【摘要】：本研究采用問卷法和實驗法對人名的首因效應進行調查。分為兩大部分:第一部分是通過自編問卷,以南京高校本科生或研究生為研究對象,共發(fā)放900份問卷,回收759份有效問卷,考察人名生僻程度、雅俗程度和積極程度是否會影響對該人名的個性特征、人際吸引力和可信度的評價;第二部分是采用實驗法,隨機選取60名南京高校研究生,分成三組,考察人名生僻程度、雅俗程度和積極程度是否會影響對該人名的外貌吸引力的評價。具體結果如下:(1)人名生僻程度、雅俗程度和積極程度對首因效應的影響:人名生僻程度、雅俗程度和積極程度能顯著影響對個體個性特征的評價,尤其是高生僻人名、俗名和消極人名在一些消極特征(情緒化的、自私的)上的分數顯著高于低生僻人名、雅名和積極人名;在人際吸引力、可信度和外貌吸引力的評價上,低生僻人名、雅名和積極人名的評價分數顯著高于高生僻人名、俗名和消極人名的評價分數,且低生僻人名、雅名、積極女性人名能顯著提高對外貌吸引力的評價,高生僻人名、俗名能顯著降低對外貌吸引力的評價;(2)人名性別傾向對首因效應的影響:男性名在“獨立的”“外向的”個性特征評價上均顯著高于對女性名的評價分數,而女性名在“敏感的”、“傳統(tǒng)的”以及“情緒化的”個性特征評價上,分數則顯著高于對男性名的評價分數;在對人際吸引力的評價上,人們對女性名的評定分數均高于對男性名的評定分數,尤其對于不同雅俗和積極程度的人名來說尤為顯著;在對可信度的評價上,對女性的高生僻人名、俗名的評定分數顯著高于對男性的高生僻人名、俗名的評定分數;在對外貌吸引力的評價上,對女性的積極、消極人名的外貌吸引力評定分數均顯著高于對男性的積極、消極人名的評定分數。本研究得出的結論有:首先,人名能夠產生首因效應;其次,人名生僻程度、雅俗程度和積極程度能夠影響對個性特征、人際吸引力和可信度的評價,一般生僻程度較低、越高雅或者越積極的人名,所獲得的評價越好;第三,人名也能產生光環(huán)效應,能提高或降低對外貌吸引力的評價;最后,對不同性別傾向的人名的評價會激活性別刻板印象。
[Abstract]:The first cause effect of name was investigated by questionnaire and experiment. It is divided into two parts: in the first part, through self-made questionnaire, taking undergraduates or graduate students in Nanjing University as the research object, 900 questionnaires were issued, 759 valid questionnaires were collected, and the degree of eccentricity of names was investigated. Whether the degree of elegance and activity will affect the evaluation of the personality characteristics, interpersonal attraction and credibility of the name; In the second part, 60 graduate students in Nanjing university are randomly selected and divided into three groups, to investigate whether the degree of eccentricity, elegance and popularity and positive degree will influence the evaluation of the attractiveness of the name. The results are as follows: (1) the influence of the degree of eccentricity, the degree of elegance and the positive degree on the first-cause effect: the degree of eccentricity, the degree of elegance and the positive degree can significantly affect the evaluation of individual personality characteristics, especially the highly eccentricity. The scores of common name and negative person name on some negative characteristics (emotional, selfish) were significantly higher than those of low eccentricity, elegant name and active person name; In the evaluation of interpersonal attractiveness, credibility and appearance attractiveness, the evaluation scores of low eccentricity names, elegant names and positive names were significantly higher than those of high eccentricity names, common names and negative names, and low eccentricity names and elegant names. Positive female names can significantly improve the evaluation of the attractiveness of appearance, high eccentricity names, common names can significantly reduce the evaluation of the attractiveness of appearance; (2) the influence of the gender tendency of names on the first-cause effect: the male names were significantly higher in the evaluation of "independent" and "extroverted" personality traits than in the female names, while the female names were "sensitive". The scores of "traditional" and "emotional" personality characteristics were significantly higher than those of male names. In the evaluation of interpersonal attractiveness, the scores of women's names are higher than that of men's names, especially for names with different tasteful and positive degrees. In the evaluation of credibility, the evaluation scores of women's high eccentricity names were significantly higher than that of men's high eccentricity names and common names. In the evaluation of the attractiveness of appearance, the positive to the female, the negative person name's appearance attractiveness evaluation score were significantly higher than to the male's positive, the negative person name's appraisal score. The conclusions of this study are as follows: first, names can produce the first-cause effect; Secondly, the degree of eccentricity of name, the degree of elegance and vulgarity and the positive degree can influence the evaluation of personality characteristics, interpersonal attractiveness and credibility. Generally speaking, the degree of eccentricity is lower, the more elegant or positive the name, the better the evaluation. Thirdly, names can also produce halo effect, which can improve or lower the evaluation of attractiveness of appearance. Finally, the evaluation of names with different gender tendencies can activate gender stereotype.
【學位授予單位】：南京師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：B842

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