本文選題：民營企業(yè) + 對外直接投資��； 參考：《湘潭大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著“走出去”戰(zhàn)略、“一帶一路”戰(zhàn)略的貫徹實施和國內需求過剩的事實,對外直接投資(OFDI)受到中國企業(yè)的青睞,逐漸成為對外投資的主流趨勢。企業(yè)紛紛將目光投向海外,依靠國際市場來謀取更大的利益,民營企業(yè)也不例外,經過近40年的發(fā)展民營企業(yè)在對外直接投資中所占比重越來越大。面對日益激烈的國內外競爭壓力,民營企業(yè)唯有通過技術創(chuàng)新來提高企業(yè)的實力,從而立于不敗之地。對外直接投資的影響因素是多種多樣的,可以分為外部因素和內部因素。其中外部因素主要包括經濟因素、政治文化因素和制度因素等;內部因素有吸收能力、技術水平、企業(yè)經營狀況和企業(yè)家水平等。民營企業(yè)進行對外直接投資的方式有建立海外研發(fā)機構、海外并購、海外新建投資和跨國戰(zhàn)略聯(lián)盟,這些都是OFDI促進民營企業(yè)技術創(chuàng)新的有效途徑。接著剖析了對外直接投資對民營企業(yè)技術創(chuàng)新的主要影響——對外直接投資能帶來技術上的模仿跟隨、研發(fā)人才的流動,同時還會形成技術集聚和產業(yè)集群。然后利用統(tǒng)計分析方法發(fā)現(xiàn)民營企業(yè)對外直接投資存量大幅增長、投資者數量飛速上升、投資主體呈現(xiàn)出多樣化等現(xiàn)狀,說明民營企業(yè)正逐漸成為中國“走出去”的主力軍。不僅如此,中國民營企業(yè)的研發(fā)投入、發(fā)明專利數不斷增長,自主創(chuàng)新能力不斷提升。但是,民營企業(yè)在取得飛速發(fā)展的同時也面臨著技術創(chuàng)新的障礙,如母公司與海外子公司的吸收能力不足、中國企業(yè)與東道國企業(yè)技術差距較大、研發(fā)人員和研發(fā)資金的缺乏等問題。通過分析民營企業(yè)對外直接投資和技術創(chuàng)新的現(xiàn)狀和問題,實現(xiàn)了對中國民營企業(yè)技術創(chuàng)新的全方位了解。接著,運用固定效應模型來研究對外直接投資具體對民營企業(yè)技術創(chuàng)新產生多大的影響來進行定量分析,實證結果表明對外直接投資每變動1%,民營企業(yè)技術創(chuàng)新變動2.55%;通過劃分地區(qū)進行異質性檢驗發(fā)現(xiàn)對外直接投資對東、中部的促進作用顯著,對西部地區(qū)企業(yè)影響不明顯;同時文章還得出對外直接投資對技術創(chuàng)新的滯后期有顯著促進作用的結論。最后,依據理論和實證結果分別從政府營造良好的外部環(huán)境、加大支持力度和企業(yè)增強自主創(chuàng)新能力方面提出加強對外直接投資促進民營企業(yè)技術創(chuàng)新的相關對策建議。本文的研究為處于困境中的民營企業(yè)試圖通過對外直接投資來提升技術水平提供一定的理論支持。
[Abstract]:With the "going out" strategy, the implementation of the "Belt and Road" strategy and the fact that domestic demand is excess, foreign direct investment (OFDI) is favored by Chinese enterprises and has gradually become the mainstream trend of foreign investment. Enterprises look overseas, rely on the international market to seek greater benefits, private enterprises are no exception, after nearly 40 years of development of private enterprises in foreign direct investment in the proportion of more and more. In the face of increasingly fierce domestic and foreign competition pressure, private enterprises only through technological innovation to improve the strength of enterprises, so as to stay in an invincible position. The influencing factors of FDI are various and can be divided into external factors and internal factors. External factors include economic factors, political and cultural factors and institutional factors, and internal factors include absorptive capacity, technical level, enterprise management status and entrepreneur level. The foreign direct investment of private enterprises includes the establishment of overseas R & D institutions, overseas mergers and acquisitions, overseas new investment and transnational strategic alliances, which are all effective ways for OFDI to promote the technological innovation of private enterprises. Then it analyzes the main influence of FDI on technological innovation of private enterprises-FDI can bring technological imitation and follow, flow of R & D talents, and form technology agglomeration and industrial cluster at the same time. Then it is found that the stock of foreign direct investment of private enterprises has increased substantially, the number of investors has risen rapidly, and the main investment bodies have been diversified, indicating that private enterprises are gradually becoming the main force of "going out" in China. Moreover, the R & D investment of Chinese private enterprises, the number of invention patents are increasing, and the independent innovation ability is improving. However, private enterprises are facing the obstacle of technological innovation, such as the lack of absorptive capacity of parent company and overseas subsidiary, and the big technological gap between Chinese enterprises and host country enterprises. Lack of R & D staff and R & D funds. By analyzing the current situation and problems of foreign direct investment and technological innovation of private enterprises, this paper realizes the all-round understanding of technological innovation of private enterprises in China. Then, the fixed effect model is used to study the impact of foreign direct investment on the technological innovation of private enterprises to carry out quantitative analysis. The empirical results show that for each change of FDI, the technological innovation of private enterprises changes 2.55.The heterogeneity test shows that FDI has a significant promoting effect on the east and central regions, but has no obvious impact on enterprises in the western region. At the same time, the paper draws the conclusion that FDI can promote the lag of technological innovation. Finally, according to the theoretical and empirical results, from the government to create a good external environment, increasing support and enterprises to enhance independent innovation ability to strengthen foreign direct investment to promote private enterprise technology innovation related countermeasures and suggestions. The research in this paper provides some theoretical support for the private enterprises trying to improve the technology level through foreign direct investment.
【學位授予單位】：湘潭大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F125;F276.5;F273.1

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