發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-01-27 10:54

【摘要】：根據(jù)Dijksterhuis提出的無意識(shí)思維理論(unconscious thought theory),個(gè)體決策質(zhì)量與思維模式、目標(biāo)任務(wù)的復(fù)雜性存在緊密聯(lián)系。通過注意是否指向相關(guān)目標(biāo)任務(wù)將思維區(qū)分為意識(shí)思維和無意識(shí)思維。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)在復(fù)雜條件下,無意識(shí)思維的決策質(zhì)量?jī)?yōu)于意識(shí)思維,即無意識(shí)思維效應(yīng)(unconscious thought effect,UTE)。已有研究表明,產(chǎn)生無意識(shí)思維效應(yīng)存在多種邊界條件(moderators)。由此,探索無意識(shí)思維效應(yīng)穩(wěn)定性的條件成為研究重點(diǎn)之一�；诮�(jīng)典無意識(shí)思維概念中認(rèn)知、情感的二維定義,以及當(dāng)前學(xué)界偏重認(rèn)知維度的無意識(shí)思維研究現(xiàn)狀,本研究假設(shè):通過剝離兩者,探索兩類(即認(rèn)知和情感)無意識(shí)思維效應(yīng)的差異,冀以獲得無意識(shí)思維效應(yīng)的新邊界條件,推動(dòng)無意識(shí)思維理論的發(fā)展。本研究以Dijksterhuis無意識(shí)思維概念中認(rèn)知與情感二維度定義為邏輯起點(diǎn),創(chuàng)制新實(shí)驗(yàn)材料。以推理及概念形成任務(wù)材料為載體,考察“認(rèn)知無意識(shí)思維效應(yīng)”;以情感實(shí)驗(yàn)材料為載體,考察“情感無意識(shí)思維效應(yīng)”。厘清無意識(shí)思維效應(yīng)中認(rèn)知與情感的新邊界條件。本研究通過四個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)得到如下結(jié)論:第一,解決純認(rèn)知性復(fù)雜問題時(shí),不存在“認(rèn)知無意識(shí)思維效應(yīng)”。即解決純認(rèn)知性復(fù)雜問題時(shí),認(rèn)知意識(shí)思維組的成績(jī)顯著優(yōu)于認(rèn)知無意識(shí)思維組成績(jī)和立即決策組成績(jī)。第二,解決純情感復(fù)雜問題時(shí),存在“情感無意識(shí)思維效應(yīng)”。即高情感喚醒的無意識(shí)思維組成績(jī)顯著優(yōu)于意識(shí)思維組;低情感喚醒的無意識(shí)思維組成績(jī)與意識(shí)思維組無顯著差異。第三,解決情境問題時(shí)(認(rèn)知和情感交互作用),認(rèn)知方面的信息對(duì)無意識(shí)思維效應(yīng)的影響比情感方面更大。具體表現(xiàn)為:相較于純圖片材料,無意識(shí)思維效應(yīng)只出現(xiàn)在圖文結(jié)合的實(shí)驗(yàn)中。
[Abstract]:According to the unconscious thinking theory proposed by Dijksterhuis, the quality of individual decision-making and the mode of thinking of (unconscious thought theory), are closely related to the complexity of goal and task. The thinking is divided into conscious thinking and unconscious thinking by focusing on the relevant target tasks. It is found that the decision-making quality of unconscious thinking is superior to that of conscious thinking under complex conditions, that is, the unconscious thinking effect (unconscious thought effect,UTE). Studies have shown that there are many boundary conditions for (moderators). To produce unconscious thinking effects. Therefore, exploring the conditions for the stability of unconscious thinking effect has become one of the key research points. Based on the two-dimensional definition of cognition and emotion in the concept of classical unconscious thinking, and the current situation of the research on unconscious thinking in academic circles, this study hypothesizes: by stripping the two, In order to obtain the new boundary conditions of unconscious thinking effect and promote the development of unconscious thinking theory, this paper explores the differences between the two kinds of unconscious thinking effects (that is, cognition and emotion). Based on the definition of two dimensions of cognition and emotion in the concept of Dijksterhuis's unconscious thinking, this study creates new experimental materials. The "cognitive unconscious thinking effect" is investigated with the material of reasoning and conceptual formation task as the carrier, and the "emotional unconscious thinking effect" with the affective experimental material as the carrier. To clarify the new boundary conditions of cognition and emotion in unconscious thinking effect. The main conclusions of this study are as follows: first, there is no "cognitive unconscious thinking effect" when solving pure cognitive complex problems. That is to say, the scores of cognitive conscious thinking group are better than those of cognitive unconscious thinking group and immediate decision group when solving pure cognitive complex problems. Second, when solving complex problems of pure emotion, there is "emotional unconscious thinking effect". That is, the scores of unconscious thinking group with high emotional arousal were significantly better than those of conscious thinking group, while the scores of unconscious thinking group with low emotional arousal were not significantly different from those of conscious thinking group. Third, when solving situational problems (cognitive and affective interaction), cognitive information has a greater effect on unconscious thinking than affective. Compared with the pure picture material, the unconscious thinking effect only appears in the experiment of the combination of picture and text.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：寧波大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：B842

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