【摘要】：承諾升級是指決策者在面對失敗的結(jié)果時,仍然向先前的行動繼續(xù)投入資源的決策和行為。以往對承諾升級的研究較多探究決策過程的影響因素,而很少研究初始目標(biāo)對承諾升級的影響。本研究將承諾升級看作決策者追求目標(biāo)的過程,從目標(biāo)進(jìn)展視角出發(fā),分別探討目標(biāo)進(jìn)展、目標(biāo)堅持和目標(biāo)承諾對承諾升級的影響。本研究采用承諾升級情境實驗的研究方法,隨機選取上海市某高校的大學(xué)生作為被試,分別完成三個實驗中改編的情境,分別為飛機制造情境、基金贊助情境和軟件項目情境。實驗一采用的是單變量被試間實驗設(shè)計,其中感知到的項目成功可能性為中介變量。實驗二采用的是2(目標(biāo)進(jìn)展:高/低)*2(目標(biāo)堅持:高/低)被試間實驗設(shè)計。實驗三采用的是2(目標(biāo)進(jìn)展:高/低)*2(目標(biāo)承諾:高/低)被試間實驗設(shè)計。對收集到的數(shù)據(jù)使用SPSS19.0進(jìn)行方差分析,結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn):(1)目標(biāo)進(jìn)展對承諾升級的方差分析結(jié)果顯著,項目成功可能性在目標(biāo)進(jìn)展對承諾升級的影響中起著中介作用。(2)目標(biāo)堅持對承諾升級的主效應(yīng)顯著,即目標(biāo)堅持水平高的個體比目標(biāo)堅持水平低的個體更容易出現(xiàn)承諾升級。(3)目標(biāo)進(jìn)展和目標(biāo)承諾之間存在交互作用。在目標(biāo)進(jìn)展水平低的情況下,目標(biāo)承諾水平高的個體比目標(biāo)承諾水平低的個體更容易出現(xiàn)承諾升級,而在目標(biāo)進(jìn)展水平高的情況下,無論目標(biāo)承諾水平高還是低,承諾升級的得分都較高。綜上可以看出,個體對于目標(biāo)的追求過程中受到目標(biāo)相關(guān)變量的影響,目標(biāo)堅持、目標(biāo)承諾和目標(biāo)進(jìn)展都對決策者承諾升級產(chǎn)生顯著影響。本研究結(jié)果對承諾升級領(lǐng)域的理論和現(xiàn)實研究都有一定的意義。
[Abstract]:Commitment escalation is the decision-making and behavior of decision makers who continue to invest resources into previous actions in the face of failure. In the past, the research on commitment escalation mainly explored the influencing factors of decision-making process, but rarely studied the impact of initial goals on commitment escalation. In this study, commitment escalation is regarded as a process for decision makers to pursue goals. From the perspective of goal progress, the effects of goal progress, goal persistence and goal commitment on commitment escalation are discussed respectively. This study adopts the method of committed upgrading situational experiment, and randomly selects college students from a certain university in Shanghai as subjects to complete the adaptation of three scenarios, namely, aircraft manufacturing situation, fund sponsorship situation and software project situation. In the first experiment, a single-variable inter-test design was used, in which the perceived success probability of the project was a mediating variable. Experiment 2 was designed with 2 (goal Progress: high / low) * 2 (goal persistence: high / low). Experiment 3 used a 2 (goal Progress: high / low) * 2 (goal commitment: high / low) intertest design. SPSS19.0 was used to analyze the variance of the collected data. The results were as follows: (1) the result of ANOVA of goal progress versus commitment upgrade was significant. The possibility of project success plays an intermediary role in the impact of goal progress on commitment escalation. (2) the main effect of goal persistence on commitment escalation is significant. That is, individuals with high goal persistence level are more likely to develop commitment escalation than those with low goal persistence level. (3) there is interaction between goal progress and goal commitment. When the level of progress is low, individuals with high level of goal commitment are more likely to develop commitment escalation than those with low level of goal commitment, and in the case of high level of goal progress, regardless of whether the level of goal commitment is high or low, Promises to upgrade scores are higher. It can be seen that the individual's pursuit of the goal is influenced by the objective-related variables, and the goal persistence, goal commitment and goal progress all have a significant impact on the commitment escalation of the decision-makers. The results of this study are of great significance to both theoretical and practical research in the field of commitment upgrading.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：B842

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