本文選題：維吾爾語(yǔ) + 波斯語(yǔ)��； 參考：《中央民族大學(xué)》2016年博士論文

【摘要】：借詞是語(yǔ)言接觸的產(chǎn)物。自上個(gè)世紀(jì)70年代,語(yǔ)言接觸就一直是國(guó)際語(yǔ)言學(xué)界研究的熱點(diǎn)。維吾爾語(yǔ)、波斯語(yǔ)、阿拉伯語(yǔ)以及其他采用阿拉伯字母的語(yǔ)言之間也常常被進(jìn)行比較。在維吾爾族的歷史上,納瓦依撰寫的《兩種語(yǔ)言之辯》開啟了維吾爾語(yǔ)與波斯語(yǔ)對(duì)比的先河；隨著中國(guó)“一帶一路”戰(zhàn)略的推廣,中國(guó)也越發(fā)重視同周邊國(guó)家的交流。新疆地處亞洲的中心,有著地理和政策的優(yōu)勢(shì),于是維吾爾語(yǔ)的重要性也越發(fā)凸顯。要想繼續(xù)發(fā)展維吾爾語(yǔ)必須要了解這個(gè)語(yǔ)言的歷史,縱觀維吾爾語(yǔ)的歷史,借詞在其中占據(jù)了不可撼動(dòng)的地位�，F(xiàn)代維吾爾語(yǔ)受到了波斯語(yǔ)與阿拉伯語(yǔ)的影響,本論文把維吾爾語(yǔ)受到的波斯語(yǔ)與阿拉伯語(yǔ)的影響作為本論文的研究的基礎(chǔ)。任何一種語(yǔ)言與其他語(yǔ)言的接觸,都是兩個(gè)民族在歷史上政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化各方面接觸的表現(xiàn)形式,所以本論文將維吾爾語(yǔ)言中的波斯語(yǔ)與阿拉伯語(yǔ)借詞作為切入點(diǎn),首先把逐步挖掘三個(gè)民族之間的語(yǔ)言與歷史影響作為入手點(diǎn),從語(yǔ)言的相同和差異與語(yǔ)言基本形成歷史變化角度入手,探討了三門語(yǔ)言的體系和特征；對(duì)于每一種語(yǔ)言中每一個(gè)小的特點(diǎn)都不忽略,深度挖掘了每一門語(yǔ)言在每個(gè)歷史階段的特征,以及影響這門語(yǔ)言的所有因素。為了證明維吾爾語(yǔ)中的波斯語(yǔ)借詞與阿拉伯語(yǔ)借詞的區(qū)別,通過查看和比較每一門語(yǔ)言的文獻(xiàn)、歷史材料等,發(fā)現(xiàn)每一種語(yǔ)言在漫長(zhǎng)歷史中通過接觸和融合,和其它民族、遠(yuǎn)離本民族在其歷史階段產(chǎn)生了變化,有些文化保留了一些各自民族的獨(dú)立特征。作者精通波斯語(yǔ)和阿拉伯語(yǔ),在中國(guó)求學(xué)期間學(xué)習(xí)了維吾爾語(yǔ)。作者在學(xué)習(xí)維吾爾語(yǔ)的過程中發(fā)現(xiàn)了這三種語(yǔ)言雖然屬于不同語(yǔ)系,但是在詞匯上卻有很多共同部分,由此引發(fā)了對(duì)比維吾爾語(yǔ)中的借詞的想法。中國(guó)國(guó)內(nèi)之前已經(jīng)有部分關(guān)于維吾爾語(yǔ)同波斯語(yǔ)、維吾爾語(yǔ)同阿拉伯語(yǔ)的對(duì)比,但是其中很多缺乏對(duì)于波斯語(yǔ)或者阿拉伯語(yǔ)足夠的認(rèn)識(shí),因此在語(yǔ)料方面總顯得捉襟見肘。為了補(bǔ)充波斯語(yǔ)和阿拉伯語(yǔ)語(yǔ)料的不足,作者特撰寫這篇論文,希望能為這三種語(yǔ)言的對(duì)比增加一點(diǎn)語(yǔ)料。緒論闡述了維吾爾語(yǔ)借詞誕生的緣由以及中國(guó)及其他國(guó)家相關(guān)的研究。本文總共分為四章。第一章介紹了維吾爾語(yǔ)、波斯語(yǔ)和阿拉伯語(yǔ)各自音系學(xué)概況,結(jié)合這些概況分析三種語(yǔ)言的相似與不同,從而得到判斷借詞的簡(jiǎn)單方法；第二章和第三章分別詳細(xì)從音系學(xué)、語(yǔ)義學(xué)和形態(tài)學(xué)的角度介紹了維吾爾語(yǔ)中波斯語(yǔ)和阿拉伯語(yǔ)的概況。第四章從語(yǔ)言接觸的角度闡述了中伊兩國(guó)友好交往的歷史,也從文化的角度闡釋了借詞在文化學(xué)中的重要地位,從而進(jìn)一步增加了本課題的意義。本文在附錄中提供了作者收集整理的波斯語(yǔ)、阿拉伯語(yǔ)詞匯,為維吾爾語(yǔ)同波斯語(yǔ)和阿拉伯語(yǔ)的比較提供較為豐富的語(yǔ)料和方法。本文通過豐富的歷史背景,綜合分析了三種語(yǔ)言使用的歷史概況,增加了本文的可讀性和趣味性。本文認(rèn)為,維吾爾語(yǔ)中的借詞現(xiàn)象證明了維吾爾語(yǔ)強(qiáng)大的語(yǔ)言活力,證明了維吾爾族人民積極吸收接納其他民族優(yōu)秀文化的優(yōu)良品質(zhì)。在“一帶一路”新的環(huán)境下,希望本文能為兩國(guó)關(guān)系的加深以及兩國(guó)多方面合作提供參考。
[Abstract]:Loanwords are the product of language contact. Language contact has been a hot spot of international linguistics since the 70s of the last century. Uygur, Persian, Arabic, and other languages that use the letters of Arabia are often compared. In the history of Uygur, Nawai's debate on the two languages opened the dimension of Uygur. Where the first Persian language and contrast; with the promotion of "Chinese Belt and Road Initiative" strategy, Chinese also paid more and more attention with the surrounding countries exchanges. Xinjiang is located in the center of Asia, has a geographical advantage and policy, so the importance of the Uyghur language are also increasingly prominent. In order to continue the development of Uyghur language must understand the language the calendar The modern Uygur language has been influenced by the Persian and Arabic languages. This paper takes the influence of the Uygur language and Arabic as the basis for the study of this thesis. The contact between any language and other languages is the two people. In the history of political, economic, and cultural contact, this paper takes the Persian and Arabic borrowings in the Uygur language as a breakthrough point. First, it begins with the gradual excavation of the language and historical influence between the three nationalities, from the angle of linguistic similarities and differences and the basic formation of language. Hand, the system and characteristics of the three languages are explored; for each small feature in each language, the characteristics of each language at each historical stage and all the factors affecting the language are deeply excavated. In order to prove the difference between the Uygur language and the Arabic borrowings in the Uygur language, through view and comparison. Compared with the literature of each language, historical materials, and so on, it is found that every language has changed through contact and integration in the long history, and other nationalities, away from the nation in its historical stage, and some cultures retain the independent characteristics of some ethnic groups. The author is proficient in Persian and Arabic, and learned VUI during the Chinese study. In the course of learning Uygur, the author found that although these three languages belong to different languages, there are many common parts in the vocabulary, which leads to the contrast of the loanwords in the Uygur language. In China, some of the Uygur language, the Uygur language and the Arabic, have been compared. Many of them lack sufficient understanding of the Persian or Arabic language, so they seem to be too short in the corpus. In order to supplement the lack of Persian and Arabic language, the author writes this paper, hoping to add a little corpus to the comparison of the three languages. This article is divided into four chapters. This article is divided into four chapters. The first chapter introduces the general situation of the Uygur, Persian and Arabic phonology, and analyzes the similarities and differences between the three languages, and the simple methods to judge the loanwords; the second and the third chapters are in detail from phonology, semantics and The fourth chapter expounds the history of the friendly exchanges between China and the two countries from the perspective of language contact, and explains the important position of the loanwords in culture from the angle of culture, thus further increasing the significance of the subject. This article provides the author in the appendix. The collated Persian language, the Arabic vocabulary, provides a rich corpus and method for the comparison of the Uygur language with the Persian and Arabic languages. Through the rich historical background, this article comprehensively analyzes the historical situation of the use of the three languages, and increases the readability and interest of this article. This article holds that the loanword phenomenon in Uygur language is proved to be the evidence. Clear language Uyghur strong vitality, that Uygur people actively absorbing the excellent quality of other national culture. "The Belt and Road" in the new environment, I hope this paper can provide a reference for the deepening of bilateral relations between the two countries and the aspects of cooperation.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：中央民族大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：H215

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