社會(huì)排斥極化道德判斷
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-04-10 09:44
【摘要】：人們在生活中常常要進(jìn)行很多的判斷與選擇,其中很重要的一個(gè)方面就是有關(guān)道德的判斷。道德是一定社會(huì)、一定階級向人們提出的處理個(gè)人與個(gè)人、個(gè)人與社會(huì)之間各種關(guān)系的特殊行為規(guī)范(謝熹瑤,羅躍嘉,2009)。所以,道德判斷也不是發(fā)生在一個(gè)真空的環(huán)境里,其既受到道德事件本身的內(nèi)容、性質(zhì)等客觀因素影響,也受個(gè)體的認(rèn)知、情緒、道德自我等身體狀態(tài)和心理狀態(tài)的影響。而且尤其擺脫不了人的影響,因?yàn)槿伺c人之間的關(guān)系之于道德有著重要意義,如果沒有人與人之間的聯(lián)系、互動(dòng),也就無所謂道德。如此,作為建立社會(huì)聯(lián)接的主體——個(gè)人,對人與人之間關(guān)系的體驗(yàn),或者說社會(huì)體驗(yàn),比如社會(huì)排斥體驗(yàn)和社會(huì)接納體驗(yàn),會(huì)對道德判斷有著什么樣的影響呢? 社會(huì)排斥是指個(gè)體被某一社會(huì)團(tuán)體或他人排斥或拒絕,個(gè)體的歸屬需求和關(guān)系需求受到阻礙的現(xiàn)象和過程(杜建政,夏冰麗,2008)。已有研究表明,社會(huì)排斥會(huì)引起個(gè)體強(qiáng)烈的心理反應(yīng),影響個(gè)體的情緒、自我價(jià)值感、認(rèn)知能力和自我調(diào)控能力、人際交往傾向、行為,等(BaumeisterTice,1990；Baumeister,Twenge,Nuss,2002；Buckley,Winkel,＆Leary,2004:DeWall,Baumeister,Vohs,2008；Leary,Tambor,Terdal,Downs,1995；Twenge,Catanese,Baumeister,2002).黃茜羽(2012)研究發(fā)現(xiàn),在社會(huì)排斥啟動(dòng)條件下,被試的道德判斷更嚴(yán)厲,即對道德兩難情境中的利益最大化行為更不認(rèn)同,并排除了自我評價(jià)的中介作用。但是,綜合已有的關(guān)于社會(huì)排斥以及道德判斷的研究結(jié)果,本研究提出了不同看法,認(rèn)為社會(huì)排斥對道德判斷的影響并不僅僅是更嚴(yán)厲或者更包容,而是極化道德判斷。對此,本研究將進(jìn)行實(shí)證檢驗(yàn),并進(jìn)一步探索社會(huì)排斥與道德判斷之間可能的中介變量,如情緒和避害需要。 為了更具體地考察社會(huì)排斥對道德判斷的影響,以及其間的中介效應(yīng),本研究使用回憶范式和團(tuán)體拒絕范式對社會(huì)排斥進(jìn)行操縱,以一般行為情境和道德兩難情境為道德判斷的材料,以大學(xué)生為被試,設(shè)計(jì)3個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn),圍繞以下問題展開研究：(1)社會(huì)排斥對情緒有什么影響?(2)社會(huì)排斥對避害需要有什影響?(3)社會(huì)排斥對道德判斷的影響是什么?是否極化道德判斷,即,將道德行為判斷得更道德,將不道德行為判斷得更不道德,將兩難行為判斷得更極端?(4)社會(huì)排斥是否通過其他因素影響道德判斷,如果有,是情緒還是避害需要,抑或是其他? 研究得到了以下結(jié)論： (1)社會(huì)排斥極化道德判斷,即,受斥個(gè)體將道德行為判斷得更道德,將不道德行為.判斷得更不道德,將兩難行為判斷得更極端； (2)社會(huì)排斥使得個(gè)體的積極情緒體驗(yàn)程度更弱,消極情緒體驗(yàn)程度更強(qiáng)； (3)社會(huì)排斥使得個(gè)體的避害需要更強(qiáng)； (4)情緒和避害需要均不是社會(huì)排斥與道德判斷之間的中介變量。
[Abstract]:People often have to make a lot of judgments and choices in life, one of which is a very important aspect of moral judgment. Morality is a special code of conduct to deal with the relationships between individuals and society (Xie Xiyao, Luo Yuejia, 2009), which is proposed by a certain society and class to deal with all kinds of relationships between individuals and society. Therefore, moral judgment does not occur in a vacuum environment, it is not only affected by the content, nature and other objective factors of the moral event itself, but also by the cognition, emotion, moral self and other physical and psychological state of the individual. And especially can not get rid of the influence of people, because the relationship between people is of great significance to morality, if there is no connection between people, interaction, there will be no moral. In this way, as the subject of the establishment of social connections-individuals, the experience of the relationship between people, or social experience, such as social exclusion experience and social acceptance experience, what impact will it have on moral judgment? Social exclusion refers to the phenomenon and process that the individual is excluded or rejected by a certain social group or others, and the individual's needs of belonging and relationship are hindered (du Jianzheng, Xia Bingli, 2008). Previous studies have shown that social exclusion can lead to strong psychological reactions, affecting individuals' emotions, self-worth, cognitive and self-regulatory abilities, interpersonal tendencies, behaviors, and so on (BaumeisterTice,1990;Baumeister,Twenge,Nuss,2002;). Buckley,Winkel,&Leary,2004:DeWall,Baumeister,Vohs,2008;Leary,Tambor,Terdal,Downs,1995;Twenge,Catanese,Baumeister,2002) Huang Xiyu (2012) found that under the priming condition of social exclusion, subjects' moral judgment was harsher, that is, they disagreed with the maximization of interests in moral dilemmas, and excluded the intermediary role of self-evaluation. However, based on the results of previous studies on social exclusion and moral judgment, this study puts forward a different view that the impact of social exclusion on moral judgment is not only more severe or more inclusive, but also polarizes moral judgment. Therefore, this study will carry on the empirical test, and further explore the possible intermediary variables between social exclusion and moral judgment, such as emotion and need to avoid harm. In order to investigate more specifically the impact of social exclusion on moral judgment and the intermediary effect between them, this study uses recall paradigm and group rejection paradigm to manipulate social exclusion. Taking the general behavior situation and the moral dilemma situation as the material of moral judgment and taking the college students as subjects, three experiments were designed. The following questions are studied: (1) what is the influence of social exclusion on emotion? (2) what is the effect of social exclusion on avoiding harm? (3) what is the influence of social exclusion on moral judgment? Is moral judgment polarized, that is, moral behavior is judged more morally, immoral behavior is judged more immoral, and dilemmas are judged more extreme? (4) does social exclusion influence moral judgment through other factors, if so, Is it emotional or need to avoid harm, or something else? The conclusions are as follows: (1) Social exclusion polarizes moral judgment, that is, reprimanded individuals judge moral behavior more morally and immorally. (2) the social exclusion makes the individual's positive emotional experience weaker and the negative emotional experience stronger; (3) Social exclusion makes the individual's need to avoid harm stronger; (4) emotion and need for avoiding harm are not intermediary variables between social exclusion and moral judgment.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：B842
本文編號：2455693
[Abstract]:People often have to make a lot of judgments and choices in life, one of which is a very important aspect of moral judgment. Morality is a special code of conduct to deal with the relationships between individuals and society (Xie Xiyao, Luo Yuejia, 2009), which is proposed by a certain society and class to deal with all kinds of relationships between individuals and society. Therefore, moral judgment does not occur in a vacuum environment, it is not only affected by the content, nature and other objective factors of the moral event itself, but also by the cognition, emotion, moral self and other physical and psychological state of the individual. And especially can not get rid of the influence of people, because the relationship between people is of great significance to morality, if there is no connection between people, interaction, there will be no moral. In this way, as the subject of the establishment of social connections-individuals, the experience of the relationship between people, or social experience, such as social exclusion experience and social acceptance experience, what impact will it have on moral judgment? Social exclusion refers to the phenomenon and process that the individual is excluded or rejected by a certain social group or others, and the individual's needs of belonging and relationship are hindered (du Jianzheng, Xia Bingli, 2008). Previous studies have shown that social exclusion can lead to strong psychological reactions, affecting individuals' emotions, self-worth, cognitive and self-regulatory abilities, interpersonal tendencies, behaviors, and so on (BaumeisterTice,1990;Baumeister,Twenge,Nuss,2002;). Buckley,Winkel,&Leary,2004:DeWall,Baumeister,Vohs,2008;Leary,Tambor,Terdal,Downs,1995;Twenge,Catanese,Baumeister,2002) Huang Xiyu (2012) found that under the priming condition of social exclusion, subjects' moral judgment was harsher, that is, they disagreed with the maximization of interests in moral dilemmas, and excluded the intermediary role of self-evaluation. However, based on the results of previous studies on social exclusion and moral judgment, this study puts forward a different view that the impact of social exclusion on moral judgment is not only more severe or more inclusive, but also polarizes moral judgment. Therefore, this study will carry on the empirical test, and further explore the possible intermediary variables between social exclusion and moral judgment, such as emotion and need to avoid harm. In order to investigate more specifically the impact of social exclusion on moral judgment and the intermediary effect between them, this study uses recall paradigm and group rejection paradigm to manipulate social exclusion. Taking the general behavior situation and the moral dilemma situation as the material of moral judgment and taking the college students as subjects, three experiments were designed. The following questions are studied: (1) what is the influence of social exclusion on emotion? (2) what is the effect of social exclusion on avoiding harm? (3) what is the influence of social exclusion on moral judgment? Is moral judgment polarized, that is, moral behavior is judged more morally, immoral behavior is judged more immoral, and dilemmas are judged more extreme? (4) does social exclusion influence moral judgment through other factors, if so, Is it emotional or need to avoid harm, or something else? The conclusions are as follows: (1) Social exclusion polarizes moral judgment, that is, reprimanded individuals judge moral behavior more morally and immorally. (2) the social exclusion makes the individual's positive emotional experience weaker and the negative emotional experience stronger; (3) Social exclusion makes the individual's need to avoid harm stronger; (4) emotion and need for avoiding harm are not intermediary variables between social exclusion and moral judgment.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：B842
【參考文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前5條
1 溫忠麟,.張雷,侯杰泰,劉紅云;中介效應(yīng)檢驗(yàn)程序及其應(yīng)用[J];心理學(xué)報(bào);2004年05期
2 杜建政;夏冰麗;;心理學(xué)視野中的社會(huì)排斥[J];心理科學(xué)進(jìn)展;2008年06期
3 程蘇;劉璐;鄭涌;;社會(huì)排斥的研究范式與理論模型[J];心理科學(xué)進(jìn)展;2011年06期
4 鄭昊敏;溫忠麟;吳艷;;心理學(xué)常用效應(yīng)量的選用與分析[J];心理科學(xué)進(jìn)展;2011年12期
5 李建華;馮昊青;;道德起源及其相關(guān)性問題——一種基于人類自演化機(jī)制的新視角[J];中南大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(社會(huì)科學(xué)版);2007年03期
，本文編號：2455693
本文鏈接：http://sikaile.net/shekelunwen/xinlixingwei/2455693.html
最近更新
教材專著
