【摘要】：干擾項(xiàng)預(yù)習(xí)效應(yīng)是視覺搜索的試次間效應(yīng),反映了過去不成功的搜索經(jīng)驗(yàn)對(duì)注意的抑制。本研究中,被試對(duì)情緒材料進(jìn)行視覺搜索時(shí),同一個(gè)畫面中的刺激的情緒效價(jià)可能一致,也可能存在一個(gè)效價(jià)與眾不同的靶子。實(shí)驗(yàn)任務(wù)是要求被試找到該靶子,并對(duì)它的非情緒特征進(jìn)行辨別反應(yīng)。本研究包括3個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn),分別采用情緒面孔的照片、情緒性動(dòng)物圖片、情緒性動(dòng)物示意圖,均發(fā)現(xiàn)了情緒干擾項(xiàng)預(yù)習(xí)效應(yīng)。也就是說,當(dāng)先呈現(xiàn)無(wú)靶子的試次再呈現(xiàn)有靶子的試次,且有靶子的試次中干擾項(xiàng)的效價(jià)與之前無(wú)靶子試次中的刺激的效價(jià)一致時(shí),被試的反應(yīng)要比靶子的效價(jià)與之前無(wú)靶子試次中刺激效價(jià)一致時(shí)更快。這些結(jié)果表明,選擇性注意系統(tǒng)可以利用以往的情緒信息引導(dǎo)注意的分配,使當(dāng)前注意偏離那些曾經(jīng)搜索過但沒有找到靶子的情緒特征,而且這些情緒信息可能是由人臉表達(dá)的,也可能是由于人以外的因素表達(dá)的。這些結(jié)果體現(xiàn)了情緒與認(rèn)知的交互作用,尤其是個(gè)體對(duì)情緒的已有經(jīng)驗(yàn)對(duì)視覺選擇注意的引導(dǎo)作用。
[Abstract]:The interference term preview effect is the inter-trial effect of visual search, which reflects the inhibition of attention by unsuccessful search experience in the past. In this study, when the emotional materials were searched visually, the emotional titers of stimuli in the same screen might be the same, or there might be a target with different titers. The task was to find the target and react to its non-emotional characteristics. This study included three experiments, using emotional face photos, emotional animal pictures and emotional animal schematics, respectively, and found the effect of emotional interference item preparation. In other words, when there is a test without a target and then a test with an existing target, and the titre of the interference term in the test with a target is consistent with the titer of the stimulus in the test without a target before, The response of the subjects was faster than that of the target when the titer of the target was consistent with that of the stimulation in the previous non-target test. These results suggest that selective attention systems can use past emotional information to guide attention allocation, thus diverging current attention from those emotional features that have been searched but have not found a target. Moreover, the emotional information may be expressed by human faces or by factors other than human beings. These results reflect the interaction between emotion and cognition, especially the guiding effect of individual's experience on emotion on visual selective attention.
【作者單位】： 清華大學(xué)心理學(xué)系;
【基金】：清華大學(xué)人文社科振興基金 清華大學(xué)文化傳承創(chuàng)新基金項(xiàng)目 清華大學(xué)亞洲研究中2012青年項(xiàng)目資助
【分類號(hào)】：B842

【共引文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

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本文編號(hào)：2454303