【摘要】：注意瞬脫現(xiàn)象是一種重要的時(shí)間維度上的選擇性注意。注意瞬脫的理論解釋主要有兩類：注意瞬脫資源有限理論和注意瞬脫認(rèn)知控制理論。其中,注意瞬脫認(rèn)知控制理論里的暫時(shí)失控假設(shè)得到廣泛的認(rèn)可和接受——研究者認(rèn)為,注意瞬脫效應(yīng)來(lái)源于執(zhí)行控制功能的不足,容易受到干擾水平的影響。以往的注意瞬脫研究絕大部分都是面向正常被試,僅有的三個(gè)研究面向早被證實(shí)存在抑制控制缺陷的ADHD被試。而這僅有的三個(gè)研究面向的是ADHD兒童和青少年,沒(méi)有探究ADHD成人的注意瞬脫。為了驗(yàn)證注意瞬脫的認(rèn)知機(jī)制以及探究ADHD成人注意瞬脫在各種干擾水平下的特點(diǎn),本研究設(shè)計(jì)了兩個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)。實(shí)驗(yàn)一以15名ADHD成人和18名正常對(duì)照組被試為研究對(duì)象,探究了整體干擾條件下ADHD成人注意瞬脫的表現(xiàn)。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),在干擾水平不同而其他條件相同的情況下,不管是ADHD組,還是正常對(duì)照組,其注意瞬脫都受到了干擾水平的影響,干擾水平越高,注意瞬脫越嚴(yán)重。該結(jié)果支持暫時(shí)失控假設(shè),不支持資源有限理論,即注意瞬脫的機(jī)制為抑制控制不足。實(shí)驗(yàn)二以暫時(shí)失控假設(shè)的理論觀點(diǎn)為依據(jù),用相同的研究對(duì)象進(jìn)一步探究了部分干擾條件下ADHD成人注意瞬脫的表現(xiàn)。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),在較低干擾水平下,ADHD被試的注意瞬脫與正常對(duì)照組被試的表現(xiàn)是一致的；而在高干擾水平下,AOHD被試的注意瞬脫比正常對(duì)照組被試的要嚴(yán)重。 最后,論文從研究設(shè)計(jì)方面提出了今后研究的設(shè)想。
[Abstract]:Attention blink is an important selective attention in time dimension. There are two kinds of theoretical explanations of attention blink: the theory of attention blink limited resources and the theory of attention blink cognitive control. Among them, the hypothesis of temporary loss of control in the cognitive control theory of attention blink is widely accepted and accepted-the researchers believe that the effect of attention blink comes from the deficiency of executive control function and is susceptible to the influence of interference level. In the past, most of the attention blink studies were for normal subjects, and only three studies were for ADHD subjects who had been proved to have a control defect. The only three studies aimed at ADHD children and adolescents did not explore the attention blink of ADHD adults. In order to verify the cognitive mechanism of attention blink and explore the characteristics of attention blink in ADHD adults at various interference levels, two experiments were designed. In experiment 1, 15 ADHD adults and 18 normal controls were used as subjects to explore the performance of attention blink in ADHD adults under global interference. The results showed that the attention blink was influenced by the interference level when the interference level was different and other conditions were the same, whether it was ADHD group or normal control group. The higher the interference level, the more serious the attention blink was. This result supports the hypothesis of temporary runaway, and does not support the theory of limited resources, that is, the mechanism of attention blink is to restrain the lack of control. The second experiment, based on the hypothesis of temporary runaway, further explores the behavior of attention blink in ADHD adults under partial disturbance with the same research object. The results showed that the attention blink of ADHD subjects was consistent with that of normal subjects at low interference level, while the attention blink of AOHD subjects was more serious than that of normal control subjects at high interference levels. Finally, the paper puts forward some ideas for future research from the aspect of research and design.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：B842

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