本文選題：南宋 + 御營(yíng)司�。� 參考：《西北大學(xué)》2007年碩士論文

【摘要】： 御營(yíng)司是南宋建炎年間所設(shè)立的一個(gè)機(jī)構(gòu)，其全稱是御營(yíng)使司。金人入侵，北宋滅亡，它所創(chuàng)立的一系列體制也隨之滅亡。僥幸逃命的康王趙構(gòu)于兵火之中稱帝，是位高宗。宋高宗君臣為了逃避金人的進(jìn)攻，需要迅速組建新的統(tǒng)治體制。于是宋高宗創(chuàng)建了御營(yíng)司，對(duì)軍隊(duì)實(shí)施有效的控制與調(diào)馭。御營(yíng)司在南宋建炎年間權(quán)限很大，由宰相兼任其長(zhǎng)官，集指揮權(quán)、統(tǒng)軍權(quán)于一身，使樞密院形同虛設(shè)。但是御營(yíng)司畢竟只是一個(gè)權(quán)宜的機(jī)構(gòu)，，內(nèi)部存在著諸多問題。建炎三年(1129)，劉光世、韓世忠和張俊三大將脫離了御營(yíng)司的管轄。御營(yíng)司的權(quán)力受到很大的削弱，并最終于建炎四年(1130)被取消。紹興三十一年(1161)金海陵王入侵，宋高宗擺出親征的姿態(tài)，開設(shè)御營(yíng)宿衛(wèi)司，任命大將楊存忠為“御營(yíng)宿衛(wèi)使”，不過習(xí)慣上仍稱之為“御營(yíng)使”。但此時(shí)的御營(yíng)使以及御營(yíng)宿衛(wèi)司遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不能與建炎年間的御營(yíng)使和御營(yíng)司相比，很快御營(yíng)使與御營(yíng)宿衛(wèi)司被撤銷。御營(yíng)司最終退出了歷史舞臺(tái)。 建炎四年(1130)御營(yíng)司被撤銷之后，朝廷將原御營(yíng)司侵占樞密院的權(quán)力歸還樞密院，同時(shí)將御營(yíng)司并入到樞密院中，改為機(jī)速房。機(jī)速房便始建于此。機(jī)速房在整個(gè)南宋經(jīng)歷了三個(gè)時(shí)期：第一個(gè)時(shí)期從宋高宗建炎四年(1130)到宋孝宗乾道八年(1172)；第二時(shí)期為宋寧宗開禧年間(1205——1207)；第三時(shí)期為宋度宗咸淳九年(1273)至南宋滅亡。在這三個(gè)時(shí)期中，機(jī)速房由一個(gè)樞密院轄下的小機(jī)構(gòu)演變成為宰相府中的辦事機(jī)構(gòu)，再演變成為中書省下的辦事機(jī)構(gòu)，其權(quán)力曾一度炙手可熱。 御營(yíng)司與機(jī)速房在南宋歷史上存在的時(shí)間并不長(zhǎng)，但是他們都曾經(jīng)權(quán)重一時(shí)，對(duì)他們所存在時(shí)期的歷史，尤其是軍事方面產(chǎn)生了重大影響。本文試圖就這兩個(gè)機(jī)構(gòu)的建置背景，規(guī)模及作用影響等問題展開論述，使人們對(duì)這兩個(gè)機(jī)構(gòu)有所了解，并為人們對(duì)南宋歷史的認(rèn)識(shí)提供更多的幫助。
[Abstract]:Yuying Division is an organization established during the Southern Song Dynasty. The Jin Dynasty invaded, the Northern Song Dynasty perished, it created a series of institutions also perished. Lucky to run for his life, Zhao, king of Kang, was emperor in the midst of the army fire. In order to escape the attack of Jin people, the monarch and minister of Gaozong need to set up a new ruling system quickly. So Song Gaozong established the Royal Battalion Division to control and control the army effectively. Imperial battalion division in the Southern Song Dynasty in the years of great authority, by the prime minister concurrently as its chief, set command, unified military power in one, so that the Privy Council. After all, however, the Royal Battalion is only an expedient organization, and there are many problems inside. Jiannan three years of 1129, Liu Guangshi, Han Shizhong and Zhang Jun three out of the Imperial Department's jurisdiction. The power of the Royal Battalion was greatly weakened and eventually abolished by 1130 in four years. In the 31 years of Shaoxing's invasion of the King of Jinhailing, Song Gaozong took a pro-military stance and set up the Department of Imperial, Residential and Health Services, and appointed General Yang Cunzhong as the "Imperial Camp and Guild Ambassador," but it was still customarily called the "Imperial Camp Ambassador." However, the emissary and the Royal Battalion Department were far from being able to be removed quickly as compared with the Imperial Ambassadors and the Royal Battalion in the period of inflammation. The Royal Battalion finally withdrew from the stage of history. After the abolition of the Imperial Battalion, the court returned to the Privy Council the power of encroaching on the Privy Council, and merged the Imperial Bureau into the Privy Council and changed it into a machine room. The engine-speed room was built here. The machine speed room experienced three periods throughout the Southern Song Dynasty: the first period was from Song Gao Zong Jianyan four years (1130 years) to Song Xiaozong Qiandao eight years (1172); the second period was Song Ningzong (1205-1207); the third period was Song Du Zong Xianchun nine years (1273) and the Southern Song Dynasty perished. In these three periods, the machine speed room from a Privy Council to a small office in the prime minister's office, and then into the office of the province, its power was once hot. The Imperial Battleship and the Air-speed Room did not exist for a long time in the history of the Southern Song Dynasty, but they all had a great influence on the history of their existence period, especially on the military aspect. This paper attempts to discuss the background, scale and effect of these two institutions, so as to make people understand the two institutions and provide more help for people's understanding of the history of the Southern Song Dynasty.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2007
【分類號(hào)】：K245

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 熊燕軍;;南宋高宗建炎年間御營(yíng)司及御營(yíng)五軍研究[J];韓山師范學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);2012年02期

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