【摘要】：自我建構(gòu)(Self-Construal)是指?jìng)�(gè)體如何認(rèn)識(shí)、理解自我,如何看待自我和他人的關(guān)系及其意義;主觀幸福感是指?jìng)�(gè)體對(duì)個(gè)人生活的積極評(píng)價(jià),它包含了三個(gè)獨(dú)立的維度:正性情感、負(fù)性情感和認(rèn)知維度,主觀幸福感的評(píng)價(jià)也包括了認(rèn)知和情感兩方面。以往關(guān)注自我建構(gòu)對(duì)主觀幸福感影響的研究發(fā)現(xiàn):不同建構(gòu)類(lèi)型個(gè)體的主觀幸福感水平存在差異、預(yù)測(cè)指標(biāo)亦不相同;自我建構(gòu)對(duì)文化和身份存在中介效應(yīng);自我建構(gòu)與文化存在交互作用——不同文化下自我建構(gòu)可以預(yù)測(cè)主觀幸福感。此外,已有研究表明自我建構(gòu)水平不同個(gè)體之間存在認(rèn)知差異和動(dòng)機(jī)差異。以往研究多以問(wèn)卷方式描述二者的相關(guān)關(guān)系,本研究從問(wèn)卷調(diào)查和行為實(shí)驗(yàn)兩個(gè)角度、將三重自我建構(gòu)劃分為我-兄弟姐妹-中國(guó),探索了三重自我建構(gòu)水平對(duì)主觀幸福感的影響。調(diào)查一調(diào)查了大學(xué)生的三重自我建構(gòu)水平和主觀幸福感水平,結(jié)果顯示:大學(xué)生在三重自我建構(gòu)水平得分上,關(guān)系型自我建構(gòu)水平最高;獨(dú)立型自我建構(gòu)次之;集體型自我建構(gòu)最低。其中關(guān)系型自我是主觀幸福感的有效預(yù)測(cè)指標(biāo)。實(shí)驗(yàn)二的目的在于研究三重自我建構(gòu)水平不同的個(gè)體的主觀幸福感差異,并試圖從認(rèn)知和情感兩方面對(duì)其進(jìn)行解釋。結(jié)果顯示:關(guān)系型自我建構(gòu)的啟動(dòng)會(huì)引起個(gè)體的主觀幸福感的提升。這也許和關(guān)系型自我建構(gòu)個(gè)體在認(rèn)知上更加將家人納入自我,在情感上能對(duì)家人獲益時(shí)感同身受有關(guān)。實(shí)驗(yàn)三的目的在于研究三重自我建構(gòu)水平不同的個(gè)體是否會(huì)出于追求更高的主觀幸福感而做出不同的利他行為。結(jié)果顯示:關(guān)系型自我建構(gòu)的啟動(dòng)會(huì)引起個(gè)體的主觀幸福感的提升,依存型自我建構(gòu)的個(gè)體有更多的利他行為,其中關(guān)系型自我建構(gòu)的個(gè)體更多地對(duì)家人實(shí)施利他行為;而集體型自我建構(gòu)的個(gè)體更多地對(duì)陌生國(guó)人實(shí)施利他行為。
[Abstract]:Self-construction (Self-Construal) refers to how individuals understand and understand themselves, how to view the relationship between themselves and others and their significance. Subjective well-being refers to the individual's positive evaluation of personal life, which includes three independent dimensions: positive emotion, negative emotion and cognitive dimension. The evaluation of subjective well-being also includes cognitive and emotional aspects. Previous studies on the influence of self-construction on subjective well-being have found that the level of subjective well-being of individuals of different types of construction is different and the prediction index is different, and that self-construction has mediating effect on culture and identity. The interaction between self-construction and cultural existence-self-construction in different cultures can predict subjective well-being. In addition, there are cognitive differences and motivational differences among individuals with different levels of self-construction. Previous studies used questionnaires to describe the relationship between the two. This study divided the triple self-construction into "I, sibling and China" from the perspectives of questionnaire and behavioral experiments. This paper explores the effect of triple self-construction on subjective well-being. Survey 1 investigated the triple self-construction level and the subjective well-being level of college students. The results showed that the relationship self-construction level was the highest, the independent self-construction level was the second, and the independent self-construction level was the highest in the triple self-construction level. Collective self-construction is the lowest. Relational self is an effective predictor of subjective well-being. The purpose of experiment two is to study the differences of subjective well-being of individuals with different levels of triple self-construction, and try to explain it from the aspects of cognition and emotion. The results show that the initiation of relational self-construction can increase the subjective well-being of individuals. This may have something to do with the relationship-based self-constructors who more cognitively integrate their families into themselves and share their feelings when they are emotionally beneficial to their families. The purpose of experiment three is to study whether individuals with different levels of triple self-construction will make different altruistic behaviors in pursuit of higher subjective well-being. The results show that: the initiation of relational self-construction will lead to the improvement of individual subjective well-being, the dependent self-construction individual has more altruistic behavior, among which the relational self-construction individual more altruistic behavior to the family; The collective self-construction of the individual is more altruistic to the strange people.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：B842
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本文編號(hào)：2402656