本文關(guān)鍵詞：宋代皇帝及后妃謚號(hào)制度研究，由筆耕文化傳播整理發(fā)布。

網(wǎng)友Alphago近日為您收集整理了關(guān)于宋代皇帝及后妃謚號(hào)制度研究的文檔，，希望對(duì)您的工作和學(xué)習(xí)有所幫助。以下是文檔介紹：Study onthe emperorand empressposthumous titlesystem of Song DynastyA Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate School of Henan Universityin Partial Fulfillment of the Requirementsfor the Degree ofMasterofHistoryByZhang Yong huiSupervisor: Prof.Cheng MinshengProf.Jia Yuying Date:May,2015I摘要謚法作為中國(guó)古代政治文化的組成部分,是歷代王朝統(tǒng)治的重要工具。謚法產(chǎn)生于西周,創(chuàng)立之初,純粹是為尊祖敬宗、神化先人,春秋戰(zhàn)國(guó)之際,謚號(hào)被賦予褒貶功能。先秦時(shí)期,皇帝謚號(hào)與其生前行為大致相符,漢代以后由于儒家為君父諱惡思想的滲入,皇帝的謚號(hào)大多為美謚。西周至唐前期皇帝謚號(hào)字?jǐn)?shù)較少,唐后期逐漸增多。后妃謚號(hào)產(chǎn)生于先秦,大多冠于帝謚。唐以前后妃謚號(hào)一兩字兼用,唐玄宗時(shí)期開(kāi)啟后妃四字謚號(hào)先例,后妃的謚號(hào)也大都為美謚。宋代皇帝及后妃得謚有一定的程序和禮儀規(guī)范。得謚程序大體上是大臣議謚,命令官員撰寫(xiě)謚冊(cè)寶,請(qǐng)謚號(hào),奉謚冊(cè)寶于靈座等四個(gè)步驟,表明皇帝及后妃得謚程序在宋代逐漸成熟�；实奂昂箦弥u的禮儀比較規(guī)范,但也非常繁瑣,這是維護(hù)皇家尊嚴(yán)必不可少的環(huán)節(jié)。宋代繼承唐代為先帝增謚之風(fēng),除宋欽宗、宋度宗謚號(hào)沒(méi)有增加外,其他得謚皇帝的謚號(hào)都有增加現(xiàn)象,有時(shí)還出現(xiàn)更改。宋真宗時(shí)期揭開(kāi)了為先帝增謚的序幕,被宋代歷朝所沿用,宋徽宗時(shí)期多次為先帝增改謚號(hào),反映了宋真宗、宋徽宗崇尚虛名,不求實(shí)際的作風(fēng)態(tài)度。后妃由于不干涉政事,謚號(hào)只是出現(xiàn)更改現(xiàn)象,目的是為了從于帝謚。宋代嚴(yán)格規(guī)定皇帝及后妃謚號(hào)冊(cè)寶的材質(zhì)、尺寸大小和內(nèi)容,但得謚對(duì)象的不同,內(nèi)容也會(huì)有差異。宋代皇帝及后妃謚號(hào)用字有一定規(guī)律可循。字?jǐn)?shù)上,皇帝的初謚為六字,一般由嗣帝為其奉上,舉行祭祀活動(dòng)時(shí),為其增加謚號(hào),至十六字為止。但宋神宗謚號(hào)增至二十字,是宋代謚法史上的異典。后妃的謚號(hào)字?jǐn)?shù)一般為兩字,但垂簾聽(tīng)政的太后謚號(hào)為四字。用字上,皇帝謚號(hào)中一般都含有文、武、德、功、孝五字,反映出大臣對(duì)皇帝的期許,同時(shí)也映射出統(tǒng)治者所倡導(dǎo)價(jià)值取向和道德標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。后妃的謚號(hào)與其個(gè)人的品行、天資、性格、愛(ài)好、才能等有關(guān),反映出中國(guó)古代對(duì)婦女的最高道德要求。宋代皇帝及后妃謚號(hào)的發(fā)展變化與時(shí)代背景密切相關(guān)�；实奂昂箦u號(hào)制度成為統(tǒng)治者區(qū)別尊卑、維護(hù)等級(jí)的工具,懲惡勸善、維護(hù)禮教的手段,尊崇祖宗、表達(dá)孝敬的方式,神化皇帝、維護(hù)皇權(quán)的武器,因此皇帝及后妃謚號(hào)制度是宋政府進(jìn)行政治統(tǒng)治的需要,是統(tǒng)治階級(jí)的必然產(chǎn)物。宋代皇帝及后妃謚號(hào)制度在繼承前代的基礎(chǔ)上有所發(fā)展,并被同時(shí)代的少數(shù)民族及后代所繼承,因此在中國(guó)古代史上起承上啟下的作用。II關(guān)鍵詞:宋代;謚號(hào);皇帝;皇后;妃嬪IIIABSTRACTRegulation for posthumous titleaspart of the Chinese ancientpolitical culture,is an important tool of dynasticrule.Regulation for posthumous titleoriginated inthe Western Zhou Dynasty,which was purely forancestor worship,deifiedancestors in the beginning of the establishment. Inthe occasion of the spring and autumn,posthumous titlewas given thederogatoryfunction.The pre-Qin Dynasty,the emperor's posthumous namewas given according to theirbehavior,but after the Han Dynastytheemperor's posthumous names were beautified since the Confucian thought that people should speak highly of their ancestors.From Western Zhou Dynasty to theearly Tang Dynasty,Emperor's posthumous namewere a few words,but in the late Tang Dynastythey gradually increased.EmpressYu Xianqin producedmost ofthe posthumous title,crownin emperor shi. Before the Tang Dynasty,Empressposthumous title wasone, two words.Emperor Xuan in Tangopened empress’s four wordsposthumousperiod precedent,which were also beautified.The Song Dynasty emperorand empresstoShihasstandardized proceduresandcertain etiquette.The posthumous title ofprograminfour steps was substantiallyministerdiscussion, ordered officials towriteposthumousbooktreasure,askedposthumous title,BaoLingseat.It isundeniable that theprogramin the Song Dynastygradually matured.The emperorand empresstothe posthumous title ofetiquettewere more normative,but also verytedious to maintain theroyal dignityessential link.The Song Dynastyinheritedthe Tang Dynastyfor the firstemperorto increasethe posthumous titleof the wind. In addition to Song Qinzong,Song Emperor Duzong period’sposthumo

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  本文關(guān)鍵詞：宋代皇帝及后妃謚號(hào)制度研究，由筆耕文化傳播整理發(fā)布。