【摘要】：德國(guó)慕尼黑大學(xué)哲學(xué)家烏爾里�！へ惪私淌谠谒臅�(shū)中首次提出了“風(fēng)險(xiǎn)社會(huì)”的概念，他在書(shū)中鄭重地告誡:我們已經(jīng)進(jìn)入了一個(gè)“風(fēng)險(xiǎn)社會(huì)”!近年來(lái)中國(guó)在經(jīng)濟(jì)方面取得了舉世矚目的成就，但在經(jīng)濟(jì)蓬勃發(fā)展的背后，是環(huán)境遭到嚴(yán)重破壞的慘痛代價(jià)，環(huán)境問(wèn)題在今天的中國(guó)是一個(gè)熱門(mén)的話題，所以對(duì)于環(huán)境風(fēng)險(xiǎn)認(rèn)知的研究就顯得尤為重要。 前人研究得出了結(jié)論：不同的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)信息的傳遞通道和環(huán)境風(fēng)險(xiǎn)信息類(lèi)型對(duì)于環(huán)境風(fēng)險(xiǎn)認(rèn)知是有影響的，本研究在以往的環(huán)境風(fēng)險(xiǎn)認(rèn)知的研究成果的基礎(chǔ)之上設(shè)計(jì)了實(shí)驗(yàn)1，實(shí)驗(yàn)1的目的是研究環(huán)境風(fēng)險(xiǎn)信息類(lèi)型與時(shí)間對(duì)于環(huán)境風(fēng)險(xiǎn)認(rèn)知的影響。實(shí)驗(yàn)1得出了以下結(jié)論：（1）人們對(duì)三種不同的環(huán)境風(fēng)險(xiǎn)信息類(lèi)型（疾病災(zāi)害、生活環(huán)境和生態(tài)環(huán)境）的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)認(rèn)知程度由大到小的排列順序依次為：生活環(huán)境、生態(tài)環(huán)境、疾病災(zāi)害。（2）性別因素對(duì)環(huán)境風(fēng)險(xiǎn)認(rèn)知無(wú)影響。（3）人們對(duì)時(shí)間描述為10年時(shí)的環(huán)境風(fēng)險(xiǎn)認(rèn)知強(qiáng)于時(shí)間描述為1年時(shí)的環(huán)境風(fēng)險(xiǎn)認(rèn)知。實(shí)驗(yàn)1中未考慮情緒因素對(duì)于環(huán)境風(fēng)險(xiǎn)認(rèn)知的影響。 已有的研究表明，情緒在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)認(rèn)知的過(guò)程中扮演著重要的角色。存在著兩個(gè)平行而且相互作用的信息加工模式，，第一個(gè)被描述為“理性的”，而第二個(gè)則被描述為“由情感驅(qū)動(dòng)的與經(jīng)驗(yàn)有關(guān)的”。情緒啟動(dòng)理論也表明喚起不同的情緒會(huì)影響人們的認(rèn)知。實(shí)驗(yàn)2基于以上結(jié)論，采用圖片喚起被試的不同情緒，研究在不同的情緒下，環(huán)境風(fēng)險(xiǎn)信息類(lèi)型與時(shí)間對(duì)于環(huán)境風(fēng)險(xiǎn)認(rèn)知的影響。實(shí)驗(yàn)2得出以下結(jié)論：（1）情緒因素對(duì)環(huán)境風(fēng)險(xiǎn)認(rèn)知只在時(shí)間描述為1年時(shí)有影響。（2）而情緒變量為積極時(shí)，情緒因素對(duì)環(huán)境風(fēng)險(xiǎn)認(rèn)知沒(méi)有影響。（3）只有在情緒變量為消極時(shí)，情緒因素才對(duì)環(huán)境風(fēng)險(xiǎn)認(rèn)知有顯著影響。（4）實(shí)驗(yàn)2的結(jié)果得出人們對(duì)三類(lèi)不同環(huán)境風(fēng)險(xiǎn)信息類(lèi)型（疾病災(zāi)害、生活環(huán)境、生態(tài)環(huán)境）的環(huán)境風(fēng)險(xiǎn)認(rèn)知程度的排序與實(shí)驗(yàn)1相同，是對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)1結(jié)果的重復(fù)驗(yàn)證。 本研究?jī)蓚�(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)采用同樣的實(shí)驗(yàn)范式，雖然在實(shí)驗(yàn)內(nèi)容上有部分重疊，但是兩次實(shí)驗(yàn)的結(jié)果互相驗(yàn)證，提高了三種環(huán)境風(fēng)險(xiǎn)信息類(lèi)型的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)認(rèn)知程度排序的可信度。但由于實(shí)驗(yàn)材料和實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)等因素的限制，外部效度較低。在以后的實(shí)驗(yàn)研究中，可以對(duì)以上的不足有針對(duì)地改進(jìn)，以使實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果更加完全、信效度更高。
[Abstract]:In his book, Professor Ulrich Baker, philosopher of the University of Munich, first put forward the concept of "risk society", in which he solemnly warned: we have entered a "risk society"! In recent years, China has made remarkable achievements in the field of economy, but behind the booming economy is the heavy cost of serious environmental damage. The environmental problem is a hot topic in China today. Therefore, the study of environmental risk cognition is particularly important. Previous studies have concluded that different risk information transmission channels and environmental risk information types have an impact on environmental risk cognition. The purpose of experiment 1 is to study the effect of environmental risk information type and time on environmental risk cognition. The conclusions of experiment 1 are as follows: (1) the order of risk cognition of three different types of environmental risk information (disease disaster, living environment and ecological environment) is as follows: living environment, ecological environment. (2) gender factors had no effect on environmental risk cognition. (3) people's cognition of environmental risk when time was described as 10 years was stronger than that when time was described as one year. In experiment 1, the influence of emotional factors on environmental risk cognition was not considered. Previous studies have shown that emotion plays an important role in risk cognition. There are two parallel and interactive information processing models, the first being described as "rational" and the second as "affective driven by experience". Emotional priming theory also shows that arousing different emotions can affect people's cognition. Based on the above conclusions, experiment 2 uses pictures to arouse different emotions of the subjects, and studies the effects of environmental risk information type and time on environmental risk cognition under different emotions. In experiment 2, the following conclusions were drawn: (1) emotional factors had an effect on environmental risk perception only when time was described as 1 year, and (2) when emotional variables were positive, Emotional factors have no effect on environmental risk cognition. (3) only when emotional variables are negative, (4) the results of experiment 2 showed that there were three different types of environmental risk information (disease and disaster, living environment). The order of environmental risk cognition of Eco-environment is the same as that of experiment 1, which is the repeated verification of the results of experiment 1. The two experiments adopt the same experimental paradigm. Although there are some overlaps in the contents of the experiments, the results of the two experiments verify each other, which improves the reliability of the ranking of the risk cognition of the three types of environmental risk information. However, due to the limitation of experimental materials and experimental design, the external validity is low. In order to make the experimental results more complete, the reliability and validity can be improved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：B842

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