性別圖式對(duì)負(fù)性情緒感染的影響研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-11-16 18:48
【摘要】：情緒感染是指在情緒輸出者提供情緒信息的環(huán)境下,情緒接收者(受感染者)的情緒體驗(yàn)與輸出者趨于一致的過(guò)程,往往在個(gè)體沒(méi)有意識(shí)到自己的情緒正被他人影響的過(guò)程中悄然而生。已有研究表明,個(gè)體性別、人際關(guān)系、情緒信息和情境環(huán)境等因素都會(huì)對(duì)情緒感染產(chǎn)生影響。性別圖式是個(gè)體在特定社會(huì)文化背景下,經(jīng)過(guò)不斷學(xué)習(xí)、內(nèi)化關(guān)于兩性概念(男性/女性)而形成的認(rèn)知圖式。它在個(gè)體對(duì)有關(guān)于性別信息的捕捉、選擇與加工過(guò)程上扮演著重要的角色。已有研究表明性別圖式化個(gè)體比非圖式化個(gè)體更大程度自動(dòng)地進(jìn)行性別圖式加工,且更傾向于根據(jù)性別來(lái)捕捉、選擇與加工那些與自我不相關(guān)的信息。而根據(jù)情緒感染的社會(huì)比較機(jī)制,個(gè)體能夠通過(guò)捕捉他人與自身相似或相異的信息來(lái)激活同化效應(yīng)或?qū)Ρ刃?yīng),從而影響情緒信息的動(dòng)態(tài)加工與行為反應(yīng)。個(gè)體在無(wú)法依據(jù)自身的內(nèi)在體驗(yàn)線索確認(rèn)情緒反應(yīng)的模糊情境下,往往傾向于依照他人的情緒線索來(lái)作出相應(yīng)的反應(yīng),即產(chǎn)生社會(huì)比較。在日常生活中的情緒感染情境下,個(gè)體往往處于模糊的情緒境況且難以覺(jué)察自身情緒變化的來(lái)源與過(guò)程,而在這一過(guò)程中,性別圖式化個(gè)體是否會(huì)憑借其已有的性別圖式來(lái)影響對(duì)他人負(fù)性情緒的覺(jué)察與加工,在相同條件下,非圖式化個(gè)體與圖式化個(gè)體是否在負(fù)性情緒感染程度存在差異,已有的模仿-反饋、社會(huì)比較機(jī)制能否完美解釋情緒感染的發(fā)生、發(fā)展過(guò)程。這些問(wèn)題目前還未有相關(guān)研究對(duì)此進(jìn)行探究,也是本研究所探討的問(wèn)題。本研究設(shè)計(jì)了兩個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn):實(shí)驗(yàn)一在隨機(jī)取樣和后續(xù)的量表篩選之后,選取了80名大學(xué)生為研究對(duì)象,實(shí)驗(yàn)通過(guò)靜態(tài)情緒面孔刺激呈現(xiàn)(閾上/閾下)研究不同性別圖式對(duì)負(fù)性情緒感染的影響,為2(呈現(xiàn)條件:閾上/閾下)×2(性別圖式化程度:圖式化/非圖式化)雙因素混合實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì);實(shí)驗(yàn)二結(jié)合方便取樣和隨機(jī)取樣,再經(jīng)過(guò)后續(xù)的量表篩選,選取了80名作為A組被試,80名大學(xué)生作為B組被試,通過(guò)動(dòng)態(tài)變化、真實(shí)互動(dòng)的情緒傳遞情境,研究性別圖式和性別一致性對(duì)情緒感染的影響,為2(性別一致性:一致/不一致)×2(性別圖式化程度:圖式化/非圖式化)雙因素混合實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)。研究主要得出以下結(jié)論:(1)不管是呈現(xiàn)負(fù)性情緒面孔圖片,還是呈現(xiàn)正性情緒視頻,抑或是與情緒效價(jià)水平有顯著差異的個(gè)體進(jìn)行會(huì)談,被試都產(chǎn)生了顯著的情緒感染效應(yīng)。(2)被試的負(fù)性情緒感染效應(yīng)在不同呈現(xiàn)條件下差異顯著。被試在負(fù)性情緒面孔刺激閾上呈現(xiàn)時(shí)的負(fù)性情緒感染效應(yīng)顯著高于閾下呈現(xiàn)條件下呈現(xiàn)負(fù)性情緒面孔刺激時(shí)產(chǎn)生的負(fù)性情緒感染效應(yīng)。(3)被試的性別圖式對(duì)負(fù)性情緒感染效應(yīng)影響不顯著。(4)音樂(lè)能夠有效舒緩消極情緒,提升情緒效價(jià)水平。(5)被試在性別一致條件下的負(fù)性情緒感染程度顯著高于性別不一致條件下。(6)在性別一致條件下,性別圖式化被試的情緒感染程度顯著高于非圖式化被試;在性別不一致條件下,性別圖式化被試顯著低于非圖式化被試。(7)性別圖式化被試在性別一致條件下,情緒感染程度顯著高于性別不一致條件下;性別非圖式化被試在性別一致條件下,情緒感染程度高于性別不一致條件下,但差異不顯著。
[Abstract]:Emotional infection refers to the process that the emotional experience and the output of the emotional receiver (the infected person) tend to be consistent in the context of the emotional information provided by the emotional output, and often in the process of the individual not realizing that their emotions are being affected by others. Studies have shown that individual gender, interpersonal relationship, emotional information and context environment may have an impact on emotional infection. The gender pattern is the cognitive schema of the individual in the specific social and cultural background, through the continuous study and the internalization of the gender concept (male/ female). It plays an important role in the individual's capture, selection and processing of gender information. Studies have shown that gender-based individuals have more automated gender-based processes than non-schema individuals, and are more inclined to capture, select and process information that is not relevant to self-care based on gender. and according to the social comparison mechanism of the emotional infection, the individual can activate the assimilation effect or the contrast effect by capturing the information similar to or different from the other, so as to influence the dynamic processing and the behavior reaction of the emotion information. In the fuzzy situation where the individual can not confirm the emotional reaction according to the internal experience clue, the individual tends to make the corresponding response according to the other's emotional clues, that is, to generate social comparison. In the context of emotional infection in daily life, the individual tends to be in a vague mood, and it is difficult to detect the source and process of the change of the emotion, and in this process, Whether the gender-based individual will influence the awareness and processing of the negative emotion of others by virtue of their existing gender schema, under the same conditions, whether the non-schema individuals and the schema individuals have a difference in the degree of negative emotional infection, the existing imitation-feedback, The social comparison mechanism can perfectly explain the occurrence and development process of emotional infection. These problems have not yet been explored by the relevant research, and are also the issues discussed by the Institute. In this study, two experiments were designed: after a random sampling and a follow-up scale selection, 80 college students were selected as the study subjects, and the effects of different gender patterns on the negative emotional infection were studied by static emotional face stimulation (threshold/ threshold). 2 (presentation condition: threshold/ threshold)-2 (gender-schema level: schema/ non-schema) two-factor mixed experimental design; experimental two-combination convenient sampling and random sampling, followed by a subsequent scale screening, 80 students were selected as group A to be tested, and 80 college students were tested as group B. The effect of gender and gender identity on emotional infection was studied by dynamic change and real interaction. schema/ non-schema) two-factor hybrid experimental design. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) There is a significant emotional infection effect, whether it is a negative emotion face picture or a positive mood video, or an individual with a significant difference with the level of emotional titer. (2) The negative effects of negative emotional infection were different under different presentation conditions. The negative emotional infection effect when presented at the negative emotional face stimulation threshold is significantly higher than the negative emotional infection effect produced at the time of the negative emotional face stimulation under the threshold presentation conditions. (3) The gender schema was not significantly affected by the effect of negative emotional infection. (4) The music can effectively relieve the negative emotion and improve the level of emotional titer. (5) The degree of negative emotional infection under the condition of gender was significantly higher than that of gender. (6) Under the condition of gender, the degree of emotional infection of gender-schema was significantly higher than that of non-schema. Under the condition of non-uniform gender, the gender-schema was significantly lower than that of non-schema. (7) Under the condition of gender, the degree of emotional infection was significantly higher than that of gender, and the degree of emotional infection was higher than that of gender under the condition of gender, but the difference was not significant.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：四川師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：B842.6
[Abstract]:Emotional infection refers to the process that the emotional experience and the output of the emotional receiver (the infected person) tend to be consistent in the context of the emotional information provided by the emotional output, and often in the process of the individual not realizing that their emotions are being affected by others. Studies have shown that individual gender, interpersonal relationship, emotional information and context environment may have an impact on emotional infection. The gender pattern is the cognitive schema of the individual in the specific social and cultural background, through the continuous study and the internalization of the gender concept (male/ female). It plays an important role in the individual's capture, selection and processing of gender information. Studies have shown that gender-based individuals have more automated gender-based processes than non-schema individuals, and are more inclined to capture, select and process information that is not relevant to self-care based on gender. and according to the social comparison mechanism of the emotional infection, the individual can activate the assimilation effect or the contrast effect by capturing the information similar to or different from the other, so as to influence the dynamic processing and the behavior reaction of the emotion information. In the fuzzy situation where the individual can not confirm the emotional reaction according to the internal experience clue, the individual tends to make the corresponding response according to the other's emotional clues, that is, to generate social comparison. In the context of emotional infection in daily life, the individual tends to be in a vague mood, and it is difficult to detect the source and process of the change of the emotion, and in this process, Whether the gender-based individual will influence the awareness and processing of the negative emotion of others by virtue of their existing gender schema, under the same conditions, whether the non-schema individuals and the schema individuals have a difference in the degree of negative emotional infection, the existing imitation-feedback, The social comparison mechanism can perfectly explain the occurrence and development process of emotional infection. These problems have not yet been explored by the relevant research, and are also the issues discussed by the Institute. In this study, two experiments were designed: after a random sampling and a follow-up scale selection, 80 college students were selected as the study subjects, and the effects of different gender patterns on the negative emotional infection were studied by static emotional face stimulation (threshold/ threshold). 2 (presentation condition: threshold/ threshold)-2 (gender-schema level: schema/ non-schema) two-factor mixed experimental design; experimental two-combination convenient sampling and random sampling, followed by a subsequent scale screening, 80 students were selected as group A to be tested, and 80 college students were tested as group B. The effect of gender and gender identity on emotional infection was studied by dynamic change and real interaction. schema/ non-schema) two-factor hybrid experimental design. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) There is a significant emotional infection effect, whether it is a negative emotion face picture or a positive mood video, or an individual with a significant difference with the level of emotional titer. (2) The negative effects of negative emotional infection were different under different presentation conditions. The negative emotional infection effect when presented at the negative emotional face stimulation threshold is significantly higher than the negative emotional infection effect produced at the time of the negative emotional face stimulation under the threshold presentation conditions. (3) The gender schema was not significantly affected by the effect of negative emotional infection. (4) The music can effectively relieve the negative emotion and improve the level of emotional titer. (5) The degree of negative emotional infection under the condition of gender was significantly higher than that of gender. (6) Under the condition of gender, the degree of emotional infection of gender-schema was significantly higher than that of non-schema. Under the condition of non-uniform gender, the gender-schema was significantly lower than that of non-schema. (7) Under the condition of gender, the degree of emotional infection was significantly higher than that of gender, and the degree of emotional infection was higher than that of gender under the condition of gender, but the difference was not significant.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：四川師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：B842.6
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