界以外的華界和法租界。由于管理體制的不同,公共租界的應(yīng)變性和發(fā)展速度都較華界、法租界更快。因此,在諸多方面處于領(lǐng)先地位的公共租界,其衛(wèi)生模式對外界的影響必然比其他兩界的要大。本文在闡述華界、法租界與公共租界在衛(wèi)生事務(wù)上的往來關(guān)系時,將重點突出公共租界衛(wèi)生模式的模范作用。 通過研究工部局衛(wèi)生管理機(jī)構(gòu)的名稱變化、衛(wèi)生職員的人事問題,以及西式醫(yī)院和慈善事業(yè)作為衛(wèi)生模式中不可或缺的一部分是如何運作,是本文最大的幾個創(chuàng)新點。
[Abstract]:There have been many research results on Shanghai concession and its role in promoting the modernization of Shanghai. These works begin with the introduction of modern science and technology in the West, the introduction of culture, the difference and integration of the habits of life between the East and the West, the emergence and reconciliation of the contradiction between the Chinese and the foreign, and so on. This paper focuses on the development of sanitary model in Shanghai public concession. Through the discussion of health problems, this paper explores the development of public concession and its influence on French concession. The main contents are as follows:. (1) when the "Health Office" formally appeared in the agencies of the Ministry of Industry and how it operated; (2) personnel issues of the staff of the Health Office, such as employment, assessment, salary and so on; 3. The development of Western-style hospitals in Shanghai Public concession; 4, the Ministry of Industry Bureau and social organizations to carry out philanthropy. This paper first analyzes the negative impact of the early population growth in the concession on the concession environment from an objective point of view, and corrects the impression that foreigners are prejudiced that the Chinese are unhygienic. Secondly, from the origin of the name "Health Office", After combing the relevant contents of the Department of completion, this paper will discuss the development of western hospitals in the public concession. The key is to clarify the relationship between the Ministry of Industry and Western hospitals, to establish the system of doctors' license, and to reveal how the Bureau of Industry realizes the systematic management of health institutions and health workers within the boundary. In the health model of public concessions, there was an early element of necessity (Ministry of Industry) and non-essential (social group). The latter, in the course of development, became increasingly important, owing to factors such as funding, The strength of social organizations can not be ignored more and more, which is especially obvious during the war. This paper will expound the role of the Ministry of Industry and social organizations in the construction of concession health from the hospital construction and charity. After clarifying the main body and activity content of public concession health model, this paper expands the cause to the Chinese and French concessions outside the public concession. Because of the different management system, the change and development speed of the public concession is higher than that of the Chinese. French concession is faster. Therefore, the sanitary model of the public concession, which is in a leading position in many respects, must have a greater impact on the outside world than the other two sectors. In this paper, the relationship between the Chinese border, the French concession and the public concession in health matters is expounded. Emphasis will be placed on the exemplary role of the sanitation model in public concessions. By studying the change of the name of the health management agency of the Ministry of Industry, the personnel problems of the health staff, and the operation of western hospitals and philanthropy as an indispensable part of the health model, these are the most innovative points in this paper.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：復(fù)旦大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：R126.4;K25

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