對(duì)稱場(chǎng)景中物體朝向變化與空間記憶參照系的建立
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-06-03 19:02
【摘要】：在空間記憶研究領(lǐng)域,空間認(rèn)知活動(dòng)以及空間能力對(duì)于個(gè)體如何有效地記憶環(huán)境中的建筑物的位置以及日常生活物品的擺放,對(duì)于我們準(zhǔn)確感知物體并順利完成抓取物體以及避免迷失方向有重要的意義。以往的研究已經(jīng)對(duì)空間記憶表征的影響因素(環(huán)境因素和自我經(jīng)驗(yàn)因素)進(jìn)行過(guò)深入探討,但是對(duì)于物體屬性對(duì)空間表征的影響作用這方面的研究比較少。已有研究發(fā)現(xiàn)物體朝向一致性和場(chǎng)景再認(rèn)時(shí)的朝向特異性有高度的相關(guān)。這提示物體朝向可能是空間記憶參照系的決定因素之一。并且以往關(guān)于空間記憶認(rèn)知的研究多集中在不規(guī)則場(chǎng)景物體朝向一致與均勻物體條件下空間記憶內(nèi)在參照系如何建立的問(wèn)題上。對(duì)于物體朝向的多樣化組合(朝向隨機(jī),朝向凸顯,朝向和無(wú)朝向的混合等)對(duì)空間參照的系統(tǒng)變化則很少涉及。本研究借助于眼動(dòng)追蹤技術(shù),根據(jù)Mou(2002)等人提出的空間記憶的內(nèi)在參照系理論,采用了基于整組被試的實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì),系統(tǒng)地考察了對(duì)稱場(chǎng)景中,物體朝向一致、物體朝向隨機(jī)、單個(gè)物體朝向凸顯條件下內(nèi)在參照效應(yīng)和觀察視點(diǎn)依賴效應(yīng)的變化。三個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)場(chǎng)景采用3DMAX制作了七個(gè)物體,位置擺放參考Mou(2009)范式,分為學(xué)習(xí)和測(cè)試兩個(gè)階段,任務(wù)采取局部場(chǎng)景再認(rèn)任務(wù)。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)：(1)在物體朝向一致的對(duì)稱場(chǎng)景中,被試在學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程中眼動(dòng)軌跡次數(shù)在0。同類朝向方向和315。同類朝向方向沒有顯著差異,在部分場(chǎng)景再認(rèn)任務(wù)中,被試在0。-180。軸和135。-315。軸條件下的部分場(chǎng)景再認(rèn)反應(yīng)時(shí)沒有顯著差異。(2)在物體朝向隨機(jī)的對(duì)稱場(chǎng)景中,相對(duì)于315。同類朝向方向,被試在學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程中眼睛會(huì)顯著地在0。同類朝向方向上移動(dòng),在部分場(chǎng)景再認(rèn)任務(wù)中,被試在0。-180。軸和135。-315。軸條件下的部分場(chǎng)景再認(rèn)反應(yīng)時(shí)沒有顯著差異(3)在單個(gè)物體朝向的對(duì)稱場(chǎng)景中,被試在學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程中,相對(duì)于315。同類朝向方向,被試在學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程中眼睛移動(dòng)方向顯著地在0。同類朝向方向移動(dòng),在部分場(chǎng)景再認(rèn)任務(wù)中,被試在0。-180。軸條件下的反應(yīng)時(shí)顯著快于135。-315。軸條件下的部分場(chǎng)景再認(rèn)反應(yīng)時(shí)。 綜合本研究三個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)的結(jié)果,可以得出以下主要結(jié)論： 一、對(duì)稱場(chǎng)景中,物體朝向一致性能夠影響內(nèi)在參照方向選擇標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。并且成為空間內(nèi)在參照系的建立標(biāo)準(zhǔn)之一。和場(chǎng)景的內(nèi)在結(jié)構(gòu)成為參照系的可能性沒有顯著差異。而且在編碼和提取階段無(wú)差異。 二、物體朝向隨機(jī)條件下,當(dāng)場(chǎng)景結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)稱時(shí),被試在空間記憶的編碼階段會(huì)選擇場(chǎng)景的對(duì)稱軸方向建立空間記憶內(nèi)在參照系來(lái)表征場(chǎng)景；空間記憶的提取階段,被試在選擇觀察視點(diǎn)和對(duì)稱軸方向建立空間內(nèi)在參照的可能性沒有差異。 三、單個(gè)物體有朝向的條件下,即使對(duì)稱軸沒有被觀察到,被試都會(huì)選擇對(duì)稱軸方向作為空間記憶內(nèi)在參照系方向來(lái)表征場(chǎng)景,即表現(xiàn)出以對(duì)稱軸為內(nèi)在參照方向的內(nèi)在參照效應(yīng),而且這種效應(yīng)不會(huì)受觀察視點(diǎn)和物體凸顯性(即知覺層面)加工的干擾。 本研究在空間認(rèn)知的內(nèi)在參照系理論中引進(jìn)了物體朝向這一影響因素,本研究的結(jié)果為空間場(chǎng)景中多種空間線索的信息整合等問(wèn)題提供了指導(dǎo)。本研究也驗(yàn)證和發(fā)展了McNamara,Mou和Shelton等人所提出的空間記憶的內(nèi)在參照系表征理論。
[Abstract]:In the field of space memory research, the spatial cognition activity and the spatial ability are important to the individual how to effectively remember the position of the building in the environment and the placement of the daily life articles. Previous studies have discussed the influence factors (environmental factors and self-experience factors) of spatial memory representation, but the research on the effect of object attributes on spatial representation is less. It has been found that there is a high degree of correlation between the orientation of the object towards the consistency and the recognition of the scene. This suggests that the orientation of the object may be one of the determinants of the spatial memory frame of reference. And the previous researches on the cognition of space memory are focused on the problem of how the spatial memory of the irregular scene object is built in the space memory under the condition of uniform and uniform objects. There are few systematic changes to the spatial reference to the diversity combination of the orientation of the object (towards random, orientation, orientation, and non-facing mixing, etc.). Based on the theory of the inner frame of reference of the space memory proposed by Mou (2002) and so on, this study adopted the experimental design based on the whole group, and systematically investigated the orientation of the object in the symmetrical scene, and the object faces the random. The change of the effect of the reference effect and the dependence of the view point is observed under the condition of the single object. The three experimental scenes use 3DMAX to make seven objects, and the position is placed in the Mou (2009) paradigm. It is divided into two stages of learning and testing. The task is to take the local scene to rerecognize the task. The results showed that: (1) The number of eye movements in the learning process was 0. The same orientation and 315. There was no significant difference in the orientation of the same kind, and in some of the scene rerecognition tasks, the participants were in the range of 0.-180. And 135-315. There was no significant difference in the re-recognition of part of the scene under the shaft condition. (2) In a symmetrical scene towards a random object, the object is relative to 315. In the same orientation, the subjects will be significantly at 0 in the course of the study. In the same direction, the participants moved in the direction, and in some of the scene rerecognition tasks, the participants were in the range of 0.-180. And 135-315. There is no significant difference (3) in the partial scene re-recognition reaction under the shaft condition. In the symmetrical scene of the single object orientation, the participants are in the learning process with respect to 315. In that same orientation, the movement of the eye in the course of the study was significantly at 0. In the same kind of direction movement, in the partial scene rerecognition task, the participants are in the range of 0.-180. The reaction under the condition of the shaft was significantly faster than 135-315. When part of the scene under the condition of the shaft rerecognizes the reaction. Based on the results of the three experiments of this study, the following main knots can be obtained A. In a symmetrical scene, the orientation of the object can influence the selection of the inner reference direction. The standard of choice and the establishment of the inner frame of reference in space. Quasi-one. The possibility that the inner structure of the scene becomes the frame of reference is not significant. The difference. And in the coding and extraction phase There is no difference.2. When the scene structure is symmetrical, when the scene structure is symmetrical, the participants will choose the axis of symmetry of the scene in the coding stage of the spatial memory to set up the inner frame of reference to represent the scene, and the spatial memory At the stage of the extraction, the participants can set up a space-based reference in the direction of the observation and the axis of symmetry. There is no difference in sex. Under the condition that a single object is oriented, even if the axis of symmetry is not observed, the subjects will choose the axis of symmetry as the direction of the reference frame of the spatial memory to characterize the scene, that is, the direction of symmetry is the inner reference direction. the intrinsic reference effect and this effect is not subject to the observation of the point of view and the object's saliency (i. e., the perceptual layer), The results of this study are the information of a variety of spatial cues in the spatial scene. The study also verifies and develops the spatial memory of McNamara, Mou and Shelton.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：B842.3
本文編號(hào)：2492146
[Abstract]:In the field of space memory research, the spatial cognition activity and the spatial ability are important to the individual how to effectively remember the position of the building in the environment and the placement of the daily life articles. Previous studies have discussed the influence factors (environmental factors and self-experience factors) of spatial memory representation, but the research on the effect of object attributes on spatial representation is less. It has been found that there is a high degree of correlation between the orientation of the object towards the consistency and the recognition of the scene. This suggests that the orientation of the object may be one of the determinants of the spatial memory frame of reference. And the previous researches on the cognition of space memory are focused on the problem of how the spatial memory of the irregular scene object is built in the space memory under the condition of uniform and uniform objects. There are few systematic changes to the spatial reference to the diversity combination of the orientation of the object (towards random, orientation, orientation, and non-facing mixing, etc.). Based on the theory of the inner frame of reference of the space memory proposed by Mou (2002) and so on, this study adopted the experimental design based on the whole group, and systematically investigated the orientation of the object in the symmetrical scene, and the object faces the random. The change of the effect of the reference effect and the dependence of the view point is observed under the condition of the single object. The three experimental scenes use 3DMAX to make seven objects, and the position is placed in the Mou (2009) paradigm. It is divided into two stages of learning and testing. The task is to take the local scene to rerecognize the task. The results showed that: (1) The number of eye movements in the learning process was 0. The same orientation and 315. There was no significant difference in the orientation of the same kind, and in some of the scene rerecognition tasks, the participants were in the range of 0.-180. And 135-315. There was no significant difference in the re-recognition of part of the scene under the shaft condition. (2) In a symmetrical scene towards a random object, the object is relative to 315. In the same orientation, the subjects will be significantly at 0 in the course of the study. In the same direction, the participants moved in the direction, and in some of the scene rerecognition tasks, the participants were in the range of 0.-180. And 135-315. There is no significant difference (3) in the partial scene re-recognition reaction under the shaft condition. In the symmetrical scene of the single object orientation, the participants are in the learning process with respect to 315. In that same orientation, the movement of the eye in the course of the study was significantly at 0. In the same kind of direction movement, in the partial scene rerecognition task, the participants are in the range of 0.-180. The reaction under the condition of the shaft was significantly faster than 135-315. When part of the scene under the condition of the shaft rerecognizes the reaction. Based on the results of the three experiments of this study, the following main knots can be obtained A. In a symmetrical scene, the orientation of the object can influence the selection of the inner reference direction. The standard of choice and the establishment of the inner frame of reference in space. Quasi-one. The possibility that the inner structure of the scene becomes the frame of reference is not significant. The difference. And in the coding and extraction phase There is no difference.2. When the scene structure is symmetrical, when the scene structure is symmetrical, the participants will choose the axis of symmetry of the scene in the coding stage of the spatial memory to set up the inner frame of reference to represent the scene, and the spatial memory At the stage of the extraction, the participants can set up a space-based reference in the direction of the observation and the axis of symmetry. There is no difference in sex. Under the condition that a single object is oriented, even if the axis of symmetry is not observed, the subjects will choose the axis of symmetry as the direction of the reference frame of the spatial memory to characterize the scene, that is, the direction of symmetry is the inner reference direction. the intrinsic reference effect and this effect is not subject to the observation of the point of view and the object's saliency (i. e., the perceptual layer), The results of this study are the information of a variety of spatial cues in the spatial scene. The study also verifies and develops the spatial memory of McNamara, Mou and Shelton.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：B842.3
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