中美大學(xué)生飲酒行為及其影響因素的跨文化比較
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-11-14 15:04
【摘要】：研究目的 通過(guò)對(duì)中、美大學(xué)生飲酒行為及其影響因素進(jìn)行調(diào)查分析,了解中、美大學(xué)生飲酒行為特點(diǎn),分析中、美大學(xué)生病態(tài)飲酒行為內(nèi)部機(jī)制的差異�？缥幕接戯嬀菩袨榈挠绊懸蛩�,為控制大學(xué)生病態(tài)飲酒行為提供科學(xué)的參考。 研究方法 本研究使用壓力感知問(wèn)卷、沖動(dòng)性問(wèn)卷、病態(tài)飲酒問(wèn)卷(DSM-IV中的飲酒部分)以及與飲酒行為相關(guān)的其他家庭社會(huì)化因素問(wèn)卷,探討中美大學(xué)生飲酒行為的特點(diǎn)和差異,以及影響大學(xué)生病態(tài)飲酒行為的內(nèi)部機(jī)制。一共收集了1496名中國(guó)在校大學(xué)生和1190名美國(guó)在校大學(xué)生被試的數(shù)據(jù),通過(guò)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)在線答題的形式完成施測(cè)。采用卡方檢驗(yàn),t檢驗(yàn)對(duì)不同性質(zhì)的資料進(jìn)行組間比較,采用結(jié)構(gòu)方程模型對(duì)影響大學(xué)生病態(tài)飲酒行為的因素進(jìn)行分析。 研究結(jié)果 (1)壓力感知問(wèn)卷、沖動(dòng)性問(wèn)卷、病態(tài)飲酒問(wèn)卷、飲酒動(dòng)機(jī)問(wèn)卷中文版信效度指標(biāo)良好。 (2)中美大學(xué)生飲酒行為特點(diǎn)在諸多方面具有差異,在飲酒量上,大部分中美的大學(xué)生的飲酒量集中于一周內(nèi)小于等于10杯范圍。小于等于10杯的范圍內(nèi),中國(guó)大學(xué)生多于美國(guó)大學(xué)生,10杯到30杯的范圍,美國(guó)大學(xué)生多于中國(guó)大學(xué)生；在飲酒時(shí)長(zhǎng)方面,一周內(nèi)飲酒時(shí)間在2到10小時(shí)的范圍內(nèi),美國(guó)大學(xué)生數(shù)量遠(yuǎn)大于中國(guó)大學(xué)生；在最近飲酒時(shí)間方面,近一周內(nèi)美國(guó)大學(xué)生的飲酒率為42.92%,近兩周內(nèi)美國(guó)大學(xué)生的飲酒率為14.50%,均高于中國(guó)大學(xué)生同期飲酒率。近一個(gè)月內(nèi)以及近一年內(nèi),中國(guó)大學(xué)生的飲酒率分別為22.22%和39.93%,均高于同期美國(guó)大學(xué)生的飲酒率；在首次飲酒年齡為18歲以上的階段,中美兩國(guó)大學(xué)生有顯著性差異。在15-18歲間,中美兩國(guó)的大學(xué)生首次飲酒人數(shù)均出現(xiàn)明顯的增加；在飲酒場(chǎng)所方面,除了學(xué)校、工作地、飯店,中美大學(xué)生均差異顯著。中國(guó)大學(xué)生對(duì)于朋友家、家以及酒吧的選擇人數(shù)明顯低于美國(guó)。在飲酒動(dòng)機(jī)方面,中美大學(xué)生在社會(huì)動(dòng)機(jī)、應(yīng)對(duì)動(dòng)機(jī)、優(yōu)化動(dòng)機(jī)方面差異顯著；在病態(tài)飲酒、親友飲酒情況、飲酒同伴方面,中美大學(xué)生存在差異。在親友同伴的飲酒態(tài)度上,中美的差異體現(xiàn)在伴侶、母親以及兄弟姐妹鼓勵(lì)喝酒上。 (3)中、美大學(xué)生壓力感知與病態(tài)飲酒影響因素的內(nèi)部機(jī)制不同。具體表現(xiàn)為：中國(guó)大學(xué)生的壓力感知通過(guò)家庭社會(huì)因素影響病態(tài)飲酒行為,家庭社會(huì)因素在壓力感知與病態(tài)飲酒中起部分中介作用。美國(guó)大學(xué)生的壓力感知通過(guò)沖動(dòng)性影響病態(tài)飲酒行為,沖動(dòng)性在壓力感知與病態(tài)飲酒中起完全中介作用。 研究結(jié)論 本研究結(jié)果表明,不同文化背景下,個(gè)體在飲酒行為上存在差異。具體體現(xiàn)在中、美大學(xué)生在飲酒量、飲酒時(shí)長(zhǎng)、首次飲酒年齡、最近飲酒時(shí)間、飲酒動(dòng)機(jī)以及飲酒場(chǎng)所等方面在飲酒行為方面的差異。并且,個(gè)體的病態(tài)飲酒行為受到壓力感知的影響,其內(nèi)部影響機(jī)制也體現(xiàn)了跨文化差異。其中,中國(guó)大學(xué)生被試的壓力感知通過(guò)家庭社會(huì)化因素對(duì)病態(tài)飲酒產(chǎn)生影響,美國(guó)大學(xué)生被試的壓力感知通過(guò)沖動(dòng)性對(duì)病態(tài)飲酒產(chǎn)生影響。研究結(jié)果支持了成癮的多元化理論,整合了病態(tài)飲酒行為的心理模型和社會(huì)模型。通過(guò)飲酒行為影響因素的跨文化探索比較研究,也進(jìn)一步支持了文化與概念的自我理論模型。
[Abstract]:Purpose of the study Through the investigation and analysis of the drinking behavior and the influencing factors of the Chinese and American college students, the characteristics of the drinking behavior of the college students in China and the United States are analyzed, and the internal mechanism of the pathological drinking behavior of the college students is analyzed. A cross-cultural study of the influencing factors of alcohol consumption, which provides a scientific basis for controlling the ill-drinking behavior of college students. Reference. The study used the pressure-sensing questionnaire, the mobility questionnaire, the pathological drinking questionnaire (the drinking part in the DSM-IV) and other family socialization factors related to the drinking behavior, and discussed the alcohol consumption of the Chinese and American college students. The characteristics and differences of behavior, as well as the ill-treatment of college students The internal mechanism of alcohol behavior. A total of 1496 Chinese college students and 1,190 college students in the United States were collected and online through the Internet. The test is carried out in the form of the problem. The card-side test and t-test are used to compare the data of different properties, and the structural equation model is adopted to influence the pathological drinking of the college students. as a factor An analysis was made. The results of the study (1), the pressure-sensing questionnaire, the mobility questionnaire, the pathological drinking questionnaire, the alcohol consumption, The Chinese version of the motivation questionnaire is good. (2) The characteristics of the drinking behavior of the Chinese college students are different in many aspects. The amount of wine is concentrated in a range of less than or equal to 10 cups in a week. In the range of less than or equal to 10 cups, Chinese college students are more than American college students, 10 to 30 cups, and American college students are more than Chinese college students; in the long term of drinking, the drinking time in a week is in the range of 2 to 10 hours The number of college students in the United States is much higher than that of Chinese college students. In recent weeks, the drinking rate of American college students is 42. 92%, and the drinking rate of American college students in the last two weeks is 14. The drinking rate of Chinese college students was 22. 22% and 39. 93%, which was higher than that of the American college students in the same period. During the period of 15-18 years, there was a marked increase in the number of first-time drinking of college students in the middle and the United States; in the area of drinking, in addition to the school, The work place, the hotel, the middle-and-the-the-the-the-the-the-the-the-the-the-the-the-the-the-the-the-the-the-the-the-the-the-the The number of people in home and in the bar is significantly lower than that of the United States. The difference of the Chinese and American college students is the difference in the drinking attitude of the friends and relatives, and the differences in the beauty of the Chinese and American students. To encourage a drink in a partner, a mother, and a sibling. (3) In the middle and the United States. The internal mechanism of the influence factors of pressure perception and pathological drinking is different. The results are as follows: The pressure perception of the Chinese college students affects the pathological drinking behavior and the family society through the family social factors. The pressure-sensing of the American college students affects the behavior of the ill-conditioned alcohol through the immobility, and the influence of the pressure-sensing of the American college students on the ill-drinking behavior of the ill-conditioned drink is the influence of the pressure-sensing of the American college students. dynamic pressure The effect of force perception and pathological drinking is an intermediate role in the study. The research conclusion is in this study. The results show that in different cultural background, the individual has a difference in the behavior of drinking. The difference in the behavior of alcohol in terms of time, motivation of drinking, and the place of drinking, and the pathological drinking behavior of the individual. Under the influence of pressure perception, the internal influence mechanism also reflects the cross-cultural difference, among which, the pressure perception of the Chinese college students is influenced by the family socialization factors on the pathological drinking. The pressure of the American college students is influenced by the immobility on the pathological drinking. The results of the study support the addiction. The theory of pluralism, the psychological model and the social model of the behavior of the pathological drinking, and the cross-culture of the influencing factors through the behavior of drinking.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：陜西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：B848.4
本文編號(hào)：2331513
[Abstract]:Purpose of the study Through the investigation and analysis of the drinking behavior and the influencing factors of the Chinese and American college students, the characteristics of the drinking behavior of the college students in China and the United States are analyzed, and the internal mechanism of the pathological drinking behavior of the college students is analyzed. A cross-cultural study of the influencing factors of alcohol consumption, which provides a scientific basis for controlling the ill-drinking behavior of college students. Reference. The study used the pressure-sensing questionnaire, the mobility questionnaire, the pathological drinking questionnaire (the drinking part in the DSM-IV) and other family socialization factors related to the drinking behavior, and discussed the alcohol consumption of the Chinese and American college students. The characteristics and differences of behavior, as well as the ill-treatment of college students The internal mechanism of alcohol behavior. A total of 1496 Chinese college students and 1,190 college students in the United States were collected and online through the Internet. The test is carried out in the form of the problem. The card-side test and t-test are used to compare the data of different properties, and the structural equation model is adopted to influence the pathological drinking of the college students. as a factor An analysis was made. The results of the study (1), the pressure-sensing questionnaire, the mobility questionnaire, the pathological drinking questionnaire, the alcohol consumption, The Chinese version of the motivation questionnaire is good. (2) The characteristics of the drinking behavior of the Chinese college students are different in many aspects. The amount of wine is concentrated in a range of less than or equal to 10 cups in a week. In the range of less than or equal to 10 cups, Chinese college students are more than American college students, 10 to 30 cups, and American college students are more than Chinese college students; in the long term of drinking, the drinking time in a week is in the range of 2 to 10 hours The number of college students in the United States is much higher than that of Chinese college students. In recent weeks, the drinking rate of American college students is 42. 92%, and the drinking rate of American college students in the last two weeks is 14. The drinking rate of Chinese college students was 22. 22% and 39. 93%, which was higher than that of the American college students in the same period. During the period of 15-18 years, there was a marked increase in the number of first-time drinking of college students in the middle and the United States; in the area of drinking, in addition to the school, The work place, the hotel, the middle-and-the-the-the-the-the-the-the-the-the-the-the-the-the-the-the-the-the-the-the-the-the-the-the The number of people in home and in the bar is significantly lower than that of the United States. The difference of the Chinese and American college students is the difference in the drinking attitude of the friends and relatives, and the differences in the beauty of the Chinese and American students. To encourage a drink in a partner, a mother, and a sibling. (3) In the middle and the United States. The internal mechanism of the influence factors of pressure perception and pathological drinking is different. The results are as follows: The pressure perception of the Chinese college students affects the pathological drinking behavior and the family society through the family social factors. The pressure-sensing of the American college students affects the behavior of the ill-conditioned alcohol through the immobility, and the influence of the pressure-sensing of the American college students on the ill-drinking behavior of the ill-conditioned drink is the influence of the pressure-sensing of the American college students. dynamic pressure The effect of force perception and pathological drinking is an intermediate role in the study. The research conclusion is in this study. The results show that in different cultural background, the individual has a difference in the behavior of drinking. The difference in the behavior of alcohol in terms of time, motivation of drinking, and the place of drinking, and the pathological drinking behavior of the individual. Under the influence of pressure perception, the internal influence mechanism also reflects the cross-cultural difference, among which, the pressure perception of the Chinese college students is influenced by the family socialization factors on the pathological drinking. The pressure of the American college students is influenced by the immobility on the pathological drinking. The results of the study support the addiction. The theory of pluralism, the psychological model and the social model of the behavior of the pathological drinking, and the cross-culture of the influencing factors through the behavior of drinking.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：陜西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：B848.4
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