無(wú)意識(shí)成就目標(biāo)的激活與追求
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-06-02 03:04
【摘要】：隨著無(wú)意識(shí)工作激勵(lì)的興起,尤其是無(wú)意識(shí)目標(biāo)管理的應(yīng)用,越來(lái)越多的研究已經(jīng)證明,目標(biāo)可以在個(gè)體的意識(shí)之外被外部環(huán)境刺激激活,并且與有意識(shí)目標(biāo)追求一樣,被激活的無(wú)意識(shí)目標(biāo)同樣可以引起個(gè)體對(duì)于已激活目標(biāo)的持續(xù)追求。 在無(wú)意識(shí)目標(biāo)研究領(lǐng)域,成就目標(biāo)總是通過(guò)閾上啟動(dòng)的方式被激活(Bargh, et al.,2001),研究者將目標(biāo)激活與目標(biāo)追求兩個(gè)階段設(shè)計(jì)為表面上看似無(wú)關(guān)的兩項(xiàng)任務(wù),然后在全部任務(wù)結(jié)束后讓被試完成主觀自我報(bào)告(即是否意識(shí)到目標(biāo)激活),但是對(duì)此實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)的爭(zhēng)論較多。首先,被試主觀報(bào)告內(nèi)容的真實(shí)性無(wú)法判斷；其次,許多研究表明個(gè)體的內(nèi)省能力是有限的。因此,為了獲得更純粹的“無(wú)意識(shí)”狀態(tài),研究一假設(shè)成就目標(biāo)能夠通過(guò)閾下啟動(dòng)的方式得以激活,并且通過(guò)ERP技術(shù)來(lái)探索目標(biāo)激活階段閾下呈現(xiàn)的成就目標(biāo)相關(guān)詞所誘發(fā)的腦電,同時(shí)我們?cè)谀繕?biāo)激活階段采用顏色判斷任務(wù),每個(gè)試次都要求被試進(jìn)行按鍵反應(yīng),記錄被試完成顏色判斷任務(wù)的正確率、反應(yīng)時(shí),作為確保被試在目標(biāo)激活階段注意力集中的客觀指標(biāo)。此外,基于無(wú)意識(shí)目標(biāo)追求發(fā)生機(jī)制的假設(shè)(CustersAarts,2010),前人研究為了探索個(gè)體對(duì)目標(biāo)價(jià)值進(jìn)行判斷,通常在目標(biāo)激活階段目標(biāo)相關(guān)詞之后呈現(xiàn)積極情感詞,但在前人所使用的啟動(dòng)范式中,目標(biāo)激活階段一些作為背景閾上呈現(xiàn)的積極情感詞(很棒、真好等)本身就具有激勵(lì)的作用,因此有可能個(gè)體在目標(biāo)追求階段獲得較好的任務(wù)表現(xiàn),并不是由目標(biāo)激活階段閾下呈現(xiàn)的目標(biāo)相關(guān)詞引起,可能是個(gè)體直接受到了積極情感詞的激勵(lì)。對(duì)此,研究二認(rèn)為前人研究中目標(biāo)激活階段出現(xiàn)的積極情感詞可能會(huì)影響個(gè)體目標(biāo)追求階段的任務(wù)表現(xiàn),為了驗(yàn)證該假設(shè),我們?cè)谘芯慷藢⒛繕?biāo)激活階段顏色判斷任務(wù)中成就目標(biāo)的有無(wú)作為自變量外,也將顏色詞屬性(積極、中性)作為自變量。 研究一：采用單因素被試內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)。自變量為目標(biāo)激活階段無(wú)意識(shí)成就目標(biāo)(有、無(wú)),因變量為目標(biāo)追求階段被試判斷兩位數(shù)加減法算術(shù)式的正確率和平均反應(yīng)時(shí)。在目標(biāo)激活階段,利用ERP技術(shù)記錄閾下刺激(成就目標(biāo)相關(guān)詞,成就目標(biāo)無(wú)關(guān)詞)出現(xiàn)后,所誘發(fā)的ERP成分。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)閾下呈現(xiàn)的成就目標(biāo)相關(guān)詞誘發(fā)了一個(gè)明顯的N2,可能反映了大腦執(zhí)行控制功能在個(gè)體無(wú)意識(shí)成就目標(biāo)激活與追求過(guò)程中的參與。研究二：實(shí)驗(yàn)采用2*2被試內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)。自變量為目標(biāo)激活階段無(wú)意識(shí)成就目標(biāo)(有、無(wú))、顏色詞屬性(積極、中性),因變量為目標(biāo)追求階段被試判斷兩位數(shù)加減法算術(shù)式的正確率和平均反應(yīng)時(shí)。結(jié)果表明,在目標(biāo)激活階段,在積極情感詞條件下,個(gè)體完成顏色判斷任務(wù)的平均反應(yīng)時(shí)長(zhǎng)于中性情感詞條件,似乎說(shuō)明了個(gè)體可以自動(dòng)判斷目標(biāo)具有的價(jià)值；在目標(biāo)追求階段,無(wú)意識(shí)成就目標(biāo)激活(有、無(wú))和顏色詞屬性(積極、中性)對(duì)被試平均反應(yīng)時(shí)的影響存在著交互作用,似乎表明成就目標(biāo)與積極情感對(duì)于個(gè)體的無(wú)意識(shí)目標(biāo)追求有不同影響。 通過(guò)研究一和研究二的結(jié)果,我們認(rèn)為：(1)研究一目標(biāo)激活階段閾下呈現(xiàn)的成就目標(biāo)相關(guān)詞所誘發(fā)的N2,可能反應(yīng)了大腦執(zhí)行控制功能在無(wú)意識(shí)成就目標(biāo)激活與追求中的重要作用；(2)研究二目標(biāo)激活階段閾下呈現(xiàn)的成就目標(biāo)(相關(guān)詞、無(wú)關(guān)詞)與閾上呈現(xiàn)的顏色詞(積極、中性)會(huì)共同影響個(gè)體在目標(biāo)追求階段任務(wù)策略的使用。
[Abstract]:With the rise of unconscious work motivation, especially the application of unconscious target management, more and more research has proved that the target can be stimulated by external environment outside the individual's consciousness, and is the same as the conscious goal, The activated unconscious target can also cause an individual's continuous pursuit of the activated target. In the field of unconscious target research, the achievement goal is always activated by the way that the threshold is activated (Bargh, et al.,2001), and the researchers design two stages of the target activation and goal as seemingly unrelated to the surface The subject is then subject to a subjective self-report (i.e., whether the target activation is recognized) after the end of the full task, but the debate on this experimental design is more More. First, the authenticity of the subject's subjective report content can't be judged; secondly, many studies show that the individual's introspection ability is limited Therefore, in order to obtain a more pure "unconsciousness" state, it is assumed that an assumed achievement target can be activated by a subthreshold, and the brain-induced brain of the achievement object-related word presented at the target activation stage threshold is explored by the ERP technique. At the same time, at the same time, we used the color judgment task in the target activation stage. Each test time required the participants to carry out the key reaction, and record the correct rate and the response of the subjects to complete the color judgment task, and as an objective means to ensure that the participants were focused on the target activation stage In addition, based on the hypothesis of the pursuit of the mechanism of the unconscious target (CustsAgarts,2010), the previous studies, in order to explore the individual's judgment on the target value, usually present positive affective words after the target-related words of the target activation phase, but in the start-up paradigm used by the predecessors In addition, some positive affective words (great, good, and so on) presented on the background threshold in the target activation phase have the effect of motivation, so it is possible that the individual obtains better task performance at the goal-seeking stage, and is not the target-related word that is presented at the target activation stage threshold. As a result, it may be that the individual is directly excited by the positive emotional words In order to verify the hypothesis, we study the presence or absence of the achievement goal in the target activation phase color judgment task as an independent variable in order to verify the hypothesis. In addition, the color word attribute (positive and neutral) is also used as the self-change Quantity. Study 1: single-factor test Internal design. The independent variable is the target of the non-conscious achievement in the target activation stage (with, without). The variable is the target of the target, and the accuracy and the average of the two-digit addition and subtraction arithmetic are determined. In response, after the target activation phase, the induced ER was recorded by using the ERP technology to record the subthreshold stimulus (achievement target-related words, achievement goal-related words). The result shows that the achievement goal-related words in the subthreshold induce an obvious N2, which may reflect the function of the executive control of the brain in the activation and pursuit of the individual's unconscious achievement. participation. Study 2:2 * 2 subjects were used in the experiment Internal design. The independent variable is the target of the unconscious achievement of the target activation stage (with, without), and the color word attribute (positive and neutral). The variable is the target-seeking stage, and the correct rate and the average of the double-digit addition and subtraction arithmetic are determined. The results show that in the target activation stage, under the condition of active affective words, the average response of the individual to the color judgment task is longer than that of the neutral emotion term, and it appears that the individual can automatically judge the value of the target; in the goal-seeking stage, the unconscious achievement target is The interaction of living (with, without) and color word attributes (positive and neutral) on the average response of the individual seems to indicate that the achievement goal and the positive emotion are not the pursuit of the individual's unconscious target. In the same way, by studying the results of one and two studies, we think that: (1) It is possible to study the N2 which is induced by the target-related word of achievement under the threshold of the target activation phase, which may reflect the function of the executive control of the brain in the activation and pursuit of the target of the unconscious achievement. (2) The achievement goal (related words, irrelevant words) presented at the threshold of the two-objective activation phase and the color words (positive and neutral) presented on the threshold will influence the individual's task in the goal-seeking stage.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：B842
本文編號(hào)：2490780
[Abstract]:With the rise of unconscious work motivation, especially the application of unconscious target management, more and more research has proved that the target can be stimulated by external environment outside the individual's consciousness, and is the same as the conscious goal, The activated unconscious target can also cause an individual's continuous pursuit of the activated target. In the field of unconscious target research, the achievement goal is always activated by the way that the threshold is activated (Bargh, et al.,2001), and the researchers design two stages of the target activation and goal as seemingly unrelated to the surface The subject is then subject to a subjective self-report (i.e., whether the target activation is recognized) after the end of the full task, but the debate on this experimental design is more More. First, the authenticity of the subject's subjective report content can't be judged; secondly, many studies show that the individual's introspection ability is limited Therefore, in order to obtain a more pure "unconsciousness" state, it is assumed that an assumed achievement target can be activated by a subthreshold, and the brain-induced brain of the achievement object-related word presented at the target activation stage threshold is explored by the ERP technique. At the same time, at the same time, we used the color judgment task in the target activation stage. Each test time required the participants to carry out the key reaction, and record the correct rate and the response of the subjects to complete the color judgment task, and as an objective means to ensure that the participants were focused on the target activation stage In addition, based on the hypothesis of the pursuit of the mechanism of the unconscious target (CustsAgarts,2010), the previous studies, in order to explore the individual's judgment on the target value, usually present positive affective words after the target-related words of the target activation phase, but in the start-up paradigm used by the predecessors In addition, some positive affective words (great, good, and so on) presented on the background threshold in the target activation phase have the effect of motivation, so it is possible that the individual obtains better task performance at the goal-seeking stage, and is not the target-related word that is presented at the target activation stage threshold. As a result, it may be that the individual is directly excited by the positive emotional words In order to verify the hypothesis, we study the presence or absence of the achievement goal in the target activation phase color judgment task as an independent variable in order to verify the hypothesis. In addition, the color word attribute (positive and neutral) is also used as the self-change Quantity. Study 1: single-factor test Internal design. The independent variable is the target of the non-conscious achievement in the target activation stage (with, without). The variable is the target of the target, and the accuracy and the average of the two-digit addition and subtraction arithmetic are determined. In response, after the target activation phase, the induced ER was recorded by using the ERP technology to record the subthreshold stimulus (achievement target-related words, achievement goal-related words). The result shows that the achievement goal-related words in the subthreshold induce an obvious N2, which may reflect the function of the executive control of the brain in the activation and pursuit of the individual's unconscious achievement. participation. Study 2:2 * 2 subjects were used in the experiment Internal design. The independent variable is the target of the unconscious achievement of the target activation stage (with, without), and the color word attribute (positive and neutral). The variable is the target-seeking stage, and the correct rate and the average of the double-digit addition and subtraction arithmetic are determined. The results show that in the target activation stage, under the condition of active affective words, the average response of the individual to the color judgment task is longer than that of the neutral emotion term, and it appears that the individual can automatically judge the value of the target; in the goal-seeking stage, the unconscious achievement target is The interaction of living (with, without) and color word attributes (positive and neutral) on the average response of the individual seems to indicate that the achievement goal and the positive emotion are not the pursuit of the individual's unconscious target. In the same way, by studying the results of one and two studies, we think that: (1) It is possible to study the N2 which is induced by the target-related word of achievement under the threshold of the target activation phase, which may reflect the function of the executive control of the brain in the activation and pursuit of the target of the unconscious achievement. (2) The achievement goal (related words, irrelevant words) presented at the threshold of the two-objective activation phase and the color words (positive and neutral) presented on the threshold will influence the individual's task in the goal-seeking stage.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：B842
【參考文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前2條
1 彭賀;徐千里;;無(wú)意識(shí)工作激勵(lì):定義、模型及展望[J];心理科學(xué)進(jìn)展;2010年06期
2 陳瑞涵;楊文靜;李海江;張慶林;;無(wú)意識(shí)成就目標(biāo)對(duì)高低成就動(dòng)機(jī)個(gè)體的激勵(lì)[J];西南大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(自然科學(xué)版);2013年02期
，本文編號(hào)：2490780
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