【摘要】：隨著科技的發(fā)展,社會的進(jìn)步,現(xiàn)代人的生活節(jié)奏日益加快,人們的聯(lián)系越來越緊密,信息溝通次數(shù)越來越多,越來越順暢,導(dǎo)致信息量以驚人的速度增長著,在每天面對浩如煙海的信息資料中,快速的尋找到自己所需要的那一部分信息,對現(xiàn)代人來說非常的重要。近百年來,研究者對讀者閱讀過程的研究始終保持著高熱度,但對于快速閱讀的研究較少,國內(nèi)關(guān)于快速閱讀的研究大部分也僅僅在中小學(xué)生快速閱讀訓(xùn)練上,對快速閱讀的心理機(jī)制的研究少之又少。本文利用眼動分析法進(jìn)行研究,通過副中央凹預(yù)視實驗來考察快速閱讀者和慢速閱讀者的預(yù)視效益。首先采用區(qū)分預(yù)實驗來篩選出快速閱讀者和慢速閱讀者,篩選的方式為紙筆閱讀速度測驗(使用e-prime 2.0呈現(xiàn)),紙筆閱讀速度測驗采用自編150個常識性實驗句子,讀者一眼就能判斷句子的正誤(與常識相同的如:"一個星期有七天";明顯與常識相悖的如:"體重儀可以測量人的身高"),讓被試在三分鐘的時間內(nèi)判斷這些句子,依據(jù)被試在規(guī)定時間內(nèi)判斷的句子數(shù)量排序,取前10%的被試作為快速閱讀者,取后10%的被試作為慢速閱讀者。兩者之間閱讀句子數(shù)量的差異顯著(p0.00)。副中央凹預(yù)視效益實驗采用2閱讀速度(快速閱讀者和慢速閱讀者)×2預(yù)視條件(一致預(yù)視和假詞預(yù)視)×2中央凹負(fù)荷(高頻詞和低頻詞)的混合實驗設(shè)計,其中不同閱讀速度的讀者是組間設(shè)計,不同預(yù)視條件和不同中央凹負(fù)荷是組內(nèi)設(shè)計。使用EyeLink 1000來記錄被試的眼動軌跡,通過變化中央凹詞頻(高、低)來操縱中央凹負(fù)荷(低、高),同時操縱了副中央凹預(yù)視條件(一致和假詞),采用邊界范式,利用中央凹負(fù)荷來考察快速閱讀者和慢速閱讀者的副中央凹預(yù)視效益。綜合以上實驗結(jié)果,得出以下結(jié)論:(1)慢速閱讀者的副中央凹預(yù)視效益大于快速閱讀者,說明讀者在閱讀過程中信息的加工是平行加工,所以慢速閱讀有更充分的時間加工副中央凹的預(yù)視信息。(2)本研究支持了 SWIFT平行加工理論。
[Abstract]:With the development of science and technology and the progress of society, the pace of life of modern people is accelerating day by day, people's contact is getting closer and closer, the times of information communication is more and more, more and more smooth, resulting in the amount of information increasing at an astonishing speed. It is very important for modern people to find the part of information they need quickly in the face of the vast amount of information. In the past hundred years, the research on the reader's reading process has always maintained a high degree of heat, but the research on the fast reading is less, and most of the domestic research on the fast reading is only on the fast reading training of the primary and middle school students. There is little research on the psychological mechanism of fast reading. In this paper, eye movement analysis is used to study the previewing effect of fast readers and slow readers through the paracentric fovea previewing experiment. First of all, the paper and pen reading speed test (presented with e-prime 2.0) was used to screen fast readers and slow readers, and 150 common sense experimental sentences were used to test the reading speed of paper and pen. The reader can judge the correct and wrong sentences at a glance (as in common sense: "there are seven days a week"; Obviously contrary to common sense, such as "the weight meter can measure the height of a person"), the subjects were asked to judge the sentences in three minutes, according to the number of sentences judged within the specified time. The top 10% of the subjects were regarded as fast readers, and 10% of the latter were slow readers. There was a significant difference in the number of sentences read between the two groups (p0.00). The paracentric fovea previewing effect experiment was designed with 2 reading speed (fast reader and slow reader) 脳 2 previewing condition (uniform preview and false word preview) 脳 2 central fovea load (high frequency word and low frequency word). The readers of different reading speed are intergroup design, different previewing conditions and different central concave load are intra-group design. EyeLink 1000 was used to record the eye movement track of the subjects. The central concave load (low and high) was manipulated by changing the word frequency of the central fovea (high and low), and the paracentric fovea previewing conditions (consistent and false words) were manipulated at the same time, and the boundary paradigm was used. The central fovea load is used to study the pre-viewing efficiency of fast and slow readers. Based on the above experimental results, the following conclusions are drawn: (1) the sub-central fovea previewing efficiency of slow readers is greater than that of fast readers, which indicates that the information processing of readers is parallel processing in the process of reading. Therefore, slow reading has more sufficient preset information of subcentral concave processing. (2) this study supports SWIFT parallel processing theory.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：B842

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