【摘要】：背景 前瞻記憶是指對(duì)將來(lái)要完成活動(dòng)和事件的記憶,用來(lái)反映個(gè)體記住延時(shí)意向的能力。近些年,該領(lǐng)域研究的熱點(diǎn)問(wèn)題為前瞻記憶的影響因素與提高前瞻記憶能力的有效對(duì)策,其中影響因素方面大量焦點(diǎn)集中在情緒、年齡、認(rèn)知方式、線索特征等,極少有涉及到自我效能感對(duì)前瞻記憶完成的影響。而注意狀態(tài)是影響前瞻記憶的另一重要因素,但研究結(jié)論存在很多爭(zhēng)議,此外自我效能感和注意狀態(tài)對(duì)前瞻記憶的交互作用還未曾有過(guò)涉及。 目的 本研究旨在考察注意狀態(tài)和自我效能感對(duì)前瞻記憶的影響,探討注意狀態(tài)和自我效能感是否存在交互作用,并分析同一實(shí)驗(yàn)條件下,兩種任務(wù)類型的前瞻記憶成績(jī)的差異。 方法 實(shí)驗(yàn)一：通過(guò)一般自我效能感量篩選符合實(shí)驗(yàn)條件者100人(高、低自我效能感各50)。采用2(注意狀態(tài)：集中注意、分散注意)×2(自我效能感：高自我效能感、低自我效能感)二因素完全隨機(jī)實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì),注意狀態(tài)和自我效能感均為被試間變量。因變量為實(shí)驗(yàn)所得的正確率和反應(yīng)時(shí)。 實(shí)驗(yàn)二：通過(guò)一般自我效能感量表另外篩選符合實(shí)驗(yàn)條件者100人(高、低自我效能感各50)。采用2(注意狀態(tài)：集中注意、分散注意)×2(自我效能感：高自我效能感、低自我效能感)×2(任務(wù)類型：基于事件的前瞻記憶、基于時(shí)間的前瞻記憶)三因素混合實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì),其中注意狀態(tài)和自我效能感為被試問(wèn)變量,任務(wù)類型為被試內(nèi)變量。因變量為實(shí)驗(yàn)所得的正確率和反應(yīng)時(shí)。 結(jié)果 實(shí)驗(yàn)一結(jié)果：對(duì)基于事件的前瞻記憶正確率而言,注意狀態(tài)的主效應(yīng)顯著(P0.001),集中注意正確率顯著高于分散注意(P0.001),自我效能感的主效應(yīng)不顯著(P0.05)；反應(yīng)時(shí)方面,注意狀態(tài)和自我效能感的主效應(yīng)均顯著(P0.001,P0.001),集中注意反應(yīng)時(shí)顯著低于分散注意(P0.001),高自我效能感反應(yīng)時(shí)顯著低于低自我效能感(P0.001)。 實(shí)驗(yàn)二結(jié)果：對(duì)前瞻記憶正確率而言,注意狀態(tài)的主效應(yīng)顯著(P0.001),無(wú)論基于事件的前瞻記憶還是基于時(shí)間的前瞻記憶,集中注意狀態(tài)的正確率均顯著高于分散注意(P0.001,P0.001)；自我效能感的主效應(yīng)顯著(P0.01),自我效能感和任務(wù)類型的交互作用顯著(P0.05),當(dāng)任務(wù)類型為基于時(shí)間的前瞻記憶時(shí),高自我效能感正確率顯著高于低自我效能感(P0.01)；任務(wù)類型的主效應(yīng)顯著(P0.001),基于事件的前瞻記憶正確率顯著高于基于時(shí)間的前瞻記憶正確率(P0.001)。 對(duì)前瞻記憶反應(yīng)時(shí)而言,注意狀態(tài)的主效應(yīng)顯著(P0.001),無(wú)論基于事件的前瞻記憶還是基于時(shí)間的前瞻記憶,集中注意狀態(tài)的正確率均顯著高于分散注意(P0.001,P0.001)；自我效能感的主效應(yīng)顯著(P0.001),高自我效能感正確率均顯著高于低自我效能感(P0.001,P0.05)；任務(wù)類型的主效應(yīng)顯著(P0.05),基于事件的前瞻記憶反應(yīng)時(shí)顯著低于基于時(shí)間的前瞻記憶反應(yīng)時(shí)(P0.05)。 結(jié)論 1.注意狀態(tài)影響前瞻記憶正確率及反應(yīng)時(shí)；自我效能感影響基于事件的前瞻記憶反應(yīng)時(shí),影響基于時(shí)間的前瞻記憶正確率及反應(yīng)時(shí)； 2.前瞻記憶受任務(wù)類型影響； 3.注意狀態(tài)和自我效能感對(duì)前瞻記憶不存在交互作用；
[Abstract]:background The prospective memory refers to the memory of the activities and events to be completed in the future, which can be used to reflect the individual's ability to remember the delay intention. In recent years, the hot issues in this field are the influential factors of the prospective memory and the effective countermeasures to improve the ability of the prospective memory. and so on, there are few shadows involved in the completion of the self-efficacy sense of the prospective memory In response, the attention state is another important factor that affects the prospective memory, but there are many disputes in the research conclusion. In addition, the self-efficacy and the attention state have not been involved in the interaction of the prospective memory. And. Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of state and self-efficacy on the prospective memory, to explore the interaction between the state and self-efficacy, and to analyze the prospective memory of the two types of task under the same experimental condition. ACHIEVEMENTS The difference of the method is as follows:100 people (high, low) of the experimental condition are selected by the general self-efficacy Self-efficacy (50).2 (Attention: concentrated attention, decentralized attention),2 (self-efficacy: high self-efficacy, low self-efficacy) two factors, complete randomized experimental design, attention status and self-efficacy Can all be tested as a variable. The variable is the experiment. The correct rate and the response time of the experiment are as follows: the general self-efficacy scale is used to screen out 100 people who meet the experimental conditions (high). (50) with low self-efficacy.2 (Attention: concentrated attention, decentralized attention)-2 (self-efficacy: high self-efficacy, low self-efficacy)-2 (task type: event-based prospective memory, time-based, forward-looking) (a) Three-factor mixed experimental design, in which the attention state and self-efficacy are subject to trial-and-question variables The task type is the tested variable. The variable is real Inspection Institute The results of the experiment show that the main effect of attention state is significant (P0.001), and the main effect of self-efficacy is not higher than that of the dispersion notice (P0.001), and the main effect of self-efficacy is not The main effects of attention state and self-efficacy were significant (P 0.01, P 0.001), and the concentration of attention in the reaction was significantly lower than that of the dispersion (P0.001), and the self-efficacy was significantly lower in response to high self-efficacy. The results of the experiment show that the main effect of the state of attention is significant (P 0.001) for the accuracy of the prospective memory, whether based on the event-based prospective memory or the time-based prospective memory, the accuracy of the concentrated attention state is significantly higher than that of the dispersion. The main effect of self-efficacy (P0.01), self-efficacy and task type was significant (P0.05). When the task type was based on time-based prospective memory, the high self-efficacy rate was significantly higher than that of low self-efficacy (P0.01). The main effect of the traffic type is significant (P0.001), and the accuracy of the prospective memory based on the event is significantly higher than that on the basis of the time The accuracy of the prospective memory (P.001) between the two groups was significantly higher than that in the case-based prospective memory or the time-based prospective memory (P 0.001, P 0.001). The main effect of self-efficacy was significant (P 0.001), and the high self-efficacy rate was significantly higher than that of low self-efficacy (P 0.01, P0.05). The main effect of the task type was significant (P0.05). based on Time-based prospective memory response (P0.05). Conclusion 1. Attention is given to the accuracy and response of the state-effect prospective memory, and the self-efficacy is based on the event-based look-ahead. Time-based look-ahead for memristor response memory accuracy and response;2. Prospective memory is affected by the type of task
【學(xué)位授予單位】：新鄉(xiāng)醫(yī)學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：B848

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 崔凱;孫林巖;;大學(xué)生的前瞻記憶與艾森克人格維度得分[J];科技信息;2010年29期

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